Nuclei Test

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Nuclei Test - 13

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Question 1
1 / -0

The binding energies of a deutron and an $$\alpha $$ -particle are 1.125, 7.2 MeV/nucleon respectively. Which is more stable of the two?

A
deuteron

B
$$\alpha $$-practicle

C
both

D
sometimes deutron and sometimes $$\alpha $$ -particle

Solution

The binding energy is a energy that holds the nucleus together.
Thus, more binding energy will give more stable nuclei. Here alpha particle has more binding energy so it will be more stable than deutron.
Question 2
1 / -0

What is the average binding energy per nucleon over a wide range ?

A
8MeV

B
8.8MeV

C
7.6MeV

D
1.1MeV

Solution

The average binding energy per nucleon is just the total binding energy divided by the number of nucleons.
If we consider $$Na$$ atom, its binding energy is 194 MeV.
Its binding energy per nucleon is given by $$\dfrac {194 MeV} {24} = 8.08 MeV$$
Question 3
1 / -0

When the number of nucleons in a nucleus increases, the binding energy per nucleon :

A
increases continuously with mass number

B
decreases continuously with mass number

C
remains constant with mass number

D
first increases and then decreases with increase in mass number

Solution

The binding energy is the energy released when a nucleus is assembled from its constituent nucleons. It is thus a measure of the amount of energy held within the bonds of the atom and corresponds to the energy required to be put in again to pull the nucleons apart. Hence, the energy equivalent of the mass-defect is called the binding-energy of the nucleus.

The larger the nucleus, the greater is the internal repulsive forces due to the greater number of protons and less energy must be applied to remove a nucleon from the nucleus, hence the binding energy is lower. The greater the binding energy, the more stable the atom is.

This variation in the binding energy per nucleon ($$\cfrac{BE}{A}$$) is easily seen when the average $$\cfrac{BE}{A}$$ is plotted versus atomic mass number (A), as shown in the figure, as the atomic mass number increases i.e. the number of particles in a nucleus increases, the total binding energy also increases first and then decreases for A > 56.
Question 4
1 / -0

The short range attractive nuclear forces that are responsible for the binding of nucleons in a nucleus are supposed to be caused by the role played by the particles called

A
Positron

B
m-Meson

C
K-Meson

D
$$\pi $$- Meson

Solution

The nuclear force between a neutron and proton is the result of the exchange of charged mesons $$({\pi}^+{\pi}^-)$$ between them.
So, correct answer is $$\pi$$-Meson.
Question 5
1 / -0

The percentage of mass lost during nuclear fusion is

A
0.1%

B
0.4%

C
0.5%

D
0.65%

Solution

In fusion reaction 0.65% of mass is converted into energy.
So, 0.65% of mass is lost during nuclear fusion.
So, correct option is option D. because it has 0.65% which is nearly 0.66%.
Question 6
1 / -0

Fusion reactions take place at about :

A
$$3\times 10^{2}$$ K

B
$$3\times 10^{3}$$ K

C
$$3\times 10^{4}$$ K

D
$$3\times 10^{6}$$ K

Solution

Fusion reaction takes place at $$10^7k$$
So, the correct choice is $$3\times 10^6k$$
Question 7
1 / -0

In an endothermic reaction the binding energies of reactants and products are $$e_{1}$$, $$e_{2}$$ respectively, then

A
$$e_{1}$$< $$e_{2}$$

B
$$e_{1}$$= $$e_{2}$$

C
$$e_{1}$$> $$e_{2}$$

D
$$e_{1}$$ $$\geq$$ $$e_{2}$$

Solution

In endothermic reaction the binding energy of reactants is more than the binding energy of products.
So, the correct choice is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

If the nuclei of masses $$X$$ and $$ Y $$ are fused together to form a nucleus of mass $$m$$ and some energy is released, then

A
$$X+Y=m$$

B
$$ X+Y< m $$

C
$$X+Y> m$$

D
$$X-Y=m$$

Solution

Since some energy is released, so one part of total mass of reactants is converted into energy
Therefore, total mass of reactants
$$X + Y$$
is more than the mass of nucleus ($$m$$)
So, we get $$X + Y > m$$
Question 9
1 / -0

The critical mass of a fissionable material is

A
0.1 kg

B
the minimum mass needed for chain reaction

C
the rest mass equivalent to 1020 joules

D
0.5 kg

Solution

If the mass of fissionable material exceeds a critical value, chain reaction or self propagating fission reaction or self propagating fission reaction takes place.
So, the correct choice is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

In an energy emitting nuclear reaction the binding energies of reactants and products are $$e_{1}$$, $$e_{2}$$ respectively.Then which is correct of the following ?

A
$$e_{1}$$ < $$e_{2}$$

B
$$e_{1}$$ = $$e_{2}$$

C
$$e_{1}$$ > $$e_{2}$$

D
$$e_{1}$$ $$\geq$$ $$e_{2}$$

Solution

In exothermic reaction the binding energy of reactants is less than the binding energy of products.
So, correct choice is option A.

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Nuclei Test - 13

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Nuclei Test - 13

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

deuteron

$$\alpha $$-practicle

both

sometimes deutron and sometimes $$\alpha $$ -particle

Solution

Question 2

8MeV

8.8MeV

7.6MeV

1.1MeV

Solution

Question 3

increases continuously with mass number

decreases continuously with mass number

remains constant with mass number

first increases and then decreases with increase in mass number

Solution

Question 4

Positron

m-Meson

K-Meson

$$\pi $$- Meson

Solution

Question 5

0.1%

0.4%

0.5%

0.65%

Solution

Question 6

$$3\times 10^{2}$$ K

$$3\times 10^{3}$$ K

$$3\times 10^{4}$$ K

$$3\times 10^{6}$$ K

Solution

Question 7

$$e_{1}$$< $$e_{2}$$

$$e_{1}$$= $$e_{2}$$

$$e_{1}$$> $$e_{2}$$

$$e_{1}$$ $$\geq$$ $$e_{2}$$

Solution

Question 8

$$X+Y=m$$

$$ X+Y< m $$

$$X+Y> m$$

$$X-Y=m$$

Solution

Question 9

0.1 kg

the minimum mass needed for chain reaction

the rest mass equivalent to 1020 joules

0.5 kg

Solution

Question 10

$$e_{1}$$ < $$e_{2}$$

$$e_{1}$$ = $$e_{2}$$

$$e_{1}$$ > $$e_{2}$$

$$e_{1}$$ $$\geq$$ $$e_{2}$$

Solution

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