Evolution Test

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Evolution Test - 95

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

How many combinations from the following show convergent evolution?
(a) Mole - Marsupial mouse
(b) Lemur - Spotted cuscus
(c) Anteater - Numbat
(d) Mole - Mouse
(e) Lemur - Numbat
(f) Numbat - Spotted cuscus

A
3

B
4

C
5

D
6
Solution
- Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Mole - marsupial mouse, lemur - spotted cuscus, anteater - numbat, mole - mouse show convergent evolution.
- Divergent evolution is the accumulation of genetic and phenotypic differences within a species, which can lead to the formation of new species over time, also known as speciation. Lemur - numbat, numbat - spotted cuscus shows divergent evolution.
So, the correct answer is '4'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Balanoglossus is connecting link between

A
Non- chordates and chordates

B
Cartilaginous and bony fishes

C
Bony fishes and amphibians

D
Amphibians and reptiles

Solution

Connecting links are good evidences of organic evolution. These There are organisms exhibit intermediate characteristics of two taxonomic groups. Balanoglossus is a connecting link between non-chordates and chordates. Chimaera is a connecting link between cartilaginous and bony fishes. Coelocanth is a connecting link between bony fishes and amphibians. Sphenodon is a connecting link between amphibians and reptiles.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Non-chordates and chordates.'
Question 3
1 / -0

Read the following sentence carefully and choose the option having correct statements
a. units of life called spores were transferred to different planets including earth according to the theory of spontaneous generation.
b. Oparin and Haldane proposed that life arises from nonliving organic molecules by chemical evolution.
c. Psilophyton can be considered as the ancestor of conifers
d. Coelacanth possibly evolved into the first amphibians.

A
a & b only

B
b & c only

C
b, c, and d only

D
a, b, c and d

Solution

1. Units of life called spores were transferred to different planets including earth according to the theory of Panspermia.
2. Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England proposed that the first forms of life originated from pre-existing non-living organic molecules (e.g. RNA, protein etc.)
3. Psilophyton evolved into modern day Sphenopsids, ferns, ginkgos, conifers and gnetales.
4. The coelacanths constitute a now-rare order of fish that includes two extant species in the genus Latimeria: the West Indian Ocean coelacanth and Indonesian coelacanths which are considered to have evolved into first amphibians.
So, the correct option is 'b,c and d only'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which one of the following changes involved is irrelevant, in the evolution of man ?

A
Perfection of hand for tool making

B
Change of diet from hard nuts and hard roots to soft food

C
Loss of tail

D
None of the above
Question 5
1 / -0

Hardy-Weinberg describes the frequency of A for an entire B.
Choose the correct option for A and B to complete the given NCERT statement.

A
A-Genes; B-population

B
A-Genotype; B-population

C
A-Phenotype; B-population

D
A-Alleles; B-population

Solution

Hardy-Weinberg equation provides for the allele frequency in an entire population, assuming that the population is non-evolving. Allele frequency is the measure of occurrence of an allele in the entire population. As per Hardy-Weinberg equation:
p$$^{2}$$ + 2pq + q$$^{2}$$ = 1
where, p= frequency of dominant allele
q= frequency of recessive allele
If the sum of frequencies does not come out to be unity, that reflects change in the frequency of alleles.
Hence, the correct answer is 'A-alleles; B-population'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is / are correct?
I. Relative abundance of carbon and hydrogen with respect to other elements is higher in any living organisms.
II. Living organism have more nitrogen and oxygen per unit mass than inanimate objects (e.g.earth crust)
III. All the elements present in a sample of earth's crust are also present in a sample of living tissue.
IV. Living organisms have more Ca, Mg, Na in them than inanimate objects.

A
All of these

B
All except IV

C
Only IV

D
None of these

Solution

Various mineral elements present in living organisms include (i) major elements, and they are:-
Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl) and
(ii) trace elements, and they are:-
Iodine (I), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), boron etc.
Question 7
1 / -0

According to Hardy-Weinberg principle, difference in the values of measured and expected allelic frequencies indicates all of the following, except

A
Changes in the gene pool

B
Disturbance in genetic equilibrium

C
Extent of evolutionary change

D
Absence of any kind of evolution

Solution

Hardy-Weinberg principle states that a population is said to be in genetic equilibrium if it is not undergoing any kind of evolutionary change. Difference in the values of measured and expected gene frequencies will be present if there is change in the gene pool, disturbance in genetic equilibrium and extent of evolutionary changr.
So, the correct option is 'Absence of any kind of evolution'
Question 8
1 / -0

A population which is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has $$1600$$ individuals. If dominant allelic frequency is $$0.7$$, then find out the number of dominant individuals in that population.

A
$$144$$

B
$$672$$

C
$$784$$

D
$$1456$$

Solution

From Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, p + q = 1,

q = 1 – p = 1 – 0.7 = 0.3

q2 =0.3 *0.3=0.09

The homozygous dominant individuals are represented by

1600 *p =1120

1600*q=144

So, the correct option is '144'
Question 9
1 / -0

Lung fishes, air breathing animals and corals predominated during the ___ period. Complete the given statement by choosing an appropriate option.

A
Mississippian

B
Silurian

C
Devonian

D
Jurassic

Solution

Lungfish being the first air-breathing fish species, these were skilled and distant species occurring in the Devonian period, as these were the species to adapt the ability to breathe in air.
So the correct option is 'Devonian'.
Question 10
1 / -0

In a population of 100 rabbits 40 are short-eared. Short ears are recessive to long ears. There are only two alleles for this gene. Long eared are 60 which are in 1:1 ratio of homozygous and heterozygous. Find out the dominant allelic frequency?

A
0.55

B
0.45

C
0.09

D
0.37

Solution

The frequency of the recessive short-eared"q" allele.
The frequency of qq is 40%, which means that $$ q^2= 0.4$$,
If $$q^2 = 0.4$$, then q = 0.63, again by definition.
The frequency of the dominant long-eared "p" allele.
Since q = 0.63, and with the help of formula
p + q = 1, p =1-q
hence p = 0.37

So, option D is the correct option.

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Evolution Test - 95

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Evolution Test - 95

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

3

4

5

6

Solution

Question 2

Non- chordates and chordates

Cartilaginous and bony fishes

Bony fishes and amphibians

Amphibians and reptiles

Solution

Question 3

a & b only

b & c only

b, c, and d only

a, b, c and d

Solution

Question 4

Perfection of hand for tool making

Change of diet from hard nuts and hard roots to soft food

Loss of tail

None of the above

Question 5

A-Genes; B-population

A-Genotype; B-population

A-Phenotype; B-population

A-Alleles; B-population

Solution

Question 6

All of these

All except IV

Only IV

None of these

Solution

Question 7

Changes in the gene pool

Disturbance in genetic equilibrium

Extent of evolutionary change

Absence of any kind of evolution

Solution

Question 8

$$144$$

$$672$$

$$784$$

$$1456$$

Solution

Question 9

Mississippian

Silurian

Devonian

Jurassic

Solution

Question 10

0.55

0.45

0.09

0.37

Solution

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