Evolution Test ...

The proper burial of dead for the first time started with which of the following prehistoric man?

Thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) is a small, quickly reproducing, edible plant. It has a gene locus with an allele that results in a tolerance to heavy metals, which can leech into the soil as a result of mining operations.
A genetics professor has been using a population of thale cress for a Spring semester class to practice genetic analysis skills. The professor continues using the population after a mine in started near the collection location. The professor tracks their data from year to year. The graph displays the data for the allele frequencies for a heavy metal tolerance gene. Based on the evidence, during what year was the mine built?

Ellis-van Craved syndrome is an inherited condition affecting bone growth. The primary symptom is short stature. Other symptoms include abnormal numbers of finger and toes, and tooth and nail abnormalities. Some individuals with the condition have heart abnormalities.
The frequency of the condition in most populations is low. However, the condition occurs at a much higher rate in the Amish population descended from a group who migrated from Europe to Pennsylvania in the 1700's.
Which of the following explains the difference between the Amish frequency of the condition and the frequency of the population they migrated from?

In a hypothetical situation, the Vermont State Park Service decides to build a pedestrian bridge over the Rock River in the town of Newfane. Upon completion, the pedestrian bridge will enable the passage of two closely related populations of mud lizards that had previously existed either on the eastern or the western side of the river but had been unable to cross the river.
Just before completion of the bridge and then fifteen years after the completion of the bridge, graduate students from the University of Vermont collected twenty-five lizards from each side of the river, took blood samples, and determined the frequencies of alleles that were unique to the two types of mud lizards. The results of their sampling are shown in the graphs below.
The data from the students' investigation show which of the following?

A large population of zebrafish has been allowed to breed randomly for a number of generations in a laboratory.
After ten generations, 25% of the fish display a recessive genotype (dd), the same percentage as at the beginning of the breeding program. The rest of the fish show the dominant phenotype, with heterozygotes indistinguishable from the homozygous dominants.
What is the most reasonable explanation of the fact that the frequency of the recessive genotype (dd) at generation ten is the same as the frequency of the recessive genotype (dd) at generation one?

The Hardy-Weinberg equation for a gene with two alleles is as follows:
$$p^2+2pq+q^2=p+q=1$$
Which part of the equation represents the frequency of one of the alleles?

In prairie chickens the gene for throat sac size shows simple dominant-recessive inheritance. A recessive allele causes small throat sacks and a dominant allele causes large throat sacks. In a certain population of chickens, 264 chickens show the recessive phenotype and 788 chickens show the dominant phenotype.
What is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype?

In The Princess Bride Inigo Montoya has spent his adult life seeking revenge on the six fingered man who killed his father. Polydactyly, the presence of extra fingers or toes, is caused by a dominant allele.
If five individuals per 1000 births is affected by the condition, what is the frequency of the polydactyly allele?

Scientists discover a unicellular organism growing on the surface of a meteorite recently recovered from a site in Russia. The meteorite struck the planet just seven days prior to being discovered, and the scientists wonder whether or not the organism is extraterrestrial.
Which of the following observations about the organism provides the best evidence that the organism evolved on earth?

In certain African countries, 4% of the newborn babies have sickle cell anemia, which is caused by a recessive version of the hemoglobin gene. Twenty years later, only 0.3% of the population have this homozygous genotype.
Which of the following is the best explanation for this change in genotypic frequency?