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Human Health and Disease Test - 19

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Human Health and Disease Test - 19
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Excessive and inappropriate immune response to an antigen is 
    Solution
    • Allergies, also known as allergic diseases are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity (excessive) of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. 
    • Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath. Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.
    So, the correct answer is 'Allergy'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a to criteria to classify drugs? 
    Solution

    Drugs are chemicals of low molecular masses (100 – 500u). These
    interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response.
    Drugs can be classified mainly on criteria outlined as follows:
    (a) On the basis of pharmacological effect
    This classification is based on pharmacological effect of the drugs. It
    is useful for doctors because it provides them the whole range of
    drugs available for the treatment of a particular type of problem. For
    example, analgesics have pain killing effect, antiseptics kill or arrest
    the growth of microorganisms.
    b) On the basis of drug action
    It is based on the action of a drug on a particular biochemical process.
    For example, all antihistamines inhibit the action of the compound,
    histamine which causes inflammation in the body.
    (c) On the basis of chemical structure
    It is based on the chemical structure of the drug. Drugs classified in this
    way share common structural features and often have similar
    pharmacological activity.
    (d) On the basis of molecular targets
    Drugs usually interact with biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids,
    proteins and nucleic acids. These are called target molecules or drug
    targets. Drugs possessing some common structural features may have
    the same mechanism of action on targets. The classification based on
    molecular targets is the most useful classification for medicinal chemists.
    So,option D is the correct answer
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The state of complete physical, social and mental well being is called
    Solution
    The WHO defines health as a state of “complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” 
    Hence, the correct option is B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Health is a state of
    Solution
    Health is a state of being well enough to function well physically, mentally and socially.
    Hence the correct option is D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following affects our health?
    Solution
    The health of all organisms will depend on their surroundings or their environment. The environment includes the physical environment. So, for example, health is at risk in a cyclone in many ways. Human beings live in societies. Our social environment, therefore, is an important factor in our individual health.
    Hence the correct option is C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Choose the correct statement with reference to $$Ascaris$$:
    Solution
    Ascaris requires a single host, i.e., man to complete its life cycle. The most important locations in body of man where Ascaris visits are small intestine and from there it migrates to the lungs through pulmonary circulation where they almost ten times bigger and moult twice. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is monogenetic?
    Solution
    Ascaris is monogenetic because it completes its life cycle in only one host i.e man. Tapeworm requires two hosts i.e man and pig while Fasciola requires sheep and snail to complete its life cycle. Hookworms undergo some development outside host body in the soil before they attain infective stage. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The parasite which completes its life cycle in a single host is
    Solution
    Fasciola hepatica completes its life cycle in sheep and snails. Plasmodium vivax completes life cycle in mosquito and man. Taenia solium completes life cycle in pig and man. Ascaris lumbricoides completes its life cycle in only one host i.e man. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Ascaris performs 
    Solution
    Mode of respiration in Ascaris is obligatory anaerobic as it lives in an oxygen deficient environment in the intestine. The obligatory anaerobic organism cannot survive by the normal atmospheric concentration of oxygen.
    Thus, the correct answer is B.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Who has developed the concept of phagocytosis in immunity? 
    Solution
    Elie Metchnikoff won the 1908 Nobel prize in physiology and medicine for the concept of phagocytosis. The process involves the engulfing of the dead cells. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.

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