Evolution Test

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Evolution Test - 82

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Which of the following is the correct sequence of evolution in vertebrates?

A
Bony fish - amphibians - reptiles - birds

B
Birdsbony fish - amphibians - reptiles

C
Amphibians - reptiles - bony fish - birds

D
Reptiles - birds - bony fish - amphibians

E
Reptiles - birds - amphibians - bony fish

Solution

The first vertebrate to evolve is the bony fish. Before that there were jawless fish. The amphibians evolved next after fish. It is the first vertebrate to live both on land and in water. They have few characteristics of fish in their early life. The reptiles evolved from the amphibians. They live entirely on land. From the amphibians, there developed certain added features such as feather, hollow bones and warm blood. These animals were called as birds or aves.
Question 2
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Read the passage and answer the following question.

This chart shows the relative abundance of different groups of echinoderms throughout geologic time. The width of the band indicates the number of species for each group.

Identify the time periods showed a boom in all echinoderm groups?

A
Ordovician

B
Silurian

C
Mississippian

D
Permian

E
Jurassic

Solution

In 1869, American geologist Alexander Winchell coined the name Mississippian in 1869 for rock outcrops along the drainage basin of the Mississippi River. At the beginning of the Mississippian, shallow seas covered large parts of the continents. Large amounts of limestone were deposited in these shallow seas, preserving the skeletons of diverse marine invertebrates. Also at this time, Earth was in a greenhouse climate state with relatively warm temperatures across a wide range of latitudes. The tropical seas were home to a great diversity of marine life, including many different kinds of fishes, brachiopods, bryozoans, mollusks, and echinoderms.
Question 3
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$$9$$ percent of all cicadas exhibit the homozygous recessive condition known as "flippant wings," the gene frequency for that gene in the general population is

A
Cannot be determined

B
$$91$$ percent

C
$$0.9$$

D
$$0.3$$

E
$$0.03$$

Solution

Hardy-Weinberg equation is $$p^2$$ + 2pq + $$q^2$$ = 1. Here p is the frequency of the "A" allele and q is the frequency of the "a" allele in the population. Thus, $$p^2$$ represents the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype AA, $$q^2$$ is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa. In given question, frequency of homozygous recessive genotype ($$q^2$$)= 9% or 0.09. Frequency of recessive allele (q)= 0.3. Correct answer is D.
Question 4
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Directions For Questions

The alleles T and t are present in a stable population showing Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The individuals with genotype TT and Tt can curl their tongue while those with tt cannot curl their tongue. The allele frequency of T is 0.8.

...view full instructions

The percentage of individuals that can curl their tongues is

A
32%

B
4%

C
64%

D
96%

E
50%
Question 5
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Hardy-Weinberg principle states that, allele frequencies get change when evolutionary forces act on a population. Which of the following is not an evolutionary force?

A
Mutations

B
Gene flow

C
Genetic drift

D
Random mating

E
Natural selection

Solution

According to the Hardy Weinberg law, the allele frequencies, irrespective of their dominance of recessiveness, in a population remain constant under absence of factors responsible for evolution (natural selection, migration, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow). A simple genetic equilibrium occurs in a population if the population is large, has random mating, and has negligible effects of above mentioned evolutionary forces. Correct answer is D.
Question 6
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The diversification of an ancestral group of organisms into a variety of related forms specialized to fit different environments is known as

A
Convergent evolution

B
Divergent evolution

C
Adaptive radiation

D
Gradualism

E
Directional selection

Solution

Diversification of ancestral line into different forms which in turn occupy diverse ecological niche is referred to as adaptive radiation. For example, the ancestral seed eating stock of Darwin’s finches diversified according to different types of food (plants, seeds, insects, cactus etc) available and developed type of beak adapted to that food. So, it is evolution of a large number of related species from an unspecialized ancestral form. Correct answer is C.
Question 7
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In one of the genetic disorders affecting central nervous system, the homozygous recessive individuals (tt) are affected at an early age. Which of the following statements is correct for a fatal disease to be carried in a population?

A
If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$25\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

B
If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$75\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

C
If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$100\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

D
If one parent is heterozygous, all offspring have a $$25\%$$ will be carriers.

