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Human Reproduction Test - 52

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Human Reproduction Test - 52
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The number of spermatozoa, a single primary spermatocyte ultimately produces in spermatogenesis, is
    Solution
    The number of spermatozoa, a single primary spermatocyte ultimately produces in spermatogenesis, is four.
    Spermatogenesis is the origin and development of the sperm cells within the male reproductive organs, the testes. The initial cells in this pathway are called spermatogonia, which yield primary spermatocytes by mitosis. The primary spermatocyte divides meiotically (meiosis I) into two secondary spermatocytes; each secondary spermatocyte divides into two spermatids by Meiosis II. These develop into mature spermatozoa, also known as sperm cells. Thus, the primary spermatocyte gives rise to two cells, the secondary spermatocytes, and the two secondary spermatocytes by their subdivision produce four spermatozoa.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    In the case of mammals, testes are extra abdominal situated in scrotal sacs because.
    Solution
    In man, the testes are paired oval bodies about 4 - 5 cm in length. The testes develop in the pelvic cavity but by the time the baby is born, they move out of the abdominal cavity, and lie in a pouch of skin called as scrotum. The scrotum hangs between the thighs. The testes are extra - abdominal because sperms mature at a temperature slightly lower than the body temperature. The scrotal sac is filled with a fluid called as hydrocoel. The scrotal sacs act as thermoregulators and keep the testicular temperature 2$$^o$$C lower than body temperature for normal spermatogenesis. The cavity of the testes is called as vaginal coelom and it is connected to the abdominal cavity through inguinal canal. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Spermatozoa are nourished during their development by
    Solution
    In testicular lobule, each seminiferous tubule is made up of male germ cells (spermatogonia), Sertoli cells and lyeding cells. The male germ cells undergo meiotic divisions leading to sperm formation while Sertoli cells provide nutrition to the germ cells. The regions outside the seminiferous tubules, called as interstitial spaces, contain small blood vessels and interstitial cells or Leydig cells. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The number of chromosome in human male germs cell and sperms respectively are
    Solution
    The human germ cells are diploid in nature and so the number of chromosomes will be equal to 46. The germinal cells undergo meiotic division to form the haploid cells which are known as gametes. The male germ cells in the seminiferous tubules produce sperms which are haploid. So, the number of chromosomes in the sperms will be 23. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Fertilizins are the substances secreted from
    Solution
    Fertilizins are the substances secreted from the mature egg. During fertilization. The fertilizin of an egg interacts with the anti fertilizin of sperm of the same species. This attraction between fertilizin and antifertilizin makes the sperms stick to the egg surface. The sperm plasma then fuses with the egg's plasma membrane, the sperm head disconnects from its flagellum and fertilization takes place. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    In human females, the fertilised egg gets implanted in uterus
    Solution
    The fertilised egg or zygote undergoes several divisions to form the embryo. It moves into the uterus within a period of 4-5 days. In the uterus, the embryo implants itself into the endometrial lining 8-9 days after fertilisation. After implantation, it secretes a hormone called human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) which helps maintain the pregnancy. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The fertilized egg is called as a
    Solution
    The fertilized egg is called as a zygote. Uterus and ovary are parts of the female reproductive system and gametes are an organism's reproductive cells.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Menopause occurs at the age of
    Solution
    After the age of 45, the number of ovarian follicles decreases and the ovaries become less responsive to luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. Hence the ovaries stop producing estrogen and progesterone. So the menstrual cycle stops and reproductive capacity is arrested. Menopause marks the end of reproductive phase. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following organ is differentiated first during development?
    Solution
    • The heart is the first functional organ to develop and starts to beat and pump blood at around 21 or 22 days in human beings. 
    • Cardiac myoblasts and blood islands in the splanchnopleuric mesenchyme on each side of the neural plate, give rise to the cardiogenic region. 
    • This is a horseshoe-shaped area near the head of the embryo. 
    • By day 19, following cell signaling, two strands begin to form as tubes in this region, as a lumen develops within them. 
    • These two endocardial tubes grow and by day 21 have migrated towards each other and fused to form a single primitive heart tube, the tubular heart. 
    • By the end of the second month of pregnancy limbs and digits are developed. By the end of weeks (first trimester), most of the major organ systems are formed. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Meroblastic cleavage refers to which type of division of egg?
    Solution
    Meroblastic cleavage is a type of cleavage that occurs in very yolky eggs like birds in which the egg cytoplasm and not the yolk divides (incomplete division). There are two types of meroblastic cleavage  discoidal and superficial. Discoidal usually occurs in birds, reptiles, fishes etc. which have telolecithal eggs and superficial cleavage occurs in insects which have centrolecithal eggs. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
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