The p-Block Elements Test

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The p-Block Elements Test - 51

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The heat of atomisation of $${ P }_{ 2 }{ H }_{ 4 } (g)$$ and $${ P }{ H }_{ 3 } (g)$$ are 355 kcal/mol and 228 kcal/mol respectively. The energy of $$P-P$$ bond is:

A
$$102\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

B
$$31\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

C
$$26\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

D
$$204\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

Solution
Question 2
1 / -0

In the Haber process for the industrial manufacturing of ammonia involving the reaction
$${ N }_{ 2 }(g)+3{ H }_{ 2 }(g)\rightleftharpoons 2{ NH }_{ 3 }(g)$$ at $$200atm$$ pressure in the presence of a catalyst, a temperature of about $${ 500 }^{ o }C$$ is used. This is considered as optimum temperature for the process because:

A
yield is maximum at this temperature

B
catalyst is active only at this temperature

C
energy needed for the reaction is easily obtained at this temperature

D
rate of the catalytic reaction is fast enough while the yield is also appreciable for this exothermic reaction at this temperature

Solution

In order to yield the maximum yield of ammonia, the temperature is lowered though $$500^oC$$ is not a low temperature. This temperature $$(500^oC)$$ is a compromise temperature to produce reasonably a high proportion of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture in a very short time.
Question 3
1 / -0

Formation of ammonia will be favorable in the following cases(s):
$$N_2(g)\,+\,3H_2(g)\rightarrow2NH_3(g)$$ $$\Delta H\,<\,0$$

A
Addition of inert gas at constant volume

B
Decreasing the volume of the container

C
Addition of inert gas at constant pressure

D
Increasing the pressure
Solution
In accordance with Le Chatelier’s principle, high pressure would favour the formation of ammonia. The optimum conditions for the production of ammonia are a pressure of 200 × 105 Pa (about 200 atm), a temperature of ~ 700 K and the use of a catalyst such as iron oxide with small amounts of $$K_2O$$ and $$Al_2O_3$$ to increase the rate of attainment of equilibrium.
Addition of an inert gas at constant volume: When an inert gas is added to the system in equilibrium at constant volume, the total pressure will increase. But the concentrations of the products and reactants (i.e. ratio of their moles to the volume of the container) will not change.
Hence, option A is correct answer as addition of ideal gas increases pressure and thus favours formation of Ammonia.
Question 4
1 / -0

The oxidation state of nitrogen in dinitrogen trioxide is:

A
$$+1$$

B
$$+2$$

C
$$+3$$

D
$$+4$$

Solution

Dinitrogen trioxide is $$N_2O_3$$.

The oxidation state of nitrogen in $$N_2O_3$$ is:

$$2\times x+3\times(-2)=0$$

$$x=+3$$

Therefore, option $$C$$ is correct.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which product will obtained in the following reaction?
Reaction: $${ P }_{ { 4 }_{ (a) } }+3Na{ OH }_{ (aq) }+3{ H }_{ 2 }{ O }_{ (l) }\quad \longrightarrow $$

A
$${ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3{ Na }_{ 2 }H{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }\quad $$

B
$${ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3Na{ H }_{ 2 }{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }\quad $$

C
$$2{ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3{ Na }_{ 2 }H{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }$$

D
$$ 2{ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3Na{ H }_{ 2 }{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }\quad $$

Solution

Phosphine is formed in the reaction,
$$P_4+3NaOH+3H_2O\longrightarrow PH_3+3NaH_2PO_2$$
Sodium hydrophosphite is also one of the products of the reaction.
Question 6
1 / -0

Xenon hexafluoride on partial hydrolysis produces compounds 'X' and 'Y'. Compounds 'X' and 'Y' and the oxidation state of Xe are respectively _______.

A
$$XeOF_4\ (+6)$$ and $$XeO_2F_2\ (+6)$$

B
$$XeOF_4\ (+6)$$ and $$XeO_3\ (+6)$$

C
$$XeO_2F_2\ (+6)$$ and $$XeO_2\ (+4)$$

D
$$XeO_2\ (+4)$$ and $$XeO_3\ (+6)$$

Solution

Xenon hexafluoride on partial hydrolysis produces compounds $$XeOF_4 $$ and $$XeO_2F_2 $$. In the compounds $$XeOF_4 $$ and $$XeO_2F_2 $$, the oxidation states of Xe are $$+6$$ and $$+6$$ respectively.

$$XeF_6 + H_2O \rightarrow XeOF_4 + 2 HF$$

$$ XeOF_4 + H_2O \rightarrow XeO_2F_2 + 2 HF$$
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following factors would favour the formation of ammonia?

