Chemistry in Everyday Life Test

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Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 49

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The main difference between bathing and washing soap is:

A
bathing soaps are potassium salts of fatty acids while washing soaps are sodium salts of fatty acids.

B
bathing soaps are sodium salts of fatty acids while washing soaps are potassium salts of fatty acids.

C
bathing soaps are cationic in nature while washing soaps are anionic.

D
bathing soaps are calcium salts of fatty acids while washing soaps are magnesium salts of fatty acids.

Solution

Bathing soap are potassium salts of long chain fatty acids. They are usually soft and are also free from unused alkali.

Washing soaps, on the other hand, are sodium salts of long chain fatty acids. They are usually hard and also contain some residual alkali.

Option A is correct
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following is an example of non-biodegradable detergent?

A

B

C

D
$$CH_3-(CH_2)_{10}-CH_2-OSO_3Na$$

Solution

Branched alkyl groups are not dissociated easily and that's why such compounds are non-biodegradable.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a surfactant?

A
$$CH_3-(CH_2)_{15} - N^+(CH_3)_3Br^-$$

B
$$CH_3-(CH_2)_{14}-CH_2NH_2$$

C
$$CH_3-(CH_2)_{16}-CH_2OS{ O }_2^-Na^+$$

D
$$OHC- (CH_2)_{14} -CH_2- CO{ O }^-Na^+$$

Solution

Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules that have hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts.

Surfactants are typically classified based on their polar head as the hydrophobic tails are often similar.

If the head group has negative or positive charge, it is called anionic or cationic, respectively.

If it contains both positive and negative groups, then the surfactant is called zwitterionic.

Surfactant are those which have charge on their tail.

Option B is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a true statement about detergents?

A
Anionic detergents are sodium salts of sulphonated long chain alcohols or hydrocarbons.

B
Cationic detergents are quarternary ammonium salts of amines with acetates, chlorides or bromides as ions.

C
Non-ionic detergents do not contain any ion in their constitution.

D
Detergents containing branched hydrocarbon chains are biodegradable.
Solution
Anionic detergents are sodium salts of sulfonated long chain alcohols or hydrocarbons. Alkyl hydrogensulphates formed by treating long chain alcohols with concentrated sulphuric acid are neutralised with alkali to form anionic detergents.
Cationic detergents are quarternary ammonium salts of amines with acetates, chlorides or bromides as anions. Cationic part possesses a long hydrocarbon chain and a positive charge on the nitrogen atom. Hence, these are called cationic detergents.
Non-ionic detergents do not contain any ion in their constitution. One such detergent is formed when a stearic acid reacts with polyethylene glycol.
If the Detergent is having branched hydrocarbon chains, then bacteria cannot degrade this easily and hence it starts accumulating which is non-biodegradable.
So here option D is the wrong statement.
Question 5
1 / -0

For the preparation of a detergent 'P' from benzene, the following steps are involved:
These steps should be in the sequence of:

A
$$I, II, III$$

B
$$II, I, III$$

C
$$II, III, I$$

D
$$I, III, II$$

Solution
Question 6
1 / -0

The final product 'Y' is medicine. Which of the following is incorrect regarding 'Y'?

A
It has analgesic as well as antipyretic properties.

B
It helps to prevent heart attacks.

C
It has anti-blood clotting action.

D
It suppresses the gastric anomalies.

Solution

Aspirin acts as a gastric irritant.
So, option D is correct.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a food additive?

A
Preservatives

B
Sweetening agents

C
Flavours

D
Oxidants

Solution

Antioxidants are added to food to prevent it from spoiling.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following chemicals can be added for sweetening of food items at cooking temperature and does not provide calories?

A
Sucrose

B
Glucose

C
Aspartame

D
Sucralose

Solution

Sucralose is trichloro derivative of sucrose. Its appearance and taste are like sugar. It is stable at cooking temperature and does not provide calories.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following is an example of liquid dishwashing detergent?

A
$$CH_3(CH_2)_{10}-CH_2OSO^-_3Na^+$$

B

C

D
$$\left[CH_3(CH_2)_{15} - \underset{\displaystyle {CH_3}}{\underset{|}{\overset{\displaystyle {CH_3}}{\overset{|}{N}}}} - CH_3 \right]^+ Br^-$$
Solution
Non-ionic detergents do not contain any ion in their constitution. Liquid dishwashing detergents are the non-ionic type. Mechanism of cleansing action of this type of detergents is the same as that of soaps. These also remove grease and oil from micelle formation.
Option B represents Liquid dishwashing detergent with hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the molecule.
Question 10
1 / -0

The most useful classification of drugs for medicinal chemists is _______.

A
on the basis of chemical structure

B
on the basis of drug action

C
on the basis of molecular targets

D
on the basis of pharmacological effect

Solution

The classification based on molecular targets is the most useful classification for medicinal chemists.