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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 53

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 53
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    According to the chromosomal theory of inheritance, the genes are located on the chromosomes ............. manner.
    Solution
    The chromosomal theory of inheritance was proposed by Mendel. This theory states that there are certain factors which are passed on from one generation to the next in pairs which are present on the homologous chromosomes. The genes are arranged in a linear manner on the chromosomes. The genes are present along the length of the chromosome. The two homologous chromosomes form a pair only during cell division. The image shows location of the genes on certain chromosomes in Drosophila.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Double lines in pedigree analysis show
    Solution
    Consanguineous marriage is a marriage between two blood-related individuals. A double line between parents indicates consanguineous marriages (between blood relatives). It increases the chance of a birth defect.
    Thus, the correct answer is an option B.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    According to chromosomal theory of inheritance, the inheritance of genes depends upon
    Solution
    The chromosomal theory of inheritance was proposed by Mendel. This theory supports that the genes exist as contrasting pair if characters which are inherited from one generation to the next. The inheritance of the genes depends upon the distance between the two genes on the same chromosome. These genes are known as the linked genes which are always inherited together. The inheritance also depends on the loci of the genes and their position on same or different chromosomes. There are more chances that the genes which are located close to each other will not undergo recombination and will be inherited together.
    Thus, the correct 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Boveri conducted studies related to chromosomal theory of inheritance on
    Solution
    The chromosomal theory of inheritance proposed by Mendel has been supported by Sutton and Boveri. Boveri conducted experiments on the sea urchins. He discovered that it is necessary for the chromosomes to be present in the organism for normal development. The embryonic development of the organisms was studied by Boveri and concluded that the genes on the chromosomes are necessary. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    According to the chromosomal theory of inheritance, chromosomal genes exist in pairs in .............. type of cell.
    Solution
    The chromosomal theory of inheritance proposed by Mendel states that there are genes which are passed on from one generation to the next in pairs. There are two alleles for a gene which are present on the homologous chromosomes. One of the alleles is obtained from the mother and the other allele is obtained from the father. These alleles represent the contrasting pair for the same character. When there are two homologous set of chromosomes, the cell is diploid. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Mendelian factors and chromosomes maintain their ............. from generation to generation.
    Solution
    The chromosomal theory of inheritance proposed by Mendel states that there are genes which are passed on from one generation to the next in contrasting pairs on the homologous chromosomes. The genes were called as Mendelian factors. These factors can segregate and individually assort themselves. This enables the factors to maintain their individuality and stability in their expression. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following theory is dependent on the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
    Solution
    Mendel studied the inheritance of the characters from one generation to the next. He proposed the theories which explain the basis of inheritance. There are three laws which are known as the chromosomal theory of inheritance. He also explained that the process of genetic recombination occurs during the formation of gametes in meiotic cell division. The inheritance and recombination are the events which are dependent on the chromosomal theory of inheritance.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The two genes located on separate chromosome produce .............. recombinants.
    Solution
    Genes that are located on different chromosomes show a recombination frequency of 50%. These genes show independent assortment. If the genes are present on the same chromosome, they undergo more than one crossovers in every meiosis. The genes present on same chromosomes undergo multiple cross over per meiosis owing to the demonstrable distance between the two. The tightly linked genes on a chromosome show the recombination frequency of nearly 0%.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The given diagram supports which of the following theory?

    Solution
    There are three laws proposed by Mendel known as the chromosomal theory of inheritance, law of dominance, law of independent assortment and law of segregation. The diagram shows the selfing of the F$$_1$$ generation plants to obtain te F$$_2$$ generation. There are different plants developed like green pods with yellow seeds, green pods with green seeds, the yellow pod with yellow seeds and yellow pod with green seeds. These different sorting of the characters are due to the independent assortment of the characters during the gamete formation. This supports the law of independent assortment. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct statement.
    A) Chromosomal theory of inheritance supports dominance.
    B) Chromosomes are the hereditary unit which exists with multiple characters known as an allele.
    C) The Mendelian factor is located on the chromosomes.
    Solution
    The law of dominance is the first law of chromosomal inheritance which states that whenever the dominant allele is present, the dominant allele will express itself. The expression of the recessive allele is suppressed in the presence of dominant allele. 
    The chromosomes were considered as the hereditary unit. There are factors known as genes. There are alleles which are alternative form of genes which are located on the chromosomes and are inherited to the next generation. These alleles are responsible for the expression of the character. 
    The genes were said to be Mendelian factors. These factors are present along the length of the chromosomes.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
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