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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 98

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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 98
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one is applicable to insect pollinated flowers?
    Solution
    When the flowers are pollinated by insects, it is called entomophily. Such flowers has evolved mechanisms to make themselves more appealing or conspicuous to insects by having bright colors or scented flowers, nectar or appealing shapes and patterns.
    Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Flowers are conspicuous and scented having nectar'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    After fertilization, ovule grows into 
    Solution
    After fertilization, zygote is formed which develops embryo, which forms the future plant. The endosperm cells serve as a source of nutrition for the developing embryo. The ovule becomes the seed. The ovary becomes the fruit. In most of the plants the antipodals and synergids disintegrate before, during or immediately after fertilization. The outer and inner integuments of the ovule become the testa or the seed coat of the seed.  Petals and sepals fall off. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option (A), 'Seed.'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which major change occured in germination of spores during evolution of seed?
    Solution
    Germination is the process by which a plant grows from a seed. A series of changes in the reproductive biology among the heterosporous plants led to the evolution of seed plants. In seed plants, the megaspore is retained in the megasporangium and the microspore is taken to a pollen chamber at the tip of this organ. The development and fertilization of gametophyte occur within a protected environment. A pattern that showcases evolution of seed is found among the vascular plants. In homosporous vascular plants (plants that produce only one type of spore) have exosporic gametophytesthat is, the gametophyte develops outside of the spore wall. In addition, these exosporic gametophytes are normally bisexual (produce both sperm and eggs). In heterosporous vascular plants (presence of both microspores and megaspores), development of gametophyte is endoscopic and gametophytes are unisex, producing either sperm or eggs.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The above diagram is showing the structure of embryo of a dicot seed. Name the parts marked I, II and III sequentially.

    Solution
    In the given figure, I represents the plumule, II represents the cotyledon and III represents the radicle. The correct option is A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Tetradynamous stamens are found in
    Solution
    According to the relative size of different stamens in a flower, they are grouped as tetradynamous, didynamous and heterostamonous. Presence of six stamens, two shorter in outer whorl and four longer in inner whorl, is termed as tetradynamous. It is characteristic feature of crucifers, for example Brassica.
    Pisum is characterized by presence of nine stamen filaments united into a sheath that surrounds the pistil and one separate stamen filament, a condition referred to as diadelphous.
    In Cucurbita, stamens are of same size and are completely fused through filament as well as anthers and are termed as synandrous.
    In Hibiscus, base of filament of same size stamen is attached to stem and forms a staminal column/staminal tube. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Coir of commerce is obtained from which part of the Coconut?
    Solution
    Coir is a natural fibre extracted from the husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes, mattresses, etc. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut.  A coconut, and all drupes, have three layers - the exocarp (outer layer), the mesocarp (fleshy middle layer) and the endocarp (hard, woody layer that surrounds the seed). An untouched coconut has three layers. The outermost layer, which is typically smooth with a greenish color, is called as the exocarp. The next layer is the fibrous husk or mesocarp, which ultimately surrounds the hard woody layer called as the endocarp. The endocarp surrounds the seed. Coir of commerce is obtained from mesocarp of coconut. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The structure meant for the nourishment of developing embryo in case of plants is 
    Solution
    Endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants around the time of fertilization. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch, though it can also contain oils and protein.
    Thus, the correct answer is option (B), 'Endosperm'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Anemophily is pollination by
    Solution
    Anemophily or wind pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind. Almost all gymnosperms are anemophilous, as are many plants like grasses, sedges and rushes.
    Thus. the correct answer is option (A), 'Air'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Versatile anthers are connected with ......................
    Solution
    Anemophily or wind pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind. Almost all gymnosperms are anemophilous, as are many plants in the order Poales, including grasses, sedges and rushes.
    Versatile anther is anther whose attachment is near its middle, thus enabling it to swing freely.
    Anthers are rice grain-shaped organs found at the end or filament of a flower's stamen. They are the part of the flower, which generates and releases pollen. Versatile anthers are those placed crosswise on their filaments, forming a T-shape. This makes the anther more able to withstand strong winds, which would otherwise break it away as the filament twists. Consequently, those species of plants that have flowers with versatile anthers all rely on the wind to spread their pollen.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Select the correct option.

    Statement 1: Wind pollinated flowers need to produce more quantities of pollen grains.
    Statement 2: Seeds from cross-pollinated flowers produce weaker and less healthy plants.
    Solution
    • Wind-pollinated flowers need to produce great quantities of pollen to be sure that at least some pollen grains will reach the stigmas of other flowers.
    • These flowers are often small and inconspicuous since they do not need to attract insects. 
    • They do not produce nectar and they do not have any scent. Most trees and grasses have wind-pollinated flowers. 
    • Cross-pollination occurs when pollen is transferred from the anthers of one flower to the stigma of another flower. Self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the anther of a flower is transferred to the stigma of the same flower. 
    • Cross-pollination is better than self-pollination. 
    • When flowers are cross-pollinated their seeds germinate into strong, healthy plants. Seeds from self-pollinated flowers produce weaker, less healthy plants.
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