Nuclei Test

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Nuclei Test - 18

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following represents the binding energy of a nucleus:

A
The average energy of each nucleon

B
The energy needed to split the nucleus into its parts

C
The mass-energy difference between protons and neutrons

D
The energy necessary to overcome the neutron-neutron repulsion

E
The energy required to remove a proton from the nucleu

Solution

It is observed that mass of a stable nucleus is always less than the total mass of constituent nucleons.This difference of mass is known as mass defect. When a nucleus is formed from the free nucleons mass defect is released in the form of energy by Einstein's mass-energy relation. This energy is used to bind the nucleons to form a nucleus therefore an equivalent amount of energy is required to split the nucleus into its parts, that is called binding energy of nucleus.
Question 2
1 / -0

What is the atomic mass (u) of calcium?

A
10

B
20

C
30

D
40

Solution

Atomic mass (u) of Calcium is 40 u.

Hence, the correct option is $$\text{D}$$
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following is NOT an isotope of uranium?

A
$$_{92}^{236}\textrm{U}$$

B
$$_{91}^{235}\textrm{U}$$

C
$$_{92}^{239}\textrm{U}$$

D
$$_{92}^{235}\textrm{U}$$

E
$$_{92}^{238}\textrm{U}$$

Solution

Isotopes of the same element have same atomic number but different mass number.
Atomic number of Uranium element is $$92$$.
Thus $$^{235}_{91} U$$ is not an isotope of uranium.
Question 4
1 / -0

What is the atomic mass (u) of sodium?

A
22

B
23

C
23.5

D
24

Solution

Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol $$Na$$ and atomic number $$11$$. Atomic mass (u) of sodium = $$23u$$.
It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal.
Question 5
1 / -0

$${ F }_{ pp },{ F }_{ nn }$$ and $${ F }_{ np }$$ are the nuclear forces between proton-proton, neutron-neutron and neutron-proton respectively. Then relation between them is

A
$${ F }_{ pp }={ F }_{ nn }\neq { F }_{ np }$$

B
$${ F }_{ pp }\neq { F }_{ nn }={ F }_{ np }$$

C
$${ F }_{ pp }={ F }_{ nn }={ F }_{ np }$$

D
$${ F }_{ pp }\neq { F }_{ nn }\neq { F }_{ np }$$

Solution

Nuclear force between two particles is independent of charges of particles.
$$\Rightarrow { F }_{ pp }={ F }_{ nn }={ F }_{ np }$$
Question 6
1 / -0

The binding energy per nucleon is maximum in the case

A
$$^{235}_{92}U$$

B
$$^{56}_{26}Fe$$

C
$$^{141}_{56}Ba$$

D
$$^2_4He$$

Solution

The above binding energy per nucleon curve clearly shows that $$^{56}_{26}Fe$$ has maximum BE per nucleon.
This value of the BE of the element accounts for it being the most stable element.
Question 7
1 / -0

Deuterium is the most common isotope of hydrogen. How many neutrons does it have?

A
4

B
3

C
2

D
1

E
0

Solution

Deuterium : $$^2_1H$$
Mass number: $$A = 2$$
Atomic number (or number of protons), $$Z =1$$
$$\therefore$$ Number of neutrons, $$N_n = A-Z = 2-1=1$$
Question 8
1 / -0

Identify the similarity between isotopes of the same element.

A
They have the same particles in the nucleus.

B
They have the same number of neutrons.

C
They are equally abundant in nature.

D
They have the same number of protons

E
They have the same mass.

Solution

Isotopes of the same element must have same number of protons but different number of neutrons and hence they have different mass.
Also the isotopes of same element are not equally abundant in nature.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following statement best describe Nuclear fusion reaction ?

A
two smaller nuclei are combined into a more massive nuclei.

B
the electrons are exchanged from one or more substances to produce a different substance, and the elements are the same in the products and reactants.

C
the nucleus of a large atom is split into two or more fragments.

D
the particles in the nucleus are changed, and one element is transformed into another element when particles in the nucleus are gained or lost.

E
radiation is made.

Solution

When two or smaller nuclei combine to form a bigger nucleus, then the reaction is known as nuclear fusion reaction. A huge amount of energy is released in such reactions.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following describe that two lighter atoms combine to form one heavier atom?

A
nuclear fission

B
radioactive tracer

C
nuclear fusion

D
radiation therapy

E
radioactive carbon dating

Solution

Nuclear fusion reactions are the nuclear reactions in which two or smaller (lighter) nuclei combine to form a bigger (heavier) nucleus giving off a huge amount of energy.

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Nuclei Test - 18

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Nuclei Test - 18

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Question 1

The average energy of each nucleon

The energy needed to split the nucleus into its parts

The mass-energy difference between protons and neutrons

The energy necessary to overcome the neutron-neutron repulsion

The energy required to remove a proton from the nucleu

Solution

Question 2

10

20

30

40

Solution

Question 3

$$_{92}^{236}\textrm{U}$$

$$_{91}^{235}\textrm{U}$$

$$_{92}^{239}\textrm{U}$$

$$_{92}^{235}\textrm{U}$$

$$_{92}^{238}\textrm{U}$$

Solution

Question 4

22

23

23.5

24

Solution

Question 5

$${ F }_{ pp }={ F }_{ nn }\neq { F }_{ np }$$

$${ F }_{ pp }\neq { F }_{ nn }={ F }_{ np }$$

$${ F }_{ pp }={ F }_{ nn }={ F }_{ np }$$

$${ F }_{ pp }\neq { F }_{ nn }\neq { F }_{ np }$$

Solution

Question 6

$$^{235}_{92}U$$

$$^{56}_{26}Fe$$

$$^{141}_{56}Ba$$

$$^2_4He$$

Solution

Question 7

4

3

2

1

0

Solution

Question 8

They have the same particles in the nucleus.

They have the same number of neutrons.

They are equally abundant in nature.

They have the same number of protons

They have the same mass.

Solution

Question 9

two smaller nuclei are combined into a more massive nuclei.

the electrons are exchanged from one or more substances to produce a different substance, and the elements are the same in the products and reactants.

the nucleus of a large atom is split into two or more fragments.

the particles in the nucleus are changed, and one element is transformed into another element when particles in the nucleus are gained or lost.

radiation is made.

Solution

Question 10

nuclear fission

radioactive tracer

nuclear fusion

radiation therapy

radioactive carbon dating

Solution

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