Air Test - 3

Troposphere layer is the most important layer of the atmosphere. Its average height is 13 km. The air we breathe exists here. Almost all the weather phenomena like rainfall, fog and hailstorm occur in this layer.

One important feature of stratosphere is that it contains a layer of ozone gas. We know that it protects us from the harmful effect of the sun rays.

It protects us from the harmful effect of the sun-rays.

Our atmosphere is made up of around 78% of nitrogen and around 21% of oxygen. 

Permanent winds is the trade winds, westerlies and easterlies are the permanent winds. These blow constantly throughout the year in a particular direction.

Weather is hour-to-hour, day-to-day condition of the atmosphere.

Air temperature is a measure of how hot or cold the air is. It is the most commonly measured weather parameter. More specifically, temperature describes the kinetic energy, or energy of motion, of the gases that make up air. Air temperature is usually measured in Celsius (C) or Fahrenheit (F).

The air pressure is highest at sea level and decreases with height. The amount of insolation decreases from the equator towards the poles. Therefore, the temperature decreases in the same manner.

Around 21% of the atmosphere is made up of oxygen. Green plants produce oxygen during photosynthesis and humans and animals take oxygen from the air as they breathe. 

Our earth is surrounded by a huge blanket of air called atmosphere. All living beings on this earth depend on the atmosphere for their survival. It provides us the air we breathe and protects us from the harmful effects of the sun’s rays. Without this blanket of protection, we would be baked alive by the heat of the sun during day and get frozen during night. So it is this mass of air that has made the temperature on the earth liveable.

when its level in the atmosphere increases due to factory smoke or car fumes, the heat retained increases the temperature of the earth. This is called global warming.

The state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place is weather. Weather is described in terms of variable conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind velocity, precipitation, and barometric pressure.

Troposphere layer is the most important layer of the atmosphere. Its average height is 13 km. The air we breathe exists here.

Troposphere is the nearest layer to the earth's surface. Its height is 13 km. Hence, all weather phenomena like fog, hailstorm and rainfall occur in this layer.

When air is heated, it expands, becomes lighter and goes up. Cold air is denser and heavy. That is why it tends to sink down.

This is caused by the meteorite rubbing against molecules in the mesosphere. When the friction is great enough, the meteorite burns up.

As Troposphere is nearest to the earth's surface and its height is 13 kms, it contains the air we breathe.

A rain gauge (also known as an udometer, pluviometer, or an ombrometer) is an instrument used by meteorologists and hydrologists to gather and measure the amount of liquid precipitation over a set period of time.
Most standard rain gauges have a wide funnel leading into the cylinder and are calibrated so that one-tenth of an inch of rain measures one inch when it collects inside. The funnel is 10 times the cross-sectional area of the tube. Rainfall as low as .01 inches can be measured with this instrument.

Nitrogen accounts for 78% of the atmosphere, oxygen 21% and argon 0.9%. Gases like carbon dioxide,nitrous oxides, methane, and ozone are trace gases that account for about a tenth of one percent of the atmosphere.

One important feature of stratosphere is that it contains a layer of ozone gas.

Local winds blow only during a particular period of the day or year in a small area. For example, land and sea breeze.

Carbon dioxide treats greenhouse effect in the atmosphere.

Green plants use carbon dioxide from the atmoshphere to make their food and they release oxygen during photosynthesis.

Stratosphere layer is almost free from clouds and associated weather phenomenon, making conditions most ideal for flying aero planes.

Above the troposphere, lies the stratosphere. Its height is 50 km. This layer is free from clouds and weather phenomenon. It is ideal for flying aeroplanes.

Jet planes flying in the sky leave a white trail behind them. The moisture from their engines condenses. We see trails of this condensed mositure for some time when there is no air movement , hence their trails appear to be white.

Nitrogen (78%) and Oxygen (21%) make the bulk of atmosphere.

Hydrosphere refers to all the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes including water near the earth's surface, such as clouds. It is not a layer of the atmosphere. 

When air is heated, it expands, becomes lighter and goes up. Cold air is denser and heavy.

Insolation is the incoming solar energy intercepted by the earth.