Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 60

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Question 1
1 / -0

In humans, height shows a lot of variation. It is an example of

A
Multiple alleles

B
Pleiotropic inheritance

C
Polygenic inheritance

D
Pseudoalleles

Solution

A.Multiple alleles - Presence of more than two alleles for a gene is called Mutliple alleles. These are present on the same locus of homologous chromosomes. eg: ABO blood group in Man

B.Pleiotropic inheritance – The ability of a gene to have a multiple phenotypic effects is known as pleiotrophy and the gene is called Pleiotropic gene and the inheritance is called Pleiotropic inheritance.

eg:Sickel cell anaemia

C.Polygenic inheritance – Inheritance is controlled by two or more genes in which the dominant alleles have cumulative effect, with each dominant allele expressing a part of functional polypeptide and full trait is shown when all the dominant alleles are present, is called Polygenic or Quantitative inheritance. Eg:Human height, skin colour.

D.Pseudoalleles – Genes are present together side by side and they produce related phenotypes are called pseudoalleles. These are distinguished from true alleles through rare crossing over.
So, the correct option is ‘polygenic inheritance’.
Question 2
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Mendel's work was rediscovered in

A
1756

B
1865

C
1900

D
1910

Solution

Mendel’s work was rediscovered by Hugo de Vries, T.Correns, and Carl Correns independently in 1900.
So, the correct answer is ‘1900’.
Question 3
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Which is connected with multiple phenotypes?

A
Epistasis

B
Pleiotropy

C
Polygenic inheritance

D
Mutations

Solution

The ability of a gene to have a multiple phenotypic effects is known as pleiotrophy and the gene is called Pleiotropic gene.
So, the correct option is ‘Pleiotrophy’.
Question 4
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Pleiotropic gene has

A
Multiple genotype

B
Single genotype

C
Single phenotype

D
Multiple phenotype
Solution
answer:
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Pleiotrophy is the ability of a gene to have many phenotypic effects or to impact a number of features at the same time, and these genes are known as Pleiotropic genes.
Pleiotropy arises when a single gene affects numerous, seemingly unrelated phenotypic qualities.
Phenylketonuria, for example, is a human disease that affects multiple systems but is caused by a single gene deficiency.
Hence, Pleiotropic gene has multiple phenotype.
Question 5
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Addition of individual chromosomes is mutation called

A
Polyploidy

B
Structural mutation

C
Polysomy

D
Point mutation

Solution

Polysomy is a condition found in many species, including fungi, plants, insects, and mammals, in which an organism has at least one more chromosome than normal, i.e., there may be three or more copies of the chromosome rather than the expected two copies.

So, the correct answer is 'Polysomy'.
Question 6
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Gene with multiple effects is

A
Codominant

B
Pleiotropic

C
Epistatic

D
Supplementary

Solution

A.Codominant – appearance of genotypes of both parents in the progeny is called codominance.

B.Pleiotropic - The ability of a gene to have a multiple phenotypic effects is known as pleiotrophy and the gene is called Pleiotropic gene.

C.Epistatic - A gene which masks the action of another gene is termed as epistasis. The gene is called epistatic gene and the gene whose effect is masked is termed as hypostatic gene.

D.Supplementary - genes which include two pairs of non-allelic genes. Both of them are involved in affecting the same character. Out of the non-allelic genes, one gene is dominant and can express by itself. Second gene is also dominant but expresses only when it is supported by the presence of the first gene.
So, the correct option is ‘Pleiotropic’.
Question 7
1 / -0

$$F_2$$ generation is produced by

A
Crossing $$F_1$$ progeny with one of the parents

B
Selfing the progeny of two individual parents

C
Selfing the parents

D
Recessive cross between individual parents

Solution

In the hybridization experiments, crossing of parents, yields F₁ generation.
F₁ generation on selfing yields F₂ generation.
Question 8
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Correct reason for Mendel's success was

A
He repeated each experiment several times

B
Traits chosen by him had genes far apart so that linkage was absent

C
He kept record of all experiments

D
He used statistical techniques

Solution

He chose garden pea that was easy to grow and to hybridise artificailly.

The plant reproduce well and grows to maturity in a single season.

Mendel then chose to follow seven visible features(unit characters), each represented by two contrasting forms or traits.

Mendel was fortunate in choosing a diploid plant because diploid organisms contain only two sets of chromosomes.

A singe alteration in a trait was therefore demonstrated by a visible differences between varieites.

He restricted his examination to one or very few pairs of contrasting traits in each experiment.

He also kept accurate quatitative records, a necessity in genetic experiments.

In his experiments, no appearance of recombinations and linkage.
So, the correct option is ‘Traits chosed by him had genes far apart so that linkage was absent’.
Question 9
1 / -0

Male XX and female XY develop sometimes due to _______________.

A
Hormonal imbalance

B
Aneuploidy

C
Deletion

D
Transfer of segments between X and Y

Solution

The condition is of two types, true and pseudo. Pseudo develops due to hormonal imbalance. True one is due to transfer of segments.
So the correct option is D.
Question 10
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Find out the incorrect statement:

A
There are several pairs of contrasting characters of allotrophic traits

B
Hybrids remain infertile

C
Plants can be self fertilized

D
Small herbaceous plants can be easily cultivated.

Solution

A.There are several pairs of contrasting characters of allotrophic traits – True, because in living organism, many characters are present in allelotrophic state.

B.Hybrids are infertile – False, because, mostly hybrids are fertile.

C.Plants can be self fertilized – True – because self pollinated plants, self fertilization occurs.

D.Small herbaceous plants can be easily cultivated – True, because, they require small space or area, and the process of cultivation is very simple.
So, the correct option is B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 60

Result

Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 60

Score

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Multiple alleles

Pleiotropic inheritance

Polygenic inheritance

Pseudoalleles

Solution

Question 2

1756

1865

1900

1910

Solution

Question 3

Epistasis

Pleiotropy

Polygenic inheritance

Mutations

Solution

Question 4

Multiple genotype

Single genotype

Single phenotype

Multiple phenotype

Solution

Question 5

Polyploidy

Structural mutation

Polysomy

Point mutation

Solution

Question 6

Codominant

Pleiotropic

Epistatic

Supplementary

Solution

Question 7

Crossing $$F_1$$ progeny with one of the parents

Selfing the progeny of two individual parents

Selfing the parents

Recessive cross between individual parents

Solution

Question 8

He repeated each experiment several times

Traits chosen by him had genes far apart so that linkage was absent

He kept record of all experiments

He used statistical techniques

Solution

Question 9

Hormonal imbalance

Aneuploidy

Deletion

Transfer of segments between X and Y

Solution

Question 10

There are several pairs of contrasting characters of allotrophic traits

Hybrids remain infertile

Plants can be self fertilized

Small herbaceous plants can be easily cultivated.

Solution

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