Evolution Test

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Evolution Test - 64

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and literally radiating to other area of geography(habitat) is called _____________.

A
Convergent evolution

B
Parallel evolution

C
Adaptive radtiation

D
Both 1 and 2
Question 2
1 / -0

Match the following pairs correctly .
Fish Three Chambered heart
Lizard Incomplete four chambered heart
Man Two chambered heart
Frog Complete four chambered heart

A
(i)- b , (ii)- c , (iii)- a , (iv)- d

B
(i)- c , (ii)- b , (iii)- d , (iv)- a

C
(i)- a , (ii)- c , (iii)- d , (iv)- b

D
(i)- c , (ii)- a , (iii)- d , (iv)- b

Solution

Fishes have a two chambered heart with one auricle and one ventricle with two accessory chambers, sinus venosus and conus arteriosus. They handle only deoxygenated blood and thus it is called venous heart.
Amphibian heart receives both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and is often called arteriovenous heart. It is 3-chambered as in frog with two auricles and one ventricle. The heart supplies mixed blood to the body parts.
In reptiles as in lizard, the heart also receives both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood . It is incompletely four chambered having two auricles and partly divided ventricle. Only one accessory chamber sinus venosus is present.
Avian and mammalian heart is complete four chambered having two auricles and two ventricles. The right auricle receives the deoxygenated blood from the body and sends it to the right ventricle that pumps it to the lungs via a pulmonary arch for oxygenation. The left auricle receives oxygenated blood from lungs and sends it to the left ventricle which pumps it to the body through a single aortic arch. Thus the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood remain fully separate.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
1 / -0

The Hardy-Weinberg law is expressed as $$(p+q)2$$, where p and q stands for.

A
Frequency of heterozygote

B
Frequency of alleles in population

C
Gene frequencies in population

D
Genotypes frequencies in population
Question 4
1 / -0

In a random mating population frequency of recessive allele is $$0.5$$. What is the frequency of dominant phenotypes in population?

A
$$0.25$$

B
$$0.50$$

C
$$0.75$$

D
$$0.20$$
Solution
Correct option: C
Explanation:
- To find the frequency of dominant allele, applying formula:
p = 1 – q

p = 1 – 0.5

p = 0.5

Here, q is the frequency of the recessive allele and p is the frequency of dominant allele.
- Finding the frequency of homozygous dominant allele,
p²= (0.5)² = 0.25

Finding the frequency of heterozygous dominant allele,

2 * p * q = 2 * 0.5 * 0.5 = 0.5
- Frequency of dominant phenotypes = frequency of homozygous dominant + frequency of heterozygous dominant
Frequency of dominant phenotypes = 0.25 + 0.5 = 0.75

Hence, the frequency of dominant phenotypes in population is 0.75.
Question 5
1 / -0

Match List-I(Eras) with List-II(Life forms on earth of that era) are select the correct answer.
List-I List-II
a. Cenozoic $$1$$. Oxygen producing photosynthesizing organisms
b. Palaeozoic $$2$$. Amphibians
c. Mesozoic $$3$$. Reptiles
d. Precambrian $$4$$. Modern flora and mammals

A
A-$$3$$, B-$$2$$, C-$$1$$, D-$$4$$

B
A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$3$$, D-$$4$$

C
A-$$4$$, B-$$2$$, C-$$3$$, D-$$1$$

D
A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$4$$, D-$$3$$
Question 6
1 / -0

By studying analogous structures , we look for.............

A
Similarities in appearance and function but difference in structure

B
Similarities in appearance but difference in function

C
Similarities in organ structure

D
Similarities in cell make up

Solution

Analogous organs are those organs which have the same function but are quite different in their fundamental structure and embryonic origin. For example, the wing of an insect and the wing of a bird are analogous organs. Both these organs are used for flying in the air but they re very different in structure. An insect wing is an extension of the integument whereas a bird wing is formed of limb bones covered with flesh, skin, and feathers. Each has evolved from a separate ancestral population as a means of a more efficient mode of locomotion. Similarity developed in distantly related groups as an adaptation for the same function is called analogy or convergent evolution.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following shows convergent evolution?

A
Mouse and Marsupial mole

B
Bobcat and Spotted cuscus

C
Anteater and Numbat

D
Lemur and Tasmanian wolf
Question 8
1 / -0

Which one of the following is an essential condition for a population to be at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

A
Random mating

B
Immigration

C
Emigration

D
Geographical isolation

Solution

There are 5 essential conditions for a population to be at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These are:
1. Population must be very large.
2. There must be no immigration or emigration.
3. There must be no mutations.
4. Random mating
5. There must be no natural selection in a population.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Formation of microspheres, liposomes, and coacervates all require

A
RNA

B
a membrane potential

C
self-assembly

D
phospholipids

Solution

The large organic molecules which were synthesized abiotically on the primitive earth later came together, and due to intermolecular attraction, they formed large colloidal aggregates. Such water bound aggregates have been named microspheres. A liposome is a spherical vesicle having at least one phospholipid bilayer. Coacervate is an aggregate of macromolecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, that form a stable colloid unit with properties that resemble living matter. So, the correct option "self-assembly".
Question 10
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .-
Which of the following events did not occur during the Precambrian era?

A
Evolution of the prokaryotic cell

B
Evolution of the eukaryotic cell

C
Evolution of multicellularity

D
All of the above occurred during the Precambrian era

Solution

Precambrian time covers the vast bulk of the Earth's history, starting with the planet's creation about 4.5 billion years ago and ending with the emergence of complex, multicelled life-forms almost four billion years later.
So, the correct option is 'All of the above occurred during the Precambrian era'.

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Fish	Three Chambered heart
Lizard	Incomplete four chambered heart
Man	Two chambered heart
Frog	Complete four chambered heart

List-I	List-II
a. Cenozoic	$$1$$. Oxygen producing photosynthesizing organisms
b. Palaeozoic	$$2$$. Amphibians
c. Mesozoic	$$3$$. Reptiles
d. Precambrian	$$4$$. Modern flora and mammals

Evolution Test - 64

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Evolution Test - 64

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Question 1

Convergent evolution

Parallel evolution

Adaptive radtiation

Both 1 and 2

Question 2

(i)- b , (ii)- c , (iii)- a , (iv)- d

(i)- c , (ii)- b , (iii)- d , (iv)- a

(i)- a , (ii)- c , (iii)- d , (iv)- b

(i)- c , (ii)- a , (iii)- d , (iv)- b

Solution

Question 3

Frequency of heterozygote

Frequency of alleles in population

Gene frequencies in population

Genotypes frequencies in population

Question 4

$$0.25$$

$$0.50$$

$$0.75$$

$$0.20$$

Solution

Question 5

A-$$3$$, B-$$2$$, C-$$1$$, D-$$4$$

A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$3$$, D-$$4$$

A-$$4$$, B-$$2$$, C-$$3$$, D-$$1$$

A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$4$$, D-$$3$$

Question 6

Similarities in appearance and function but difference in structure

Similarities in appearance but difference in function

Similarities in organ structure

Similarities in cell make up

Solution

Question 7

Mouse and Marsupial mole

Bobcat and Spotted cuscus

Anteater and Numbat

Lemur and Tasmanian wolf

Question 8

Random mating

Immigration

Emigration

Geographical isolation

Solution

Question 9

RNA

a membrane potential

self-assembly

phospholipids

Solution

Question 10

Evolution of the prokaryotic cell

Evolution of the eukaryotic cell

Evolution of multicellularity

All of the above occurred during the Precambrian era

Solution

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