The p-Block Elements Test

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The p-Block Elements Test - 41

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which element is more likely to exist in many different forms?

A
Barium

B
Phosphorous

C
Rubidium

D
Fluorine

E
Manganese

Solution

Phosphorous is more likely to exist in many different forms.
Various allotropes of phosphorous include red phosphorous, black phosphorous, white phosphorous or yellow phosphorous.
Question 2
1 / -0

Find the gases which is the densest at standard temperature and pressure.

A
Helium

B
Argon

C
Carbon dioxide

D
Xenon

E
Nitrogen

Solution

The gas which is the densest at standard temperature and pressure is xenon.
At standard temperature and pressure, pure xenon gas has a density of 5.761 kg/m$$^3$$, about 4.5 times the surface density of the earth's atmosphere, 1.217 kg/m$$^3$$. As a liquid, xenon has a density of up to 3.100 g/mL, with the maximum density occurring at the triple point.
Question 3
1 / -0

In commercial industry, ammonia is prepared by :

A
decomposition of salts

B
contact process

C
arc process

D
combining hydrogen and nitrogen gases (Haber process)

Solution

In commercial industry, ammonia is prepared by combining hydrogen and nitrogen gases (Haber process).
$$N_2 + 3H_2 \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3+24\ kcal$$
Question 4
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What are the missing products of the following reaction? $$\displaystyle { NH }_{ 4 }Cl+{ Ca\left( OH \right) }_{ 2 }\rightarrow \_ \_ \_ +Ca{ Cl }_{ 2 }$$

A
$$\displaystyle { N }_{ 2 }$$

B
$$\displaystyle { NH }_{ 3 }$$

C
$$\displaystyle { H }_{ 2 }O$$

D
$$\displaystyle { NH }_{ 3 }+{ N }_{ 2 }$$

E
$$\displaystyle { NH }_{ 3 }+{ H }_{ 2 }O$$

Solution

Calcium hydroxide reacts with ammonium chloride to give ammonia, water and calcuim chloride.

$${ 2NH }_{ 4 }Cl+Ca{ (OH) }_{ 2 }\rightarrow { 2NH }_{ 3 }+{ 2H }_{ 2 }O+{ CaCl }_{ 2 }$$
Question 5
1 / -0

Read the two statements given below and answer whether they are true or false.

Statement I: $${He}_{2}$$ is not a commonly known form.

Statement II: $$He$$ is lighter than air.

A
Both the statements are false

B
Statement $$I$$ is true and Statement $$II$$ is false

C
Statement $$I$$ is false and Statement $$II$$ is true

D
Both the statements are true
Question 6
1 / -0

The number of valence electrons present in noble gases is:

A
$$6$$

B
$$18$$

C
$$8$$

D
$$4$$

Solution

The number of valence electrons present in noble gases is 8.
For example the noble gas with atomic number 18 has electronic configuration $$\displaystyle 1s^2 \: 2s^22p^6 \: 3s^23p^6$$. Since it has completed its octet, it is stable and least reactive.
Question 7
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Identify the true statement regarding nitrates of all metals.

A
All nitrates decompose to give $$N{ O }_{ 2 }$$

B
All nitrates are soluble in water

C
All nitrates are insoluble in water

D
All nitrates are stable to heat

Solution

Nitrates of divalent and trivalent metals (Mg, Ca, Ba, Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg, Al, Fe etc.) decompose on heating to give reddish brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide.
The nitrates, chlorates, and acetates of all metals are soluble in water.
Nitrates are not stable to heat they decompose to release nitrogen dioxide.
Question 8
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Formation of $${O}^{-}$$ is ________, whereas formation of $${O}^{-2}$$ is __________.

A
exothermic, endothermic

B
endothermic, exothermic

C
endothermic, endothermic

D
exothermic, exothermic

Solution

The formation of an $$O^-$$ ion is exothermic, which means energy is released in the process. This is because adding an electron to $$O$$ is much easier as it is electropositive and has a high electron affinity. The electron gain enthalpy in this case is $$-142 {\text{ kjmol}}^{-1}$$.
$$O + e^- \rightarrow O^-$$ $$[\Delta r^\circ = -142 {\text { kjmol}^{-1}}]$$

To form an $$O^{2-}$$ ion, another electron has to be added to $$O^-$$ ion. However, since $$O^-$$ ion is already negatively charged, it resists the addition of a negatively charged electron. Thus, because of the repulsive coulumbic forces between the ion and the electron, more energy is required to overcome these forces. So, the formation of $$O^{2-}$$ is an endothermic process as energy is absorbed. The electron gain enthalpy in this case is $$+844 {\text { kjmol}^{-1}}$$.
$$O^- + e^- \rightarrow O^{2-}$$ $$[\Delta r^\circ = +844 {\text{ kjmol}^{-1}}]$$
Question 9
1 / -0

Nitrogen reacts with a metal $$M$$ to produce a compound $$X$$. This compound $$X$$ when dissolved in water forms pungent gas $$Y$$ which can be identified easily by the formation of white fumes in the presence of $$HCl$$.

Identify Y:

A
Nitrogen dioxide

B
Ammonia

C
Nitrous oxide

D
Nitric oxide

Solution

$$ 3Ca+{ N }_{ 2 }\xrightarrow [ \Delta ]{ } { Ca }_{ 3 }{ N }_{ 2 } $$

$$ { Ca }_{ 3 }{ N }_{ 2 }+6{ H }_{ 2 }O\xrightarrow [ ]{ } 3Ca{ (OH) }_{ 2 }+2N{ H }_{ 3 } $$
From the reaction we can see that the metal $$ M $$ is $$Ca$$ and pungent gas $$ Y $$ is Ammonia.
Question 10
1 / -0

In crystalline form sulphur existing in $${ S }_{ 8 }$$ molecule has:

A
crown shaped structure

B
tetrahedral structure

C
pyramidal structure

D
angular structure

Solution

In crystalline form sulphur existing in $$\displaystyle S_8$$ molecule has Crown shaped structure.

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The p-Block Elements Test - 41

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The p-Block Elements Test - 41

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Barium

Phosphorous

Rubidium

Fluorine

Manganese

Solution

Question 2

Helium

Argon

Carbon dioxide

Xenon

Nitrogen

Solution

Question 3

decomposition of salts

contact process

arc process

combining hydrogen and nitrogen gases (Haber process)

Solution

Question 4

$$\displaystyle { N }_{ 2 }$$

$$\displaystyle { NH }_{ 3 }$$

$$\displaystyle { H }_{ 2 }O$$

$$\displaystyle { NH }_{ 3 }+{ N }_{ 2 }$$

$$\displaystyle { NH }_{ 3 }+{ H }_{ 2 }O$$

Solution

Question 5

Both the statements are false

Statement $$I$$ is true and Statement $$II$$ is false

Statement $$I$$ is false and Statement $$II$$ is true

Both the statements are true

Question 6

$$6$$

$$18$$

$$8$$

$$4$$

Solution

Question 7

All nitrates decompose to give $$N{ O }_{ 2 }$$

All nitrates are soluble in water

All nitrates are insoluble in water

All nitrates are stable to heat

Solution

Question 8

exothermic, endothermic

endothermic, exothermic

endothermic, endothermic

exothermic, exothermic

Solution

Question 9

Nitrogen dioxide

Ammonia

Nitrous oxide

Nitric oxide

Solution

Question 10

crown shaped structure

tetrahedral structure

pyramidal structure

angular structure

Solution

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