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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 32

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 32
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The concept of sudden genetic change which breeds true in a species is represented as
    Solution
    The concept of sudden genetic change which breeds true in a species is represented as mutation. Mutation is sudden, discontinuous variation in genotype and phenotype of an organism due to change in chromosomes and genes. In addition to recombination, mutation is another phenomenon that leads to variation in DNA. A point mutation is a change of a single base pair in DNA. Some mutations involve changes in whole set of chromosomes (polyploidy) or change in a subset of chromosome number (aneuploidy).
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    A normal metaphase chromosome with a middle centromere is

                                         or

    Chromosomes whose arms are equal are called 
    Solution
    In metacentric chromosome centromere is present in the middle so, these chromosomes are isobrachial. In anaphase the chromosome appear V shaped.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited disease which refers to
    Solution
    Phenylketonuria is the genetically inherited disease. It occurs due to deficiency of an enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase which catalyses the conversion of amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosin. This results in the increased level of phenylalanine in the blood at the same time it starts depositing in various body tissue. 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Sickle cell anaemia is more common in South Africa. This is due to
    Solution
    Sickle cell aneamia is caused by a single gene mutation in the sixth place of /3 - chain of haemoglobin where glutamic acid is replaced by valine.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Defect in amino acid metabolism may results in 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Pleiotropy is a condition in which a single gene
    Solution
    Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits, an example being phenylketonuria, which is a human disease that affects multiple systems but is caused by one gene defect.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Chromosomal theory of inheritance was based on which of the following?
    Solution
    • The chromosomal theory of inheritance was developed by Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri through their independent studies and experiments conducted in 1902. 
    • According to the theory, the genes are located on chromosomes, and chromosomes segregate and assort independently. 

    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Heterogametic male condition does not occur in ?
    Solution
    In birds, the ZW sex determination is followed. Here, the females are heterogametic sex (ZW) while the males are homogametic sex (ZZ).
    On the other hand, humans have XY system of sex determination where males are heterogametic (XY) while females are homogametic (XX).
    In honey bee, the sex is determined by the fertilisation or non-fertilization of eggs, i.e., by haplodiploidy wherein the males develop from unfertilized eggs and are haploid in nature and the females develop from fertilised eggs and are diploid in nature.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is associated with multiple phenotypes?
    Solution
    Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits, an example being phenylketonuria, which is a human disease that affects multiple systems but is caused by one gene defect.
    So, the correct answer is 'pleiotropy'.

  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    In a pedigree analysis, what does '=' represent?
    Solution
    Consanguinity is the quality of being descended from the same ancestor as another person. 
    Thus, consanguineous mating is the sexual relationship between descendants of the same ancestors. For example- marriage between first cousins as in Islam.  

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