General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test

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General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test - 42

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Question 1
1 / -0

Fill in the blanks with the correct choice.
The undesired impurities present in the ores are called ___(i)___. To remove the volatile impurities from the ore, the ___(ii)___ process is carried out. Flux combines with non-fusible impurities to form ___(iii)___. $$CaO$$ acts as a ___(iv)___ flux.

A
(i) - gangue, (ii) -roasting, (iii) - slag, (iv) -acidic

B
(i) - gangue, (ii) - calcination, (iii) - slag, (iv) - basic

C
(i) - anode mud, (ii) - leaching, (iii) - matrix, (iv) -acidic

D
(i) - gangue, (ii) -roasting, (iii) - solution, (iv) -acidic

Solution

$$(i)$$ The undesired impurities present in the ores are called gangue.
$$(ii)$$ To remove the volatile impurities from the ore calcination is carried out.
$$(iii)$$ Flux combines with non-fusible impurities to form slag.
$$(iv)$$ $$CaO$$ acts as basic flux.
Question 2
1 / -0

Ellingham diagram represents change of:

A
$$\Delta G$$ with temperature

B
$$\Delta H $$ with temperature

C
$$\Delta G $$ with pressure

D
($$\Delta G-T\Delta S$$) with temperature

Solution

Ellingham Diagram is diagrams which help us in predicting the feasibility of thermal reduction of ore.

Ellingham diagram normally consists of plots of $$\Delta G$$ vs $$T$$ for the formation of oxides of common metals and reducing agents i.e., for the reaction shown below,

$$2xM{(s)}+O_2(g) \rightarrow 2M_xO$$

Hence, options A is the correct answer.
Question 3
1 / -0

The oil used as frothing agent in froth floatation process is:

A
coconut oil

B
castor oil

C
palmitic oil

D
pine oil
Solution
Froth floatation method is used for removing gangue from sulphide ores. In this process, a suspension of the powdered ore is made with water.
Collectors and froth stabilizers are added to it.
Collectors (e.g., pine oils, fatty acids, xanthates, etc.) enhance non-wettability of the mineral particles and froth stabilizers (e.g., cresols, aniline) stabilize the froth.
The mineral particles become wet by oils while the gangue particles by water.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is correct?
(i) Copper is extracted by hydrometallurgy from low-grade ores.
(ii) In the electrolytic reduction of alumina, graphite is acting as an anode and steel vessel with the lining of carbon acts as an anode.
(iii) In Hall-Heroult process, aluminium is obtained at anode and CO and $$CO_2$$ are produced at the cathode.

A
(i) only

B
(i) and (ii) only

C
(ii) and (iii) only

D
All of these

Solution

$$(i)$$ Copper is extracted by hydrometallurgy from low-grade ores. It is leached out using acid or bacteria. The solution containing $$Cu^{2+}$$ is treated with scrap iron or $$H_2$$.
$$Cu^{2+} (aq)+H_2 (g)\longrightarrow Cu (s)+2H^+ (aq)$$
$$(ii)$$ In the electrolytic reduction of alumina. The graphite act as anode and steel with a lining of carbon acts as an anode.
$$(iii)$$ The process of extracting Aluminium from Alumina $$(Al_2O_3)$$ by electrolysis is called Hall-Heroult process. In this process Aluminium is produced at cathode which is obtained by outlet, oxygen is released at an anode. It reacts with carbon of anode producing $$CO$$ and $$CO_2$$.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following is used as a method of purification for silicon?

A
Electrolytic refining

B
Liquation

C
Zone refining

D
Distillation
Solution
Zone refining is based on the principle that the impurities are more soluble in the melt than in the solid state of the metal.
A mobile heater surrounding the rod of impure metal is fixed at its one end. The molten zone moves along with the heater which is moved forward. As the heater moves forward, the pure metal crystallizes out of the melt left behind and the impurities pass on into the adjacent new molten zone created by movement of heaters.
The process is repeated several times and the heater is moved in the same direction again and again. Impurities get concentrated at one end. This end is cut off.
This method is very useful for producing semiconductor and other metals of very high purity, e.g., germanium, silicon, boron, gallium, and indium.
Question 6
1 / -0

Four metals and their methods of refinement are given
(i) $$Ni,\ Cu,\ Zr,\ Ga$$
(ii) Electrolysis, van Arkel process, zone refining, Mond's process
Choose the right method for each:

