Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 64

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Question 1
1 / -0

Moody describes mutation as

A
Factor

B
Saltation

C
Sport

D
Shotgun

Solution

According to Moody, mutation is a shotgun. It is an inheritable change in germplasm.

So, the correct answer is 'Shotgun'.
Question 2
1 / -0

In Drosophila female has a pair of chromosomes

A
ZZ

B
XX

C
YY

D
ZW

Solution

In Drosophila melanogaster there are 4 homologous pairs of chromosomes: 2 pairs of large autosomes, ( one slightly smaller than the other pair), 1 pair of very small autosomes, and a pair of sex chromosomes. Females normally have two X chromosomes; males have one X and one tiny Y chromosome.

So, the correct answer is 'XX'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Heterogamety or formation of two types of gametes is found in.

A
Male Drosophila

B
Female bird

C
Female Drosophila

D
Both A and B

Solution

Male Drosophila and Female bird are heterogametic with XY and ZW sex chromosomes respectively. Female Drosophila is homogametic with XX chromosomes.

So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which is correct?

A
Birds have ZZ(female) - ZW (male) sex determination

B
Drosophila has XX-XY sex determination

C
Henking discovered Y-chromosome

D
Grasshoppers show XX-XY sex determination
Solution
- Birds: Males are the homogametic sex (ZZ), while females are the heterogametic sex (ZW).
- Drosophila produces XX females and XY males, their chromosomes achieve these ends using very different means. In Drosophila, sex determination is achieved by a balance of female determinants on the X chromosome and male determinants on the autosomes.
- Hermann Paul August Otto Henking was a cytologist who discovered the X chromosome.
- In grasshoppers, males only have one X chromosome (X0), while females have two (XX).
So, the correct answer is 'Drosophila has XX-XY sex determination'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Walter Sutton is famous for his contribution to.

A
Chromosomal theory of inheritance

B
Genetic engineering

C
Totipotency

D
Quantitative genetics

Solution

In the spring of 1902, when he was only 25, Sutton deduced that chromosomes are the basis of heredity, and that the reduction of chromosomes in meiosis is directly related to Mendel's laws of inheritance.

So, the correct answer is 'Chromosomal theory of inheritance'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which condition zygotic cell will form normal human female child?

A
XX chromosomes

B
Y-chromosome

C
X-chromosome

D
XY chromosomes

Solution

Females have an XX pair of sex chromosomes, and males, an XY pair. If an egg is fertilized by an X-bearing sperm, the resulting embryo will have two X chromosomes (XX), and will grow into a baby girl.

So, the correct answer is 'XX chromosomes'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which one of the following symbols and is representation, used in human pedigree analysis is correct?

A

B

C

D

Solution

As learned in the Pedigree analysis in human genetics -
"In human genetics, the pedigree study provides a strong tool, which is utilized to trace the inheritance of a specific trait, abnormality or disease.- wherein some of the important symbols used in the pedigree analysis are shown.

So, the correct answer is 'D'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which is incorrect regarding pedigree analysis?

A
It helps to understand whether the trait in question is dominant or recessive

B
It confirms that the trait is linked to one of the autosomes

C
It helps to trace the inheritance of a specific trait

D
It confirms that DNA is the carrier of genetic information
Solution
- Pedigrees are used to analyze the pattern of inheritance of a particular trait throughout a family. Pedigrees show the presence or absence of a trait as it relates to the relationship among parents, offspring, and siblings.
- By analyzing a pedigree, we can determine genotypes, identify phenotypes, and predict how a trait will be passed on in the future. The information from a pedigree makes it possible to determine how certain alleles are inherited: whether they are dominant, recessive, autosomal, or sex-linked.
- The pedigree analysis does not confirm that DNA is the carrier of genetic information
So, the correct answer is 'It confirms that DNA is the carrier of genetic information'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Sex determination by chromosomes in human and Drosophila is through.

A
XX-XY

B
XX-XO

C
ZZ-ZW

D
Both A and B

Solution

Sex determination in human and Drosophila is through the XX-XY system where XX denotes female and XY denotes male.
So, the correct answer is 'XX-XY'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Sickle cell anaemia results due to mutation caused by

A
Substitution

B
Insertion

C
Deletion

D
Duplication

Solution

The mutation causing sickle cell anemia is a single nucleotide substitution (A to T) in the codon for amino acid 6. The change converts a glutamic acid codon (GAG) to a valine codon (GTG).

So, the correct answer is 'Substitution'.