Biomolecules Test - 4

Glucose is the monomer of many of the larger carbohydrates, namely starch, cellulose. Hydrolysis of starch gives glucose.

Cyclic form of fructose is called Fructofuranose. The ring, thus formed is a five membered ring and is named as furanose with analogy to the compound furan. Furan is a five membered cyclic compound with one oxygen and four carbon atoms.

Glycosidic bond is an ether linkage between two monosaccharides.

Honey is a high carbohydrate substance. It also contains proteins.

Carbohydrates are used as storage molecules as starch in plants and glycogen in animals. Glycogen is called animal starch because its structure is similar to that of amylopectin and it is rather more branched. It is present in liver, muscles and brain. When the body needs energy, it breaks down the available glycogen and converts it to glucose which can be further utilised to give energy. Glycogen is also present in fungi and yeast.

Two aldopentoses viz. D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose are present in nucleic acids.

Proteins are formed by combination of α-amino acids.

Both glucose and glycine have sweet taste.

A polypeptide with more than hundred amino acid residues, having molecular mass higher than 10,000 u is called a protein. However, the distinction between a polypeptide and a protein is not very sharp. Polypeptides with fewer amino acids are likely to be called proteins if they ordinarily have a well defined conformation of a protein such as insulin which contains 51 amino acids.

Insulin contain 51 amino acids