E
If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$50\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

Solution

According to the question, a cross between Tt and tt parent will give homozygous recessive and heterozygous dominant progeny in 1:1 ratio. This makes option E correct answer.

Tt-->
tt T t
t Tt
heterozygous dominant
tt
homozygous recessive
Question 8
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Directions For Questions

The alleles T and t are present in a stable population showing Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The individuals with genotype TT and Tt can curl their tongue while those with tt cannot curl their tongue. The allele frequency of T is 0.8.

...view full instructions

The percentage of heterozygotes is ________.

A
4%

B
32%

C
64%

D
50%

E
75%

Question 9

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Directions For Questions

The given table shows seven different species identified by a scientist during the study of a field that had been burned in a brushfire ten years before.

Scientific Name	Gross Form	Microscopic Form	Stem Form	Color	Reproduction
Platismartia glauca	Sheetlike	Eukaryotic and prokaryotic filaments	Not applicable	Green on top while below	no evidence
Funaria americana	cushionlike	Eukaryotic multicellular	Not applicable	Green throughout	Spore-produced structures or stalks
Dryopteris spinulosa	roots, underground stems, compound leaves	Eukaryotic multicellular	Fleshy	Green leaves, white stem and roots	Spores on underside of leaves
Picea rubens	roots, stems, needle like leaves	Eukaryotic multicellular	erect, woody	green leaves, brown stem and roots	cones
Smilax herbacea	roots, vine, broad leaves	eukaryotic multicellular	erect, herbaceous	green leaves and stem, white roots	flowers
Similax rotundifolia	roots, woody vine, broad leaves	eukaryotic multicellular	erect	green leaves, brown stem and roots	none evident
Monotropa uniflora	roots, stems, broad leaves	eukaryotic multicellular	erect	white throughout	fruits

...view full instructions

The simplest level of physical organisation is shown by

Funaria americana

Monotropa uniflora

Dryopteris spinulosa

Picea rubens

Smilax rotundifolia

Solution

Funaria americana is eukaryotic multicellular species with a cushion like form and exhibit simplest level of physical organisation. Monotropa uniflora, Similax rotundifolia, Dryopteris spinulosa and Picea rubens exhibit higher level of body organization with well differentiated root, stem and leaves. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Question 10
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Who was the first civilized man?

A
Cromagnon man

B
Neanderthal man

C
Heidelberg man

D
Ternifier man

Solution

Cromagnon man was an excellent tool maker and a very fine artist as they drew various pictures on the walls in their caves. They were first to domesticate dogs. Also, they were religious. They showed many features which depicted that they were civilized and able to learn new activities.Thus, the correct answer is option A

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Tt--> tt	T	t
t	Tt heterozygous dominant	tt homozygous recessive

Evolution Test - 82

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Evolution Test - 82

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Question 1

Bony fish - amphibians - reptiles - birds

Birdsbony fish - amphibians - reptiles

Amphibians - reptiles - bony fish - birds

Reptiles - birds - bony fish - amphibians

Reptiles - birds - amphibians - bony fish

Solution

Question 2

Ordovician

Silurian

Mississippian

Permian

Jurassic

Solution

Question 3

Cannot be determined

$$91$$ percent

$$0.9$$

$$0.3$$

$$0.03$$

Solution

Question 4

32%

4%

64%

96%

50%

Question 5

Mutations

Gene flow

Genetic drift

Random mating

Natural selection

Solution

Question 6

Convergent evolution

Divergent evolution

Adaptive radiation

Gradualism

Directional selection

Solution

Question 7

If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$25\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$75\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$100\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

If one parent is heterozygous, all offspring have a $$25\%$$ will be carriers.

If one parent is heterozygous, the offspring have a $$50\%$$ chance of being heterozygous.

Solution

Question 8

4%

32%

64%

50%

75%

Question 9

Funaria americana

Monotropa uniflora

Dryopteris spinulosa

Picea rubens

Smilax rotundifolia

Solution

Question 10

Cromagnon man

Neanderthal man

Heidelberg man

Ternifier man

Solution

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