Chemistry in Everyday Life Test

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Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 24

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which one of the following types of drugs reduces fever?

A
Tranquilizer

B
Antibiotic

C
Antipyretic

D
Analgesic

Solution

Antipyretics (anti-against, pyreticus- pertaining to fever), are substances that reduce fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin- induced increase in temperature. The body then works to lower the temperature, resulting in a reduction in fever.
Aspirin, paracetamol, analgin etc. are some examples of common antipyretics.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which one of the following is employed as antihistamine?

A
Omeprazole

B
Chloramphenicol

C
Diphenhydramine

D
Norethindrone

Solution

Hint: Antihistamines act antagonistically against histamines.
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Histamines mainly produce inflammatory responses against any allergen. Antihistamines block histamine receptors and thereby reduce allergic response. Examples of antihistamines include cetirizine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, fexofenadine, etc.
Question 3
1 / -0

Commercial detergent contains mainly:

A
$$RCOONa$$

B
$$RONa$$

C
$$RSNa$$

D
$$RSO_3Na$$

Solution

Commercial detergent are the sodium salts of long chain (linear) alkyl substituted benzene sulphonic adics (LAB) and are most widely used. The most common is sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate.
Question 4
1 / -0

The major reason for treating severe emotional disorders with tranquilizers is to:

A
reduce the neurotic syndrome

B
prevent secondary complication

C
prevent destructiveness by the client

D
make the client more amenable to psychotherapy

Solution

The major reasons for treating severe emotional disorders with tranquilizers is to make the client more amenable to psychotherapy. The administration of these drugs makes the patient passive and helps to control their emotional distress which otherwise is likely to interfere with their normal functions.
Question 5
1 / -0

Assertion: Hard water consumes more soap.
Reason: The ion responsible for cleansing action is precipitated out by $$Ca^{2+}$$ or $$Mg^{2+}$$ ion.

A
Assertion is correct but Reason is wrong.

B
Assertion is correct but Reason is right.

C
Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

D
Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

Solution

Hard water consumes more soap because hard water contains dissolved salts of calcium, magnesium and other heavy metals and it does not form lather with soap readily, due to the reaction shown below.
$$2RCOONa + Ca^{2+} \rightarrow (RCOO)_2 Ca + 2 Na^+$$
Question 6
1 / -0

Lye is used in soap-making. It is a concentrated solution of which ionic compound?

A
$$NaCl$$

B
$$NaOH$$

C
$$CuSO_4$$

D
$$K_2CO_3$$

Solution

Lye is used in soap-making. It is a concentrated solution of $$NaOH$$. A lye is a liquid obtained by leaching ashes, or a strong alkali which is highly soluble in water producing caustic basic solutions. "Lye" is commonly the alternative name of sodium hydroxide.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following is not an essential part of an emulsion?

A
Dissolved salt

B
Water

C
Oil

D
Emulsifier

Solution

Dissolved salts are not an essential part of an emulsion. Emulsion, a mixture of two liquids that ordinarily do not combine, such as oil and water. When stirred or shaken vigorously, the two liquids will form a temporary emulsion. Within a relatively short time, however, the two will separate into distinct layers.

A permanent emulsion can be made by adding a third substance, called an emulsifier or emulsifying agent, to the mixture. Oil and water will form a permanent emulsion if soap or detergent is added as an emulsifier. Milk is a permanent emulsion of butterfat in water, with casein acting as the emulsifier. An emulsion is a colloid.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following molecular formulas corresponds to that of an unsaturated fatty acid?

A
$$C_{18}H_{35}COOH$$

B
$$C_{16}H_{33}COOH$$

C
$$C_{19}H_{39}COOH$$

D
$$C_{17}H_{35}COOH$$

Solution

$$ C_{18}H_{35}COOH $$ is an unsaturated fatty acid, which when heated up with concentrated sodium hydroxide, forms soap.
Question 9
1 / -0

A good surfactant will have a:

A
hydrophilic tail

B
hydrophilic head and a long hydrophobic tail

C
hydrophobic head and tail

D
hydrophilic head and a short hydrophobic tail

Solution

A good surfactant will have a hydrophilic head and a long hydrophobic tail. Therefore, a surfactant molecule contains both water insoluble (or oil soluble component) and a water soluble component. Surfactant molecules will migrate to the water surface, where the insoluble hydrophobic group may extend out of the bulk water phase, either into the air or, if water is mixed with an oil, into the oil phase, while the water soluble head group remains in the water phase. This alignment and aggregation of surfactant molecules at the surface, acts to alter the surface properties of water at the water/air or water/oil interface.
Question 10
1 / -0

What is one environmental problem associated with the use of detergents?

A
Global warming

B
Eutrophication

C
Erosion

D
Photochemical smog

Solution

Eutrophication is one of the environmental problem associated with the use of detergents.

It is the enrichment of an ecosystem with chemical nutrients, typically compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, or both which causes decline or loss of species biodiversity.

Option B is correct.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 24

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Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 24

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Question 1

Tranquilizer

Antibiotic

Antipyretic

Analgesic

Solution

Question 2

Omeprazole

Chloramphenicol

Diphenhydramine

Norethindrone

Solution

Question 3

$$RCOONa$$

$$RONa$$

$$RSNa$$

$$RSO_3Na$$

Solution

Question 4

reduce the neurotic syndrome

prevent secondary complication

prevent destructiveness by the client

make the client more amenable to psychotherapy

Solution

Question 5

Assertion is correct but Reason is wrong.

Assertion is correct but Reason is right.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

Solution

Question 6

$$NaCl$$

$$NaOH$$

$$CuSO_4$$

$$K_2CO_3$$

Solution

Question 7

Dissolved salt

Water

Oil

Emulsifier

Solution

Question 8

$$C_{18}H_{35}COOH$$

$$C_{16}H_{33}COOH$$

$$C_{19}H_{39}COOH$$

$$C_{17}H_{35}COOH$$

Solution

Question 9

hydrophilic tail

hydrophilic head and a long hydrophobic tail

hydrophobic head and tail

hydrophilic head and a short hydrophobic tail

Solution

Question 10

Global warming

Eutrophication

Erosion

Photochemical smog

Solution

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