Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 28

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched with regard to the codon and the amino acid coded by it?

A
UUA - Valine

B
AAA - Lysine

C
AUG - Cysteine

D
CCC - Alanine

Solution

Triplet codons will code for amino acid. AAA and AAG are the codons which code for lysine amino acid.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which one of the following correctly represents the manner of replication of DNA

A

B

C

D

Solution

The new strands of DNA are formed in the 5'- 3' direction from the 3' 5' template DNA by the addition of deoxyribonucleotides to the 3' end of primer RNA.
Question 3
1 / -0

Termination of chain growth in protein synthesis is brought about by

A
UUG, UGC, UCA

B
UCG, GCG, ACC

C
UAA, UAG, UGA

D
UUG, UAG, UCG

Solution

Termination of chain growth in protein synthesis is brought about by UAA, UAG, UGA. Translation starts with a chain initiation codon or start codon and terminates with a stop codon.
The three stop codons have been given names : UAG is amber, UGA is opal, and UAA is ochre. Stop codons are also called "termination" or "nonsense" codons.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which one of the following codons codes for the same information as UGC?

A
UGU

B
UGA

C
UAG

D
UGG

Solution

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. UGC and UGU codes for cystine amino acid.
Question 5
1 / -0

During protein synthesis in an organism, at one point the process comes to a halt. Select the group of the three codons from the following from which any one of the three could bring about this halt?

A
UUU, UCC, UAU

B
UUC, UAC

C
UAG, UGA, UAA

D
UUG, UCA, UCG

Solution

During protein synthesis in an organism, at one point the process comes to a halt which is brought about by the stop codons, which are UAG, UGA, UAA. Termination of chain growth in protein synthesis is brought about by UAA, UAG, UGA. The three stop codons have been given names : UAG is amber, UGA is opal, and UAA is ochre. Stop codons are also called "termination" or "nonsense" codons. They signal release of the nascent polypeptide from the ribosome because there is no cognate tRNA that has anticodons complementary to these stop signals, and so a release factor binds to the ribosome instead.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which scientist gave wobble hypothesis?

A
R. W. Holley

B
H. G. Khorana

C
M. Nirenberg

D
F. H. C. Crick

Solution

Crick (1966) proposed the wobble hypothesis, in order to solve apparent dilemma. According to this hypothesis, only the first two bases of the codon have a precise pairing with the bases of the anticodon of mRNA, while the pairing between the third bases of codon and anticodon may wobble.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
1 / -0

If the total amount of adenine and thymine in a double-stranded DNA is 45%, the amount of guanine in this DNA will be

A
22.5%

B
27.5%

C
45%

D
55%

Solution

In a DNA segment, the amount of adenine is equal to that of thymine. According to given information, adenine and thymine constitute 45% of DNA. So, guanine and cytosine will constitute 55%.
Amount of guanine is equal to cytosine. So, amount of guanine in DNA will be 55/2 = 27.5%.
Question 8
1 / -0

The total number of nitrogenous bases in human genom is estimated to be about

A
3.5 million

B
35 thousand

C
35 million

D
3.3 billion

Solution

Human genome has around 21,000 genes in its 3.3 billion base pairs haploid genome. The haploid DNA content of a cell is called as C-value. The C-value paradox is concerned with presence of excessive amounts of DNA in eukaryotic cells and the difference of C-value between eukaryotic species having similar complexity. Presence of large amount of base pairs is explained on the basis of large amount of structural DNA and junk DNA in chromosomes. Thus, correct answer is '3.3 billion'.
Question 9
1 / -0

The approximate number of genes contained in the genome of Kalpana Chawla was

A
40,000

B
30,000

C
80,000

D
1,00,000

Solution

Human genome has approximately 21,000 genes in its 3.3 billion base pairs haploid genome. The haploid DNA content of a cell is called C-value. C-value is constant for a species; thus all humans have around 21,000 genes. Presence of large amount of base pairs is explained on the basis of large amount of structural DNA and junk DNA in chromosomes. Thus option B is correct answer.
Question 10
1 / -0

AUG codes for

A
Valine

B
Histidine

C
Phenylalanine

D
Methionine

Solution

AUG is an initiation codon, which codes for methionine in eukaryotes.
Codes for valine is GUU, histidine is CAU and phenylalanine is UUU or UUC.