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Human Health and Disease Test - 22

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Human Health and Disease Test - 22
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The term active immunity means
    Solution
    Active immunity occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response. 
    When B cells and T cells are activated by a pathogen, memory B-cells, and T- cells develop, and the primary immune response results. Throughout the lifetime of an animal, these memory cells will “remember” each specific pathogen encountered, and are able to mount a strong secondary response if the pathogen is detected again. 
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The factor responsible for cirrhosis of liver is 
    Solution
    Cirrhosis of liver is characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrosis (scar tissue) and regenerative nodules (or lumps that occur due to attempted repair of the damaged tissue). Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholism, hepatitis-B, hepatitis-C and fatty liver disease. 
    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is due to a number of reasons, including being overweight, diabetes, high blood fats, and high blood pressure.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    A person likely to develop tetanus is immunized by administering
    Solution
    Preformed antibodies are derived from the blood serum of previously infected  people or animals, and are often administered in an antiserum to another person in order to provide immediate, passive immunization against fast-acting toxins or microbes, such as those in snakebites or tetanus infections.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The immunity obtained after the body has recovered from a disease is
    Solution
    Active immunity, which is naturally acquired, occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease and becomes immune, as a result of the primary immune response.  Artificially acquired active immunity can be induced by a vaccine.
    Artificially acquired passive immunity is a short-term immunization by the injection of antibodies. Naturally acquired passive immunity occurs during pregnancy in which certain antibodies are passed from the maternal to the fetal bloodstream,
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In an allergic reaction, which of the following is secreted?
    Solution
    • Histamine is a chemical that occurs naturally in certain foods. 
    • This is also one of the chemicals that is released in the body as part of an allergic reaction, causing itching, sneezing, wheezing and swelling. 
    • In type I hypersensitivity, the primary cellular component is the mast cell or the basophil, which releases histamine.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    An insect bite may result in inflammation of that spot. This inflammation is triggered by the alarm chemicals
    Solution
    Inflammation can be defined as a bodily response to cell damage. Injured tissue cells release chemicals that cause inflammation, called chemical mediators of inflammation. These chemicals primarily produce their effects in the localized areas, where they are released. These chemicals include histamine, kinins, leukotrines, prostaglandins, interleukin - I (leukocytic pyrogen).
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Louse is an ectoparasite of
    Solution
    A parasite that lives on the surface of a host organism. Some are host specific like louse is the ectoparasite for humans. It sucks the blood from the humans. They usually spend their whole life on a single host, cementing their eggs, which are known as nits, to hairs or feathers. The eggs hatch into nymphs, which moult three times before becoming fully grown, a process that takes about four weeks.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a helminth disease?
    Solution
    Filariasis is a parasitic disease that is caused by thread-like roundworms belonging to the Filarioidea type and is a Helminth or parasitic worm.
    Thus, the correct answer is option (B), 'Filariasis'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which are intimately related?
    Solution
    The mind and the body are intimately related by neuroendocrine system. The nervous system coordinates with the endocrine system to generate a response to a particular stimulus. This process of spontaneous reaction is brought about by sequential action which is known as a reflex arc.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Chenopodium oil is used in
    Solution
    Chenopodium is a genus of numerous species of perennial herbaceous flowering plants, which occur anywhere in the world. Oil of chenopodium is extracted from the seeds of epazote, which is not in this genus anymore. This oil is used in the treatment of ascariasis.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
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