Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 37

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Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following amino acid has hydroxyl methyl group as its R group?

A
Serine

B
Proline

C
Alanine

D
Arginine

Solution

The amino acid refers to the group of organic molecules that consist of a basic amino group (−NH₂), an acidic carboxyl group (−COOH), and an organic R group (or side chain) that is unique to each amino acid. The amino acids differ from each other in the particular chemical structure of their R group and on the basis of the chemical properties of the R-group chain these are broadly classified as hydrophobic and hydrophilic. The Hydroxyl amino acids are
hydrophilic, polar and uncharged. Serine is the amino acid's with its R group with a hydroxyl group attached to a CH₂ group.
Question 2
1 / -0

Two or more codons encoding the same amino acid is due to

A
Non-ambiguous

B
Degeneracy of codon

C
Non-overlapping of codon

D
Non-sense codon

Solution

Genetic codons were introduced to overcome the difficulties and ambiguities in using DNA sequences. When more than one codon may specify the same amino acid, it is called as degeneracy of codon.
Question 3
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Which conserved motifs are found in E.coli genes?

A
TATA box

B
CAAT box

C
Pribnow box

D
All of the above
Solution
- Pribnow box also called TATAAT box is a consensus sequence present 10 bases upstream on the left side of the start point in the promoter region of prokaryotes.
- The sequence is 5' TATAAT 3' and shows a difference 45 to 96% among prokaryotes.
- As it is present 10 base pair upstream this sequence is called -10 sequences.
- TATA box and CAAT box are found upstream to the start site in eukaryotes, not in prokaryotes (E.coli).
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

How many nitrogenous bases are there in a codon?

A
3

B
2

C
1

D
5

Solution

Genetic codes are represented in the form of triplets. Triplets are giving the perfect clue that there are 3 nitrogenous bases in each codon which codes for an amino acid. For example UCU codes for serine.
Question 5
1 / -0

What is the main aim of the human genome project?

A
To introduce new genes into humans

B
To identify and sequence all the genes present in human DNA

C
To develop better techniques for comparing two different human DNA samples

D
To remove disease causing genes from human DNA

Solution

The Human Genome Project is an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up human DNA and of identifying and mapping it.
Question 6
1 / -0

Human genome project was initiated by

A
Francis Collins and Roderick

B
Watson and Crick

C
Beadle and Tatum

D
Paul Berg and Wollman
Solution
The human genome project was initiated by Francis Collins and Roderick.
National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) with other international partners started it in 1990.
The human genome project aims at determining the sequence of nucleotides that makes the whole human DNA.
So, the correct answer is 'Francis Collins and Roderick'
Question 7
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What is the process of joining together different DNA fragments often referred as?

A
Transcription

B
Cloning

C
Gene splicing

D
DNA amplification

Solution

Gene splicing is a post-transcriptional modification in which a single gene can code for multiple proteins. Gene splicing is done in eukaryotes, prior to mRNA translation, by the differential inclusion or exclusion of regions of pre-mRNA. Gene splicing is an important source of protein diversity.
Question 8
1 / -0

DNA replication is

A
Conservative

B
Non-conservative

C
Semi-conservative

D
Constitutive

Solution

Semiconservative replication describes the mechanism of DNA replication in all known cells. DNA replication occurs on multiple origins of replication along the DNA template strand. As the DNA double helix is unwound by helicase, replication occurs separately on each template strand in antiparallel directions. This process is known as semi-conservative replication because two copies of the original DNA molecule are produced. Each copy contains one original strand and one newly-synthesized strand.
Hence the correct answer (C)
Question 9
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Which of the character is not applicable to tRNA?

A
It is the smallest of the RNAs

B
It acts as an adapter for amino acids

C
It has a clover leaf like structure

D
It is the largest of the RNAs

Solution

tRNA is the smallest of the 3 types of RNA, possessing around 75-95 nucleotides.
The main function is a translation of mRNA into proteins by linking the base pairs of mRNA and amino acid sequence on a polypeptide. tRNAs also act as adapters in the translation of the genetic sequence of mRNA into proteins.
The physique of the tRNA molecule resembles that of a clover leaf with several extended loops.
So the above information is matching for the options A, B & C.

So the answer is 'It is the largest of the RNAs'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which enzyme plays important role in transcription?

A
DNA dependent RNA polymerase

B
DNA dependent DNA polymerase

C
RNA dependent DNA polymerase

D
RNA dependent RNA polyrnerase
Solution
Process of RNA synthesis using DNA as the template is called transcription.
RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of RNA by using a DNA strand as a template that is why we call it DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
So, the correct answer is option A.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 37

Result

Molecular Basis of Inheritance Test - 37

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Serine

Proline

Alanine

Arginine

Solution

Question 2

Non-ambiguous

Degeneracy of codon

Non-overlapping of codon

Non-sense codon

Solution

Question 3

TATA box

CAAT box

Pribnow box

All of the above

Solution

Question 4

3

2

1

5

Solution

Question 5

To introduce new genes into humans

To identify and sequence all the genes present in human DNA

To develop better techniques for comparing two different human DNA samples

To remove disease causing genes from human DNA

Solution

Question 6

Francis Collins and Roderick

Watson and Crick

Beadle and Tatum

Paul Berg and Wollman

Solution

Question 7

Transcription

Cloning

Gene splicing

DNA amplification

Solution

Question 8

Conservative

Non-conservative

Semi-conservative

Constitutive

Solution

Question 9

It is the smallest of the RNAs

It acts as an adapter for amino acids

It has a clover leaf like structure

It is the largest of the RNAs

Solution

Question 10

DNA dependent RNA polymerase

DNA dependent DNA polymerase

RNA dependent DNA polymerase

RNA dependent RNA polyrnerase

Solution

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