General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test

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General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test - 59

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not correct?

A
Zinc can be extracted from its ore by roasting followed by extraction with coke.

B
In reverberatory furnace, both oxidation and reduction processes can be carried out.

C
Silver is purified by distillation or liquation process.

D
Highly pure metals are obtained by zone refining.

Solution

Silver has moderate boiling and melting points. So, it cannot be refined by distillation or liquation.
Question 2
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For the reduction of FeO at the temperature corresponding to point D, which of the following statement is correct?

A
$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the overall reduction with carbon monoxide is zero.

B
$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the overall reaction with a mixture of 1 mol carbon and 1 mol oxygen is positive.

C
$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the overall reduction with a mixture of 2 mol carbon and 1 mol oxygen will be positive.

D
$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the reduction reaction with carbon monoxide is negative.

Solution

At the point 'D', both the curves of oxidation of Fe and oxidation of $$CO$$ intersect, therefore at this point, $$\triangle G°$$ value for the overall reduction of $$FeO$$ to $$Fe$$ with $$CO$$ is zero.
Question 3
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In the following Ellingham diagram, X, Y and Z represent graphs for metal oxides. Select the correct option.

A
Y will reduce oxide of Z.

B
Y will reduce oxide of X.

C
Z will reduce oxide of X.

D
Z will reduce oxide of Y.

Solution

An Ellingham diagram is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the stability for the compounds. This analysis is usually used to evaluate the ease of reduction of metal oxides and sulphides.

Features-
$$1.$$ The lower the position of a metal's line in the Ellingham diagram the greater the stability of its oxide.
$$2.$$ Stability of Metallic oxide decreases with increases in temperature.
$$3.$$ For a given temperature if $$2$$ metals are compared, the metal with lower Gibbs free energy of oxidation on the diagram will reduce the oxide with higher Gibbs free energies.
$$4.$$ The greater the gap between any two lines the greater the effectiveness of reducing agents to the lower line.
$$5.$$ The intersection of two lines implies an oxidation-reduction equilibrium.

So, by this point no. $$3$$: $$Y$$ will reduce oxide of $$Z$$.
Question 4
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Which of the following is not correct observation based on Ellingham diagram?

A
A metal can reduce the oxide of other metal which lies above it in the Ellingham diagram.

B
$$CO$$ is more effective than $$C$$ as reducing agent below $$170^0C$$.

C
$$\Delta G^0$$ of metal oxide is higher than of $$CO_2$$ hence oxidation of metal sulphides to oxides is not favourable.

D
Need for conversion of metal sulphide to metal oxide before reduction can be explained thermodynamically.

Solution

An Ellingham diagram in chemistry is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the stability of the compounds. This analysis is normally used to evaluate the ease of the reduction of metal oxides and sulfides.

As we move down towards the bottom of the diagram metals become more reactive and their oxides become harder to reduce. A given metal cannot reduce the oxides of other metal which lie above it in the Ellingham diagram.

Option A is correct.
Question 5
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Match the column I with column II and mark the appropriate choice.
Column I Column II
(A) Metals used as semiconductors (i) Aluminium
(B) Electrolytic reduction (ii) Zone refining
(C) Cyanide process (iii) Dressing of $$ZnS$$
(D) Froth floatation process (iv) Extraction of $$Ag$$

A
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(i), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(iii), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(ii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (iv)

B
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(iii), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(iv), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(ii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (i)

C
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(iv), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(ii), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(iii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (i)

D
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(ii), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(i), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(iv), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (iii)

Solution

A. Semiconductor materials are purified by zone refining. It works on the solubility difference between metal and impurity.

B. The electrolytic reduction is used for '$$Al$$' because of high electropositivity.

C. Cyanide Process (or) Mc-Arthur process is used for '$$Ag$$' extraction.

D. Sulphide ores are concentrated through the froth-flotation method. So, $$ZnS$$ is purified by it.
Question 6
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Below point 'A' FeO can_____.

A
be reduced by carbon monoxide only

B
be reduced by both carbon monoxide and carbon

C
be reduced by carbon only

D
not be reduced by both carbon monoxide and carbon

Solution

Below point 'A' $$FeO$$ can be reduced by Carbon monoxide only as the curve of formation of $$C{ O }_{ 2 }$$ from $$CO$$ lies below the oxidation curve of Fe.

