Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 31

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Question 1
1 / -0

Hybrid breakdown refers to the condition when offsprings are physiologically inferior to which of the following generations?

A
F$$_{1}$$

B
F$$_{2}$$

C
P$$_{1}$$

D
All of the above
Solution
- The hybrid breakdown is a reduction in fitness as seen in the grandchildren of the two individuals from separate gene pools that participated in the hybridization event to begin with.
- Hybrid breakdown, in other words, is something that happens to the offspring of hybrids rather than to hybrids themselves.
- As a result of hybrid breakdown, the F$$_2$$ generation will become inferior to F$$_1$$ generation.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

Hybrid vigour is a possibility after

A
Clonal selection

B
Species differentiation

C
Crossing two plants

D
None of the above

Solution

Increase in the level of production traits, due to crossing, is called as hybrid vigour, which is also known as 'heterosis'. Increased heterozygosity is the major cause for hybrid vigour. It cannot be predicted. It is a 'trial and error' method.
Question 3
1 / -0

If the cells of an organism heterozygous for two pairs of characters viz. Aa and Bb undergo meiosis, what will be the genotypes of the gametes produced?

A
Aa and Bb

B
AB, aB, Ab and ab

C
aB and Ab

D
Ab and ab

Solution

Independent assortment mainly deals with the expression of independent expression of the allele. Aa Bb undergoes meiosis to produce gametes by independent assortment. The possible gametes are AB, Ab, aB and ab.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 4
1 / -0

H.J. Muller received Nobel prize for

A
Inducing X-ray mutations

B
Discovering the linkage of genes

C
Proving that the DNA is a genetic material

D
His studies on Drosophila for genetic study

Solution

Hermann Joseph Muller was an American geneticist, educator, and Nobel laureate best known for his work on the physiological and genetic effects of radiation as well as his outspoken political beliefs. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946 was awarded to Hermann J. Muller "for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation".
Question 5
1 / -0

A human male produces sperms with the genotypes AB, Ab, aB, and ab pertaining to two diallelic characters in equal proportions. What is the corresponding genotype of the person?

A
AaBb

B
AaBB

C
AABb

D
AABB

Solution

If the genotype is AaBb the alleles that will be produced will be AB, Ab, aB, ab, since there are two diallelic characters in the genotypes the person must be heterozygous for both genes. AABB is homozygous. So, the correct answer is "AaBb".
Question 6
1 / -0

What will be the ratio in F$$_2$$ generation, if red-flowered variety of Mirabilis jalapa is crossed with white-flowered variety?

A
1 : 1 : 1 : 1

B
1 : 2 : 1

C
2 : 1

D
3 : 1

Solution

Incomplete dominance is a form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other allele. This results in a third phenotype in which the expressed physical trait is a combination of the dominant and recessive phenotypes.
So, the correct answer is '1:2:1'
Question 7
1 / -0

The material for organic evolution is

A
Effect of hormones

B
Nutritive value

C
Mutation

D
Asexual reproduction

Solution

Mutation is sudden, discontinuous variation in genotype and phenotype of an organism due to change in chromosomes and genes. In addition to recombination, mutation is another phenomenon that leads to variation in DNA. A point mutation is a change of a single base pair in DNA. Some mutations involve changes in the whole set of chromosomes (polyploidy) or change in a subset of chromosome number (aneuploidy). So, the material for organic evolution is mutation because mutation leads to evolution.
So, the correct answer is 'Mutation'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Mendel found that the reciprocal crosses yielded identical results. From that he concluded that

A
There is independent assortment of trait.

B
Sex plays a role in deciding the dominance of a trait.

C
There is no dominance of any trait.

D
Sex has no influence on the dominance of traits.
Solution
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A reciprocal cross is one where the phenotype of both parental sexes is reversed as compared to the original cross. It is done to determine the role of parental sex on inheritance pattern
Such a cross when done by Mendel it was found that the results for both, the original and the reciprocal cross were similar.
Hence, proving that sex does not influence on the dominance of traits.
Question 9
1 / -0

When an albino female plant of maize is crossed with normal green male plant, all plants in the progeny are albino because

A
Plastids are inherited through maternal plants.

B
Albinism is dominant over green character.

C
The crossing results in structural changes in green plastids.

D
Green plastids of male parents become mutated.

Solution

Maternal characters are the characters related to mother. If albino female plant is the mother plant during crossing, the progenies which are albinic in nature shows clearly that plastids are inherited through maternal plants. Plastids are the organelles in cells which contain pigments and are thus related to albinism.
Question 10
1 / -0

A mutation from a wild type to a mutant is called as

A
Reverse mutation

B
Frame-shift mutation

C
Gibberish mutation

D
Forward mutation

Solution

A forward mutation is a mutation which changes a wild type allele into a new allele (for example, a mutation in one of the genes coding for color producing enzymes may change a wild type (normal color) allele into an albino allele).

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 31

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 31

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

F$$_{1}$$

F$$_{2}$$

P$$_{1}$$

All of the above

Solution

Question 2

Clonal selection

Species differentiation

Crossing two plants

None of the above

Solution

Question 3

Aa and Bb

AB, aB, Ab and ab

aB and Ab

Ab and ab

Solution

Question 4

Inducing X-ray mutations

Discovering the linkage of genes

Proving that the DNA is a genetic material

His studies on Drosophila for genetic study

Solution

Question 5

AaBb

AaBB

AABb

AABB

Solution

Question 6

1 : 1 : 1 : 1

1 : 2 : 1

2 : 1

3 : 1

Solution

Question 7

Effect of hormones

Nutritive value

Mutation

Asexual reproduction

Solution

Question 8

There is independent assortment of trait.

Sex plays a role in deciding the dominance of a trait.

There is no dominance of any trait.

Sex has no influence on the dominance of traits.

Solution

Question 9

Plastids are inherited through maternal plants.

Albinism is dominant over green character.

The crossing results in structural changes in green plastids.

Green plastids of male parents become mutated.

Solution

Question 10

Reverse mutation

Frame-shift mutation

Gibberish mutation

Forward mutation

Solution

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