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  • Question 1
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    According to Ellingham diagram, the oxidation reaction of carbon to carbon monoxide may be used to reduce which one of the following oxides at the lowest temperature?

  • Question 2
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    Directions For Questions

    The Ellingham diagram for zinc, magnesium and carbon converting into corresponding oxides is shown below :

    ...view full instructions

    At what temperature, zinc and carbon have equal affinity for oxygen?

  • Question 3
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    Froth flotation process used for the concentration of sulfide ore _______________.

  • Question 4
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    Directions For Questions

    For a spontaneous reaction, the free energy change must be negative.                                    
                          
                                  $$\Delta G=\Delta H- T $$ $$\Delta S$$ 

    $$\Delta$$$$H$$ is the enthalpy change during the reaction. $$T$$ is the absolute temperature, and $$\Delta$$$$S$$ is the change in entropy during the reaction. Consider a reaction such as the formation of an oxide. 

                                   $$M+O_{2}$$ $$\rightarrow$$ $$MO$$ 

    Dioxygen is used up in the course of this reaction. Gases have a more random structure (less ordered) than liquid or solids. Consequently, gases have a higher entropy than liquids and solids. In this reaction, $$S$$ (entropy or randomness) decreases, hence $$\Delta$$S is negative. Thus, if the temperature is raised then $$T\Delta$$S becomes more negative. Since $$T\Delta$$S is subtracted in the equation, then $$\Delta$$G becomes negative. 

    Thus, the free energy change increases with the increase in temperature. The free energy changes that occur when one mole of common reactant (in this case dioxygen) is used may be plotted graphically against temperature for a number of reactions of metals to their oxides. The following plot is called an Ellingham diagram for metal oxide. Understanding of Ellingham diagram is extremely important for the efficient extraction of metals

    ...view full instructions

    Free energy change of Hg and Mg for the conversion to oxides the slope of $$\Delta G$$ vs. T has been changes above the boiling points of the given metal because -

  • Question 5
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    Select the correct statement.

  • Question 6
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    Directions For Questions

    For a spontaneous reaction, the free energy change must be negative.                                    
                          
                                  $$\Delta G=\Delta H- T $$ $$\Delta S$$ 

    $$\Delta$$$$H$$ is the enthalpy change during the reaction. $$T$$ is the absolute temperature, and $$\Delta$$$$S$$ is the change in entropy during the reaction. Consider a reaction such as the formation of an oxide. 

                                   $$M+O_{2}$$ $$\rightarrow$$ $$MO$$ 

    Dioxygen is used up in the course of this reaction. Gases have a more random structure (less ordered) than liquid or solids. Consequently, gases have a higher entropy than liquids and solids. In this reaction, $$S$$ (entropy or randomness) decreases, hence $$\Delta$$S is negative. Thus, if the temperature is raised then $$T\Delta$$S becomes more negative. Since $$T\Delta$$S is subtracted in the equation, then $$\Delta$$G becomes negative. 

    Thus, the free energy change increases with the increase in temperature. The free energy changes that occur when one mole of common reactant (in this case dioxygen) is used may be plotted graphically against temperature for a number of reactions of metals to their oxides. The following plot is called an Ellingham diagram for metal oxide. Understanding of Ellingham diagram is extremely important for the efficient extraction of metals

    ...view full instructions

    For the conversion of Ca(s) to CaO(s) which of the following represent the $$\Delta G$$ vs. T

  • Question 7
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    Sulphide ores are common for metals:

  • Question 8
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    Gold is extracted by hydrometallurgical process, based on its property:

  • Question 9
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    The oxide of metal $${R}$$ can be reduced by the metal $${P}$$ and metal $${R}$$ can reduce the oxide of metal $${Q}$$. Then the decreasing order of the reactivity of metal $${P}$$, $${Q}$$ and $${R}$$ with oxygen is:

  • Question 10
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    Method used for obtained highly pure silicon, used as a semiconductor material, is

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