Evolution Test

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Evolution Test - 9

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Question 1
1 / -0

Founder effect is the

A
Small change in the allele frequency to become different species.

B
Stabilization of gene of a population

C
Foundation of plants

D
Large scale change in allele frequency to become different species.

Solution

The founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population.

Sometimes the change in frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders.
Question 2
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Which of the following are difficult to explain in terms of natural selection?

A
A bird issues a warning cry that puts it at greater risk of being noticed by a predator

B
Some traits appear to have no adaptive value

C
Male deer evolve antlers that are not used to defend themselves against predators

D
Male peacocks evolve tail feathers that would appear to make them more rather than less vulnerable to predators

Solution

All the traits that appear due to natural selection do not have adaptive value. This concept is although true but cannot be explained in terms of natural selection.
Question 3
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The process in which heritable variations enabling better survival are enabled to reproduce and leave greater number of progeny is called

A
Genetic drift

B
Natural selection

C
Founder effect

D
Mutation

Solution

Natural selection is the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin, and it is now regarded as be the main process that brings about evolution.
Question 4
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Assertion- Evolution is a continuous process that takes millions of years for speciation.
Reason- During evolution small variation accumulates guided by natural selection that leads to speciation.

A
Assertion is correct but explanation is wrong

B
Both assertion and reason are correct

C
Both assertion and reason are incorrect

D
Assertion is correct but reason does not explain assertion

Solution

Evolution is a slow and continuous process that takes long time to form a new species. Variation due to mutation, genetic drift, geographical isolation leads to speciation.
Question 5
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Genetic drift

A
Produces greatest fluctuations in large population

B
Has nothing in common with inbreeding

C
Is an orderly change in gene frequency

D
Is random change in gene frequency

Solution

Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution in which allele frequencies of a population change randomly over generations due to chance (sampling error). Genetic drift occurs in all populations of non-infinite size, but its effects are strongest in small populations.
Question 6
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Presence of different types of beaks in finches of Galapgos islands adapted to different feeding habits provides evidence of

A
Intraspecific competition

B
Natural selection

C
Interspecific competition

D
Interspecific variations

Solution

Darwin published his intellectual bombshell, the “Origin of Species,” later in 1859. He speculated that birds, resembling starlings, came to the Galapagos Islands by wind. Evolution took over and different groups developed different diets. When, he wrote, “an immigrant first settled on one of the islands, it would undoubtedly be exposed to different conditions in the different islands (where) it would have to compete with a different set of organisms. Then, natural selection would probably favor different varieties in the different islands.”
Question 7
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Which of the following is the example of adaptive radiation?

A
Light and dark winged moths

B
Only Australian marsupials

C
Darwin finches and Australian marsupials

D
Only Darwin finches

Solution

Darwin finches and Australian marsupials are example of adaptive radiations as all the birds evolve from same birds having different beaks and Australian marsupials arise from common ancestors.
Question 8
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Statement I: When more than one adaptive radiation appeared in isolated geographical area it called a convergent evolution.
Statement II: Bats and birds are example of adaptive radiation.
Statement III: Tiger cat, kangaroo, wombat and sugar gliders are example of Australian marsupials.

A
Statement I and II is correct

B
Statement I and III is correct

C
All statements are correct

D
Statement II and III is correct

Solution

When more than one adaptive radiation appeared in isolated geographical area it called a convergent evolution. Tiger cat, kangaroo, wombat and sugar gliders are example of Australian marsupials.
Question 9
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Assertion: When migration of a section of population to another occurs, gene frequencies change in the original as well as in the population.
Reason: There would be a gene flow if this gene migration happens multiple times.

A
Both assertion and reason are incorrect

B
Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect

C
Assertion is incorrect but reason is correct

D
Both assertion and reason are correct

Solution

gene flow (also known as gene migration) is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another. If the rate of gene flow is high enough, then two populations are considered to have equivalent genetic diversity and therefore effectively a single population.

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Evolution Test - 9

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Evolution Test - 9

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Small change in the allele frequency to become different species.

Stabilization of gene of a population

Foundation of plants

Large scale change in allele frequency to become different species.

Solution

Question 2

A bird issues a warning cry that puts it at greater risk of being noticed by a predator

Some traits appear to have no adaptive value

Male deer evolve antlers that are not used to defend themselves against predators

Male peacocks evolve tail feathers that would appear to make them more rather than less vulnerable to predators

Solution

Question 3

Genetic drift

Natural selection

Founder effect

Mutation

Solution

Question 4

Assertion is correct but explanation is wrong

Both assertion and reason are correct

Both assertion and reason are incorrect

Assertion is correct but reason does not explain assertion

Solution

Question 5

Produces greatest fluctuations in large population

Has nothing in common with inbreeding

Is an orderly change in gene frequency

Is random change in gene frequency

Solution

Question 6

Intraspecific competition

Natural selection

Interspecific competition

Interspecific variations

Solution

Question 7

Light and dark winged moths

Only Australian marsupials

Darwin finches and Australian marsupials

Only Darwin finches

Solution

Question 8

Statement I and II is correct

Statement I and III is correct

All statements are correct

Statement II and III is correct

Solution

Question 9

Both assertion and reason are incorrect

Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect

Assertion is incorrect but reason is correct

Both assertion and reason are correct

Solution

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