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Human Reproduction Test - 36

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Human Reproduction Test - 36
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Proliferative phase of menstrual cycle lasts for .......... days.
    Solution
    The reproductive cycle in the female primates (e.g., monkeys, apes and human beings) is known as a menstrual cycle. 
    In human females, menstruation is repeated at an average interval of about 28/29 days and the cycle of events starting from one menstruation till the next one is called as the menstrual cycle. 
    One ovum is released (ovulation) during the middle of each menstrual cycle. The major phases of the menstrual cycle are the menstrual phase, follicular phase and the luteal phase. 
    The cycle starts with the menstrual phase when menstrual flow occurs and it lasts for 3-5 days. The menstrual flow results due to the breakdown of the endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels. The menstrual phase is followed by the follicular phase and ends with the ovulation around the middle of the menstrual cycle, i.e., 14th day. Thus, the follicular or proliferative phase lasts for 10 to 12 days. During this phase, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of uterus regenerates through proliferation. These changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of pituitary and ovarian hormones.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    As compared to the sperm the egg contains more 
    Solution
    In most of the higher plants and animals including humans, the male gamete is small and motile, whereas, female gamete is large and immotile. The female gamete contributes both the genetic material as well as cytoplasm during zygote formation as compared to this the male gamete does not contribute cytoplasm but provides only half the genetic complement. Hence, major cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts show cytoplasmic or maternal inheritance pattern. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The phase of menstrual cycle in humans, that lasts for 3 - 5 days is 
    Solution
    The rhythmic reproductive cycle in the female primates is called as the menstrual cycle. The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called as menarche and is repeated at an average interval of about 28 / 29 days.
    The major phases of the menstrual cycle are- menstrual phase, follicular phase and luteal phase. The cycle starts with the menstrual phase, when menstrual flow occurs and it lasts for 3-5 days. The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels, which forms liquid, that comes out through vagina. Menstruation only occurs if the released ovum is not fertilised. Lack of menstruation may be indicative of pregnancy. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The term 'spermatozoon' was coined by
    Solution
    The term 'spermatozoon' was coined by Karl Ernst Von Baer in 1827. The name means 'animal in the seed' or 'seed animals' from the Greek where 'sperma' means 'seed' and 'zoon' means 'living thing'. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a function of seminal vesicle and prostate glands?
    Solution
    The function of prostate gland is to secrete a slightly alkaline fluid, milky or white in appearance, which protects the sperm from the acidic environment in female vaginal tract. Also, provide nourishment and energy to the sperm.
    Seminal vesicles secrete a significant proportion of the fluid that ultimately becomes the semen when mixed with sperm.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Menarche is the stage when
    Solution
    • The reproductive cycle in the female primates (e.g., monkeys, apes and human beings) is called the menstrual cycle. 
    • The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche. 
    • In human females, menstruation is repeated at an average interval of about 28 / 29 days and the cycle of events starting from one menstruation till the next one is called the menstrual cycle.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The number of sperms produced from 24 secondary spermatocytes will be ?
    Solution
    The spermatogonia are the male germ cells that are present in the seminiferous tubules. Each spermatogonium contains 46 chromosomes, differentiates to form primary spermatocytes periodically undergo meiosis. A primary spermatocyte completes the first meiotic division (reduction division) and produces two haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes, which have only 23 chromosomes each. The secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to produce four equal, haploid spermatids. Thus, 12 diploid primary spermatocytes can produce 24 haploid secondary spermatocytes, which will produce 48 haploid spermatids. Each spermatid will develop into sperms.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The sperm becomes mature and fully motile in
    Solution
    The sperm becomes mature and fully motile in Cauda epididymis.
    It is present in the epididymis.  Once the sperm cells are mature, they are transported to the Epididymis and later into Ductus deferens for temporary storage and where they here undergo another maturation process necessary for them to acquire the ability to be motile (swim)
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The fluid which is rich in calcium citrate, fibrinolysin, acid phosphatase and contributes about 30% of the total volume of semen is released by
    Solution
    The prostate gland lies in the pelvic cavity in front of the rectum and behind the symphysis pubis, surrounding the first part of the urethra. The prostate gland secretes a milky fluid that makes up about 30% of semen with the milky appearance. It is slightly alkaline, which provides a protective local environment for sperm arriving in the acidic vagina. It also contains a clotting enzyme, which thickens the semen in the vagina, increasing the likelihood of semen being retained in the vicinity of the cervix. Secretions of this gland, along with secretions of seminal vesicles, also make the seminal plasma rich in fructose, calcium and certain other enzymes too. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Sustentacular cells is another name of 
    Solution
    Sustentacular cells are the cells that are associated with providing structural support. A type of sustentacular cells is Sertoli cells which are found in the stratified epithelium of seminiferous tubules. Sertoli cells are also known as supporting cells. They are elongated and pyramidal which partially envelope the spermatogenic cell which nourish the spermatozoa.
    So, the correct answer is 'Sertoli cells'.
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