Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 38

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which one of the following pairs consists of both recessive traits in Pisum sativum as studied by Mendel?

A
Dwarf plant and axil flower position

B
Constricted pod shape and round seed shape

C
Green seed colour and terminal flower position

D
White flower and yellow seed colour
Solution
Mendel reveals that there are seven different traits:
1. Pea shape (round- dominant; wrinkled- recessive)
2. Seed color (yellow- dominant; green- recessive)
3. Pod shape (inflated- dominant; constricted- recessive)
4. Pod color (green- dominant; yellow- recessive)
5. Flower color (purple- dominant; white- recessive)
6. Plant size (tall- dominant; dwarf- recessive)
7. Position of flowers (axial- dominant; terminal- recessive)
  Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
1 / -0

Rarely observed phenotype in population is called as

A
Wild type

B
Mutant type

C
Variant type

D
All of the above

Solution

A mutant is an organism or a new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is a base pair sequence change within the DNA of a gene or chromosome of an organism. The natural occurrence of genetic mutations in integral to the process of evolution. The study of mutants is an integral part of Biology; by understanding the effect that a mutation in a gene has, it is possible to establish the normal function of that gene. The term 'wild type' refers to a strain, organism or gene that is predominant in the wild population
So, the correct answer is 'Mutant type'
Question 3
1 / -0

Sickle cell anemia has not been eliminated from the African population because it

A
Is controlled by dominant genes

B
Is controlled by recessive genes

C
Is not a fatal disease

D
Provides immunity against malaria

E
Both B and D

Solution

According to Hardy Weinberg law, the composition of dominant and recessive genes would always remain the same. However, their frequency homozygosity may change. Moreover, the recessive genes would continue to play their role as their carriers and hence, continue in a population in certain parts of Africa today. The frequency of the mutant gene for sickle cell (HbS) is very high (5-20%). It is logical to think that natural selection would have eliminated the gene from the population.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that slightly alters the structure of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying protein in red blood cells. This modified hemoglobin, when not carrying oxygen, tends to clump with other deoxygenated hemoglobin, deforming red blood cells and causing blood to clot throughout the body. The disease is prevalent in Africa where incidence of malaria is high because sickle cell anemia imparts some resistance to malaria.
Question 4
1 / -0

How many types of gametes are produced in $$F_1$$ generation of a trihybrid?

A
3

B
4

C
8

D
16

Solution

If it is a trihybrid; n = 3.
Number of gametes that could be produced can be calculated by the formula: 2$$^n$$. Thus, number of gametes could be formed : 2$$^3$$ = 8.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

The cross between recessive to it's hybrid or it's $$F_1$$ plant is called as

A
Back cross

B
Test cross

C
Monohybrid cross

D
Dihybrid cross

Solution

The test cross is another fundamental tool devised by Gregor Mendel. In its simplest form, a test cross is an experimental cross of an individual organism of dominant phenotype but unknown genotype and an organism with a homozygous recessive genotype (and phenotype).
Question 6
1 / -0

Back cross is a cross between

A
$$F_1 \times F_1$$

B
$$F_1 \times$$ Recessive

C
$$F_1 \times$$ Dominant

D
$$F_1 \times$$ any parent

Solution

Backcrossing can be defined as a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not correct for sickle cell anaemia?

A
Sixth amino acid (from NH$$_2$$ terminus) of $$\beta$$-chain is glutamic acid.

B
Erthrocytes elongates and form sickle shaped cells.

C
Individual homozygous for haemoglobin S allele.

D
Beta chain of haemoglobin S contains valine.

Solution

Sickle cell disease is a group of disorders that affects hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body. People with this disorder have a typical hemoglobin molecules called hemoglobin S, which can distort red blood cells into a sickle, or crescent, shape.The gene defect is a known mutation of a single nucleotide (A to T) of the -globin gene, which results in glutamic acid being substituted by valine at position 6. Haemoglobin S with this mutation is referred to as HbS, as opposed to the normal adult HbA. The genetic disorder is due to the mutation of a single nucleotide, from a GAG to GTG codon on the coding strand, which is transcribed from the template strand into a GUG codon.
So, the correct answer is 'Sixth amino acid (from NH
2 terminus) of β-chain is glutamic acid.'
Question 8
1 / -0

Haploids are more suitable for mutation studies than the diploids. This is because

A
Haploids are reproductively more stable than diploids.

B
Mutagens penetrate in haploids more effectively than in diploids.

C
Haploids are more abundant in nature than diploids.

D
All mutations whether dominant or recessive are expressed in haploids.

Solution

Haploids have only one allele for a particular trait. This allele (either dominant or recessive) always expresses itself in absence of the other allele. Thus, all mutations whether dominant or recessive are expressed in haploids.
Question 9
1 / -0

A test cross is carried out to

A
Determine the genotype of a plant at F$${_2}$$

B
Predict whether two traits are linked

C
Assess the number of alleles of a gene

D
Determine whether two species or varieties breed successfully
Solution
Correct Answer- A
Explanation-
Test cross is the crossing of an F$$_1$$ progeny with a homozygous recessive parental progeny is done in order to determine whether the progeny is homozygous or heterozygous for a character under consideration. This is called a test cross.
Those that are heterozygous will have one dominant and one recessive allele individuals and those that are homozygous dominant will have two dominant alleles, and those that are homozygous recessive will have two recessive alleles.
Hence, the correct option is A.
Question 10
1 / -0

How many types of gametes are expected from the organism with genotype AABBCC?

A
One

B
Two

C
Four

D
Eight

Solution

Gametes that could be produced from AABBCC is ABC. Only one type of gamete could be produced by this genotype.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 38

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 38

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Dwarf plant and axil flower position

Constricted pod shape and round seed shape

Green seed colour and terminal flower position

White flower and yellow seed colour

Solution

Question 2

Wild type

Mutant type

Variant type

All of the above

Solution

Question 3

Is controlled by dominant genes

Is controlled by recessive genes

Is not a fatal disease

Provides immunity against malaria

Both B and D

Solution

Question 4

3

4

8

16

Solution

Question 5

Back cross

Test cross

Monohybrid cross

Dihybrid cross

Solution

Question 6

$$F_1 \times F_1$$

$$F_1 \times$$ Recessive

$$F_1 \times$$ Dominant

$$F_1 \times$$ any parent

Solution

Question 7

Sixth amino acid (from NH$$_2$$ terminus) of $$\beta$$-chain is glutamic acid.

Erthrocytes elongates and form sickle shaped cells.

Individual homozygous for haemoglobin S allele.

Beta chain of haemoglobin S contains valine.

Solution

Question 8

Haploids are reproductively more stable than diploids.

Mutagens penetrate in haploids more effectively than in diploids.

Haploids are more abundant in nature than diploids.

All mutations whether dominant or recessive are expressed in haploids.

Solution

Question 9

Determine the genotype of a plant at F$${_2}$$

Predict whether two traits are linked

Assess the number of alleles of a gene

Determine whether two species or varieties breed successfully

Solution

Question 10

One

Two

Four

Eight

Solution

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