A
$$Ni:$$ Electrolysis, $$Cu:$$ van Arkel process, $$Zr:$$ Zone refining, $$Ga:$$ Mond's process

B
$$Ni:$$ Mond's process, $$Cu:$$ Electrolysis, $$Zn:$$ van Arkel process, $$Ga:$$ Zone refining

C
$$Ni:$$ Mond's process, $$Cu:$$ van Arkel process, $$Zr:$$ Zone refining, $$Ga:$$ Electrolysis

D
$$Ni:$$ Electrolysis, $$Cu:$$ Zone refining, $$Zr:$$ van Arkel process, $$Ga:$$ Mond's process

Solution

$$Ni$$ is refined by Mond's process.
$$Cu$$ is refined by Electrolysis.
$$Zn$$ is refined by Van Arkel process.
$$Ga$$ is refined by Zone refining.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a method of refining of metals?

A
Electrolysis

B
Smelting

C
Poling

D
Liquation

Solution

Smelting is process in which metal is extracted from its ore by heating and melting. It is not a method of refining metal. Methods of refining metals are electrolysis poling, liquation, zone refining, vapour phase refining, distillation.
Question 8
1 / -0

In this method, a low melting metal like tin can be made to flow on a sloping surface. In this way it is separated from higher melting impurities. The method is known as:

A
distillation

B
vapour phase refining

C
liquation

D
zone refining
Solution
In Liquation a low melting metal like tin can be made to flow on a sloping surface. In this way it is separated from higher melting impurities.
Hence,option C is correct.
Question 9
1 / -0

A number of elements are available in earth's crust but most abundant elements are _______.

A
$$Al$$ and $$Fe$$

B
$$Fe$$ and $$Cu$$

C
$$Cu$$ and $$Ag$$

D
none of these

Solution

Aluminium is the first most abundant metal element and Iron is the next element.
Question 10
1 / -0

Extraction of chlorine from brine is based on:

A
reduction

B
displacement

C
oxidation

D
evaporation

Solution

In the extraction of chlorine by electrolysis of brine, oxidation of $${ Cl }^{ - }$$ ion to chlorine gas occurs.
$$2{ Cl }^{ - }+2{ H }_{ 2 }O\rightarrow 2{ OH }^{ - }+{ H }_{ 2 }+{ Cl }_{ 2 }$$

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General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test - 42

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General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test - 42

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Question 1

(i) - gangue, (ii) -roasting, (iii) - slag, (iv) -acidic

(i) - gangue, (ii) - calcination, (iii) - slag, (iv) - basic

(i) - anode mud, (ii) - leaching, (iii) - matrix, (iv) -acidic

(i) - gangue, (ii) -roasting, (iii) - solution, (iv) -acidic

Solution

Question 2

$$\Delta G$$ with temperature

$$\Delta H $$ with temperature

$$\Delta G $$ with pressure

($$\Delta G-T\Delta S$$) with temperature

Solution

Question 3

coconut oil

castor oil

palmitic oil

pine oil

Solution

Question 4

(i) only

(i) and (ii) only

(ii) and (iii) only

All of these

Solution

Question 5

Electrolytic refining

Liquation

Zone refining

Distillation

Solution

Question 6

$$Ni:$$ Electrolysis, $$Cu:$$ van Arkel process, $$Zr:$$ Zone refining, $$Ga:$$ Mond's process

$$Ni:$$ Mond's process, $$Cu:$$ Electrolysis, $$Zn:$$ van Arkel process, $$Ga:$$ Zone refining

$$Ni:$$ Mond's process, $$Cu:$$ van Arkel process, $$Zr:$$ Zone refining, $$Ga:$$ Electrolysis

$$Ni:$$ Electrolysis, $$Cu:$$ Zone refining, $$Zr:$$ van Arkel process, $$Ga:$$ Mond's process

Solution

Question 7

Electrolysis

Smelting

Poling

Liquation

Solution

Question 8

distillation

vapour phase refining

liquation

zone refining

Solution

Question 9

$$Al$$ and $$Fe$$

$$Fe$$ and $$Cu$$

$$Cu$$ and $$Ag$$

none of these

Solution

Question 10

reduction

displacement

oxidation

evaporation

Solution

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