Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 27

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Question 1
1 / -0

In sickle cell anaemia, the death is caused when the lethal genes are present in

A
Heterozygous condition

B
Homozygous dominant condition

C
Homozygous recessive condition

D
Co-dominant condition
Question 2
1 / -0

How many different types of gametes can be formed by $$F_1$$ progeny, resulting from the following cross?
AABBCC x aabbcc

A
8

B
1

C
27

D
64

Solution

In a cross between AABBCC and aabbcc, the progeny obtained in $$F_1$$ generation is AaBbCc only. This produce eight different types of gametes.
For different type of gametes in $$F_1$$ generation = $$2^n$$ (n = number of traits),
In AaBbCc, n = 3
So, $$2^3$$ = 8
Hence, the correct answer is option A, i.e., 8.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which one of the following best describe polygenic inheritance?

A
ABO blood group in human and flower colour of Mirabilis jalapa

B
Hair pigment of mouse and tongue rolling in human

C
Human eye colour and sickel-cell anaemia

D
Human height and colour of skin and eyes

Solution

In polygenic inheritance, several sets of alleles may produce cumulative effect on the same character, i.e., human height and colour of skin and eye.
ABO group in human is an example of codominance, whereas flower colour of 4 O' clock plant is an example of incomplete dominance.
Hair pigmental mouse is an example of recessive epistasis, Sickle-cell anaemia is an example of codominance.
Question 4
1 / -0

The gene of haemophilia is present on X chromosome. If a hemophilic male marries a normal female, the probability of their son being hemophilic is

A
Nil

B
25%

C
50%

D
100%
Solution
- The mother is normal having the genotype $$X$$ $$X$$. The father is affected having the genotype X$$^h$$Y.
- The child receives one set of chromosomes from the mother and one set from the father.
- The child for being a male should receive the $$X$$ chromosome from mother and $$Y$$ chromosome from the father which will result the genotype of $$X$$$$Y$$.
- So, there are no chances that the child will be hemophilic.
- Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

What is a mutation?

A
Sudden change in morphology

B
Change in characters

C
Change in heritable characters

D
None of the above

Solution

Mutation is defined as the sudden heritable change in the germplasm. It was explained for the first time by Hugo-de Vries.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one of the following symbols and its representation, used in human pedigree analysis is correct?

A

B

C

D
Solution
- In human pedigree analysis, full-shaded symbols represent the affected individuals while the half-shaded stands for carriers.
- The square shape stands for a male individual while the circle stands for females. A diamond shape represents the unidentified sex. Hence, option A stands for affected unidentified sex, not for affected males.
- Option C stands for unaffected female, while option D stands for unaffected male.
- Mating between relatives is symbolized by connecting the circle and square with two horizontal lines.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
1 / -0

Sudden inheritable change is called as

A
Recombination

B
Mutation

C
Natural selection

D
Segregation

Solution

Mutations occur in genetic material and hence are inherited from one generation to the next. The majority of mutations are harmful and hence, usually not conserved for generations. However, a tiny fraction of them may be beneficial and these will be passed on through generations. Mutations are one of the fundamental causes of genetic variations in a population.
Question 8
1 / -0

Relative morphologies of chromosomes an individual indicate

his/her

A
Genotype

B
Phenotype

C
Pedigree chart

D
Karyotype

Solution

The character of the chromosomal complement with reference to the comparative size, shape and morphology of different chromosomes.
Question 9
1 / -0

The mutation (mechanism of origin of variations) was suggested by

A
Mendel

B
Darwin

C
Lamarck

D
De Vries

Solution

Mutation was explained by Hugo de Vries. A mutation is a change of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus or extrachromosomal genetic element.
Question 10
1 / -0

The functional unit of mutation is a

A
Gene

B
Muton

C
Recon

D
Cistron

Solution

Muton is the smallest hereditary element that can be altered by mutation. It is the functional unit of mutation.
Cistron is a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons.
Recon is a unit of recombination.
Gene is a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 27

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 27

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Heterozygous condition

Homozygous dominant condition

Homozygous recessive condition

Co-dominant condition

Question 2

8

1

27

64

Solution

Question 3

ABO blood group in human and flower colour of Mirabilis jalapa

Hair pigment of mouse and tongue rolling in human

Human eye colour and sickel-cell anaemia

Human height and colour of skin and eyes

Solution

Question 4

Nil

25%

50%

100%

Solution

Question 5

Sudden change in morphology

Change in characters

Change in heritable characters

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

Solution

Question 7

Recombination

Mutation

Natural selection

Segregation

Solution

Question 8

Genotype

Phenotype

Pedigree chart

Karyotype

Solution

Question 9

Mendel

Darwin

Lamarck

De Vries

Solution

Question 10

Gene

Muton

Recon

Cistron

Solution

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