Human Reproduction Test

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Human Reproduction Test - 90

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1

1 / -0

Identify the correct match from the Column I, II and III.

I	II	III
$$1$$. Interstitial cells	a. Cortex of ovary	i. Follicular fluid
$$2$$.Sertoli cells	b. Ovarian follicle	ii. Progesterone
$$3$$.Granulosa cells	c. Testies	iii. Attachment of sperm bundle
$$4$$. Cells of corpus luteum	d. Seminiferous tubules	iv. Testosterone

$$2$$- a- iii, $$1$$- c- iv, $$3$$- b- i, $$4$$- d- ii

$$1$$- c- iv, $$2$$- d- iii, $$3$$- b- i, $$4$$- a- ii

$$1$$- d- iii, $$2$$- a- iv, $$3$$- b- i, $$4$$- c- ii

$$2$$- d- iii, $$1$$- c- iv, $$3$$- a- ii, $$4$$- b- iv

Solution

Leydig cells or interstitial cells are present in seminiferous tubules and produce testosterone in the presence of the luteinizing hormone.
Sertoli cell is the "nurse" cell of the testes and is located in the seminiferous tubule. They are somatic cells located within the germinal epithelium. Its main function is to nourish the developing sperm, hence, called "nurse" cells.
Granulosa cell, also called follicular cell is closely associated with the developing female gamete or the egg in the ovary of mammals.

Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum in the cortex of the ovary. It helps to maintain the pregnancy.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Question 2
1 / -0

In humans, what is the ratio of the number of gametes produced from one male primary sex cell to the number of gametes produced from one female primary sex cell?

A
1:3

B
1:4

C
3:1

D
4:1

Solution

Four viable sperm cells are produced from one primary sex cell during the process of spermatogenesis, where as only one viable egg cell is produced during the process of oogenesis, due to the unequal division of cytoplasm and the formation of polar bodies, which wither and die. Therefore correct ratio is 4:1.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
1 / -0

The sperm produces substances of enzymatic nature of sperm lysins. In mammals it is called

A
Hyaluronidase

B
Androgamone

C
Cryanogamone

D
None of the above
Solution
- Ovum is surrounded by multiple layers of granulosa cells known as corona radiata.
- Sperm enters ovum by penetrating these multiple layers.
- Hyaluronidase and proteolytic enzymes present in acromosme of sperm help in this penetration of sperm.
So, the correct option is 'Hyaluronidase'.
Question 4
1 / -0

For a primary spermatocyte in which 2n=16. What will be the total number of chromatids in each of the secondary spermatocytes?

A
32

B
8

C
16

D
24
Solution
- Diploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis I and produce two secondary spermatocytes with chromosome numbers reduced to half.
- Each haploid secondary spermatocytes will have 8 chromosomes. However, chromatids, as produced by DNA replication during S phase, are still attached to the parental chromosome at the centromere.
- So, each secondary spermatocyte will have 16 chromatids.
  Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

Mention of transformation event of immature sperm to matured spermatozoa. State the specific location of sertoli cell within testis.

A
Seminiferous tubules

B
Epididymis

C
Tunica albuginea

D
None of the above

Solution

The seminiferous tubules in testes are made up of germ cells, sertoli cell. During gametogenesis, germ cells or spermatogonia in seminiferous tubule produce immature sperm by the process of spermatogenesis. After spermatogenesis, mature sperms are finally released from the sertoli cells of seminiferous tubules by the process called as spermiation. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one of the following statements with regard to embryonic development in humans is correct?

A
Cleavage divisions bring about considerable increase in the mass of protoplasm.

B
In the second cleavage division, one of the two blastomeres usually divides a little sooner than the second.

C
With more cleavage divisions, the resultant blastomeres become larger and larger.

D
Cleavage division results in a hollow ball of cells called morula.

Solution

Cleavage is a series of mitotic cell divisions that increase the number of cells but does not change the size of the original mass.
During embryonic development of human, in the second cleavage division, one of the two blastomeres usually divides a little sooner then the second.
Interphase in cleavage divisions is short and does not involve growth so that the resulting blastomeres become smaller and smaller as their number increases.
Cleavage division results in a hollow ball of cells called blastocyst. A morula is distinct from a blastocyst in that a morula (3-4 days post fertilization) is an 8 cell mass in a spherical shape whereas a blastocyst (4-5 days post fertilization) has a cavity inside the zona pellucida along with an inner cell mass.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
1 / -0

The secretions of these accessory glands in urethra of male rabbit neutralizes the urinary residue and vaginal acidity.

