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Evolution Test - 70

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Evolution Test - 70
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following statements is correct?
    Solution
    Neanderthal and Homo sapiens have a common ancestor, that most people think of as Homo heidelbergensis.  However, since Neanderthal and Homo sapiens interbred, so another way to think of this is to simply say that we are both just a sub-species of Homo heidelbergensis.  The ancestor of Homo heidelbergensis is some sort of later stage Homo ergaster. So, in another way we can tell that Neanderthal man is the direct ancestor of Homo sapiens.

    So, the correct option is 'Neanderthal man is the direct ancestor of Homo sapiens.'
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Dryopithecus is considered to be
    Solution
    Dryopithecus is a genus of extinct apes.They were found during the late Miocene period. It is considered to be ancestral form of ape. It was the first fossil great ape discovered. It was a tree-dwelling ape.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Ancestral form of ape.'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The Tasmanian wolf (a marsupial) and American wolf (a placental) may have evolved along similar lines because of similar selection pressure acting on similar gene pool if so they are an example of
    Solution
    Convergent evolution is the presence of similar features in animals of different lineages. The structures in these animals have similar functions but absent in the common ancestors and hence they are analogous structures and not homologous. The Tasmanian wolf and the American wolf have several morphological similarities but they have unrelated ancestral lineages. Hence, they show convergent evolution. Such convergence of functional, morphological and structural traits from phylogenetically unrelated species may be a result of random mutation due to selection pressure. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Convergent evolution.'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    How many of the following develops as a result of divergent evolution i.e. the same structure developed along with different directions due to adaptation to different needs?

    (a) Sweet potato and potato
    (b) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita
    (c) Flippers of penguin and dolphin
    (d) Wings of bat and flippers of the whale
    (e) Eyes of octopus and mammals
    (f) The sting of honey bee and scorpion
    Solution

    (a) Sweet potato is a root modification and potato tuber is a stem modification but they show convergent evolution because both of them are unrelated and perform the functions similar to the storage of food and vegetative reproduction.
    (b) The thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita are homologous organs- Divergent evolution.
    (c) Dolphins evolved from mammals that walked on land, whereas, penguins evolved from birds that flew in the air. Both organisms developed similar structures (i.e. flippers because they both can swim in the water). This is an example of convergent evolution.
    (d) Bat wings consist of flaps of skin stretched between the bones of the fingers and arm. Birds wings consist of feathers extending all along the arm. They don't have a common ancestor. So it is convergent evolution.
    (e) Eyes of octopus and mammals show analogy that is structurally different but functionally the same. So they are an example of convergent evolution.
    (f) The sting of honey bee and scorpion are homologous organs and so they show divergent evolution.

     So, the correct answer is '2'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Arborescent lycopods , horse tails and ferns dominated land during?
    Solution
    • The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at 443.8 million years ago, to the beginning of the Devonian Period, 419.2 Mya.
    • It is is the shortest period of the Paleozoic Era.
    • Arborescent lycopods, horsetails, and ferns dominated land during this period.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Silurian period'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Adaptive radiation is based on
    Solution
    Adaptive radiation is a concept in evolutionary biology where the number of species with a common ancestor increase rapidly however they are characterised by great morphological and ecological variations. So, the correct answer is 'Divergent evolution'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Evolution has exhibited a greater stability of molecular structure when compared with .............
    Solution
    Evolution has exhibited a greater stability of molecular structure when compared with morphological structure. This explains the stability of structure which is maintained due to consistency in the structures of genes that code for biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids responsible for the morphological characteristics.
    So the correct option is 'Morphological structure'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is first example of class Homo sapiens?
    Solution
    Homo sapiens are evolved from Neanderthal around 3,00,000 years ago. Homo sapiens are known to be the modern man with increased mental abilities and higher development of muscles and physical structure. So, 'the correct option is Neanderthal' 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The theory states that living organisms originate from pre-existing organisms
    Solution
    (a)Theory of Catastrophism: It states that living organisms were formed on our planet by some supernatural power called God Creator. So, it believed in the divine creation of life.
    (b)Theory of Panspermia: It states that life came on earth from some other planet in the form of spore or seed called panspermia. So, this theory is also called spore theory.
    (c) Biogenesis theory: It states that life arises from the pre-existing life only.
    (d) Theory of Spontaneous generation: It states that living organisms can originate from inanimate objects like maggots arising from rotten meat.
    So, the correct answer is 'Biogenesis theory'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Tendrils in plants are an example of
    Solution
    Tendrils in plants are an example of divergent evolution since they represent homologous structures which means they are similar in structure but help to perform different structures.
    So, the correct option is 'Divergent evolution'.
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