A
High pressure

B
Low temperature

C
High volume

D
Low pressure

Solution

According to Le Chatelier's principle, high pressure would favour the formation of $$NH_{3}$$
$$N_{2}$$(g) + 3$$H_2$${g) $$\leftrightharpoons$$ $$NH_{3}$$(g)
The optimum conditions for the production of $$NH_{3}$$ are pressure of 200 x 10$$^{5}$$ Pa (about 200 atm) and temperature of -700 K.
In the given reaction, the number of moles of reactant is more than the product and according to the ideal gas equation, the pressure is inversely proportional to the number of moles.
Thus, by increasing pressure i.e. at high pressure, the reaction will proceed in a forward direction towards less number of moles. Thus the formation of the ammonia increases.
Question 8
1 / -0

A cold, green flame can be made by passing carbon dioxide over warm.

A
Grey tin

B
White phosphorous

C
Bronze

D
Green candles

Solution

When white phosphorous which is warm comes into contact with carbon dioxide, a cold and green flame is observed which burns brilliantly.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which gas is produced when calcium nitride $$(Ca_{3}N_{2})$$ is hydrolyzed by water?

A
$$N_{2}$$

B
$$NH_{3}$$

C
$$H_{2}$$

D
$$O_{2}$$

Solution

Ammonia gas is produced when calcium nitride $$(Ca_{3}N_{2})$$ is hydrolyzed by water.
$$Ca_3N_2+6H_2O \to 3Ca(OH)_2+2NH_3$$
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following compounds will not give ammonia on heating?

A
$$(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}$$

B
$$(NH_{4})_{2}CO_{3}$$

C
$$NH_{4}NO_{2}$$

D
$$NH_{4}Cl$$

Solution

$$NH_4NO_2$$ will not give ammonia on heating.It gives $$NO_2H_2O$$

$$NH_4NO_2(s)\rightarrow N_2(g) + 2H_2O(g)$$
.
Hence option C is correct.

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The p-Block Elements Test - 51

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The p-Block Elements Test - 51

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Question 1

$$102\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

$$31\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

$$26\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

$$204\ kcal\ { mol }^{ -1 }$$

Solution

Question 2

yield is maximum at this temperature

catalyst is active only at this temperature

energy needed for the reaction is easily obtained at this temperature

rate of the catalytic reaction is fast enough while the yield is also appreciable for this exothermic reaction at this temperature

Solution

Question 3

Addition of inert gas at constant volume

Decreasing the volume of the container

Addition of inert gas at constant pressure

Increasing the pressure

Solution

Question 4

$$+1$$

$$+2$$

$$+3$$

$$+4$$

Solution

Question 5

$${ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3{ Na }_{ 2 }H{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }\quad $$

$${ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3Na{ H }_{ 2 }{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }\quad $$

$$2{ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3{ Na }_{ 2 }H{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }$$

$$ 2{ PH }_{ { 3 }_{ (a) } }+3Na{ H }_{ 2 }{ PO }_{ { 2 }_{ (aq) } }\quad $$

Solution

Question 6

$$XeOF_4\ (+6)$$ and $$XeO_2F_2\ (+6)$$

$$XeOF_4\ (+6)$$ and $$XeO_3\ (+6)$$

$$XeO_2F_2\ (+6)$$ and $$XeO_2\ (+4)$$

$$XeO_2\ (+4)$$ and $$XeO_3\ (+6)$$

Solution

Question 7

High pressure

Low temperature

High volume

Low pressure

Solution

Question 8

Grey tin

White phosphorous

Bronze

Green candles

Solution

Question 9

$$N_{2}$$

$$NH_{3}$$

$$H_{2}$$

$$O_{2}$$

Solution

Question 10

$$(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}$$

$$(NH_{4})_{2}CO_{3}$$

$$NH_{4}NO_{2}$$

$$NH_{4}Cl$$

Solution

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