Option A is correct.
Question 7
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Choose the correct option of temperature at which carbon reduces FeO to iron and produces CO.

A
Below temperature at point A

B
Approximately at the temperature corresponding to point A

C
Above temperature at point A but below temperature at point D

D
Above temperature at point A

Solution

The two lines intersects each other at a point $$'A'$$.
Above the temperature, at a point, $$'A'$$, carbon can reduce $$FeO$$ to Iron and in-turn produces $$CO$$.
Question 8
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Carbon cannot be used to produce magnesium by chemical reduction of $$MgO$$ because:

A
carbon is not a powerful reducing agent

B
magnesium reacts with carbon to form carbides

C
magnesium is less electropositive than carbon

D
carbon does not react with magnesium

Solution
Question 9
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In Hall Heroult's process, the main reagent is mixed with:

A
$${B}_{2}{H}_{6}$$

B
$${C}_{2}{H}_{6}$$

C
$${Na}_{3}Al{F}_{6}$$

D
$$Si{H}_{4}$$

Solution

$$N{ a }_{ 3 }Al{ F }_{ 6 }$$ is called as Cryolite. It is used in the Hall–Heroult process, It involves dissolving aluminium oxide (alumina) (obtained most often from bauxite, aluminium's chief ore, through the Bayer process) in molten cryolite.

Hence cryolite is mixed with the main reagent.
Question 10
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Which reduction method is used in commercial extraction of Pb?

A
Aluminium reduction

B
Self Reduction

C
Electrolytic reduction

D
Hydrometallurgical reduction

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	Column I		Column II
(A)	Metals used as semiconductors	(i)	Aluminium
(B)	Electrolytic reduction	(ii)	Zone refining
(C)	Cyanide process	(iii)	Dressing of $$ZnS$$
(D)	Froth floatation process	(iv)	Extraction of $$Ag$$

General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test - 59

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General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements Test - 59

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Zinc can be extracted from its ore by roasting followed by extraction with coke.

In reverberatory furnace, both oxidation and reduction processes can be carried out.

Silver is purified by distillation or liquation process.

Highly pure metals are obtained by zone refining.

Solution

Question 2

$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the overall reduction with carbon monoxide is zero.

$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the overall reaction with a mixture of 1 mol carbon and 1 mol oxygen is positive.

$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the overall reduction with a mixture of 2 mol carbon and 1 mol oxygen will be positive.

$$\triangle G^0$$ value for the reduction reaction with carbon monoxide is negative.

Solution

Question 3

Y will reduce oxide of Z.

Y will reduce oxide of X.

Z will reduce oxide of X.

Z will reduce oxide of Y.

Solution

Question 4

A metal can reduce the oxide of other metal which lies above it in the Ellingham diagram.

$$CO$$ is more effective than $$C$$ as reducing agent below $$170^0C$$.

$$\Delta G^0$$ of metal oxide is higher than of $$CO_2$$ hence oxidation of metal sulphides to oxides is not favourable.

Need for conversion of metal sulphide to metal oxide before reduction can be explained thermodynamically.

Solution

Question 5

(A) $$\rightarrow$$(i), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(iii), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(ii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (iv)

(A) $$\rightarrow$$(iii), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(iv), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(ii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (i)

(A) $$\rightarrow$$(iv), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(ii), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(iii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (i)

(A) $$\rightarrow$$(ii), (B)$$\rightarrow$$(i), (C)$$\rightarrow$$(iv), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (iii)

Solution

Question 6

be reduced by carbon monoxide only

be reduced by both carbon monoxide and carbon

be reduced by carbon only

not be reduced by both carbon monoxide and carbon

Solution

Question 7

Below temperature at point A

Approximately at the temperature corresponding to point A

Above temperature at point A but below temperature at point D

Above temperature at point A

Solution

Question 8

carbon is not a powerful reducing agent

magnesium reacts with carbon to form carbides

magnesium is less electropositive than carbon

carbon does not react with magnesium

Solution

Question 9

$${B}_{2}{H}_{6}$$

$${C}_{2}{H}_{6}$$

$${Na}_{3}Al{F}_{6}$$

$$Si{H}_{4}$$

Solution

Question 10

Aluminium reduction

Self Reduction

Electrolytic reduction

Hydrometallurgical reduction

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