A
Rectal glands

B
Prostate glands

C
Perineal glands

D
Cowper's glands

Solution

The male reproductive organs in Rabbits include a pair of testes, a pair of epididymes, a pair of vasa deferentia, urethra, penis and some accessory glands- prostrate gland, cowper gland, perineal gland and rectal gland. These sex glands open into the urethra pf the male and the secretions from these glands together with those of epididymes and uterus masculinus, constitute the seminal fluid or semen. The Cowper's gland lie in pair posterior to the prostrate glands and dorsally at the base of the penis. The secretion of this accessory gland neutralizes acidity for the protection of spermatozoa.
Question 8
1 / -0

In the development of a frog embryo, Which of the following would be the speman's primary organizer?

A
Dorsal ectoderm

B
Dorsal lip of the blastopore

C
Archenteron

D
Neural tube

E
Notochord

Solution

Embryogenesis is the process by which an embryo is formed and developed.
This process starts with the fertilization of the egg cell by the sperm cell and once fertilized, a diploid cell zygote is formed. The zygote further undergoes mitotic divisions or cleavages and cellular differentiation which develops into a multicellular embryo. German embryologist Hans Spemann and his student Hilde Mangold (1924) performed transplantation experiment on amphibians leading them to the concept of organizers. An organizer in embryology refers to the morphogenetic effect by which one organic tissue transmits a chemical substance that influences another embryonic part to produce a structure that otherwise could not come into existence. Their experiments showed that the dorsal lip of blastopore forms neural groove, notochord, mesoderm etc and is thus known as the Specman's primary organizer
Question 9
1 / -0

The correct sequence of events during embryonic development is

A
Cleavage - differentiation - fertilization - gastrulation

B
Differentiation - fertilization - gastrulation - cleavage

C
Fertilization - cleavage - gastrulation - differentiation

D
Fertilization - differentiation - cleavage - gastrulation

E
Fertilization - gastrulation - differentiation - cleavage

Solution

Fertilization is fusion of male and female gamete. Immediately after fertilization, the embryological process that transforms single celled zygote into a hollow spherical multicellular blastula is referred to as cleavage. Cells of the blastula undergo gastrulation and form and segregate specific layers of tissue, called germ layers. The embryological strcture with three germ layers is termed as gastrula. These three germ layers then divide and differentiate into various organs. Correct sequence of events is fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation and differentiation.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

Select the correct pair of the germ layer and structure arises from it.
I. Femur
II. Brainstem
III. Lungs

A
I = endoderm; II = ectoderm; III = mesoderm

B
I = endoderm; II = mesoderm; III = ectoderm

C
I = ectoderm; II = endoderm; III = mesoderm

D
I = mesoderm; II = endoderm; III = ectoderm

E
I = mesoderm; II = ectoderm; III = endoderm

Solution

From paraxial mesoderm: Dermatome gives rise to connective tissue of the dermis and mMyotome gives rise to limb muscles.
From lateral plate mesoderm: Bones of arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg and foot
blood vessels and other connective tissue are formed.
Ectoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The ectoderm differentiates to form the nervous system, tooth enamel and the epidermis (the outer part of integument). It also forms the lining of mouth, anus, nostrils, sweat glands, hair, and nails.
Lungs arise from endoderm. Endoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early human embryo.
So, the correct answer is option E.

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Human Reproduction Test - 90

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Human Reproduction Test - 90

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

$$2$$- a- iii, $$1$$- c- iv, $$3$$- b- i, $$4$$- d- ii

$$1$$- c- iv, $$2$$- d- iii, $$3$$- b- i, $$4$$- a- ii

$$1$$- d- iii, $$2$$- a- iv, $$3$$- b- i, $$4$$- c- ii

$$2$$- d- iii, $$1$$- c- iv, $$3$$- a- ii, $$4$$- b- iv

Solution

Question 2

1:3

1:4

3:1

4:1

Solution

Question 3

Hyaluronidase

Androgamone

Cryanogamone

None of the above

Solution

Question 4

32

8

16

24

Solution

Question 5

Seminiferous tubules

Epididymis

Tunica albuginea

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

Cleavage divisions bring about considerable increase in the mass of protoplasm.

In the second cleavage division, one of the two blastomeres usually divides a little sooner than the second.

With more cleavage divisions, the resultant blastomeres become larger and larger.

Cleavage division results in a hollow ball of cells called morula.

Solution

Question 7

Rectal glands

Prostate glands

Perineal glands

Cowper's glands

Solution

Question 8

Dorsal ectoderm

Dorsal lip of the blastopore

Archenteron

Neural tube

Notochord

Solution

Question 9

Cleavage - differentiation - fertilization - gastrulation

Differentiation - fertilization - gastrulation - cleavage

Fertilization - cleavage - gastrulation - differentiation

Fertilization - differentiation - cleavage - gastrulation

Fertilization - gastrulation - differentiation - cleavage

Solution

Question 10

I = endoderm; II = ectoderm; III = mesoderm

I = endoderm; II = mesoderm; III = ectoderm

I = ectoderm; II = endoderm; III = mesoderm

I = mesoderm; II = endoderm; III = ectoderm

I = mesoderm; II = ectoderm; III = endoderm

Solution

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