Nation Building Test-2

Major reorganisation of states took place in the north-east in 1972. Meghalaya was carved out of Assam in 1972.

It is estimated that the Partition forced about 80 lakh people to migrate across the new border. Muslim population in India accounted for 12 per cent of the total population in 1951

The Instrument of Accession is a legal document executed by Maharajah Hari Singh, ruler of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, on 26 October 1947. By executing this document under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947, Maharajah Hari Singh agreed to accede to the Dominion of India.

The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 was a major reform of the boundaries of India's states and territories, organising them along linguistic lines. States Reorganisation Act of 1956 remains the single most extensive change in state boundaries since the independence of India in 1947.

Second statement is incorrect as Commission clearly said that “it is neither possible nor desirable to reorganise States on the basis of the single test of either language or culture, but that a balanced approach to the whole problem is necessary in the interest of our national unity.” Thus commission was not in favour of language being sole criteria.

The partition of India was the outcome of ‘two nation theory’. According to the ‘two-nation theory’ advanced by the Muslim League, India consisted of not one but two ‘people’, Hindus and Muslims. That is why it demanded Pakistan, a separate country for the Muslims. There was no plan for transfer of population across the border which made the division painful for the people.

 The Election Commission of India was set up in January 1950. Sukumar Sen became the first Chief Election Commissioner. He was an Indian civil servant who was the first Chief Election Commissioner of India, serving from 21 March 1950 to 19 December 1958.

 The groups inside the party are called factions. Most of the state units of the Congress were made up of numerous factions. They were not alternatives to the ruling party; instead they constantly pressurised and criticised, censured and influenced the Congress.

 In 1951 the Communist Party abandoned the path of violent revolution and decided to participate in the approaching general elections. In the first general election, CPI won 16 seats and emerged as the largest opposition party.

 Babasaheb Ambedkar was the leader of the anti-caste movement and the struggle for justice to the Dalits. He later founded the Scheduled Castes Federation. He was the Chairman, Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly and a Minister in Nehru’s first cabinet after Independence.

 The party was opposed to the granting of concessions to religious and cultural minorities.