Accounting Equation Effects Test 17

Materiality concepts says that firm should give importance to those details which are material in nature and ignore the insignificant details.

The convention of conservatism mean that the convention of caution, or the policy of playing safe. This principle requires that in the situation of uncertainty and doubt, the business transactions should be recorded in such a manner that the profits and assets are not overstated and losses and liabilities are not understated. The following are some examples:

1. Closing stock is valued at cost price or Net realisable value, whichever is lower.

2. Joint life insurance policy  is shown only at surrender value as against the amount paid.

3. Provision for doubtful debt is created in anticipation of bad debts etc.

4. Provision for pending law suit against the firm, which may either be decided in its favour.

Accounting is based on the certain principles which are known as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. These are applicable to all kind of ownership.

Concept is based on the periodicity concept. This implies that incomes and expenses must be recorded in books of account based on the accounting period followed by the firm. 

The basic accounting concepts are referred to as the fundamental ideas or basic assumptions underlying the theory and practice of financial accounting and are broad working rules for all accounting activities developed by the accounting profession. 

The concept of business entity assumes that the business has a distinct and separate entity from its owners, managers and partners. It means that, for the purposes of accounting, the business and its owners are to be treated a two separate entities. Keeping this in view, when a person brings in some money as capital into his business, in accounting records, it is treated as liability of the business to the owner. The accounting records are made in the book of accounts from the point of view of the business unit, and not that of the owner.

The concept of going concern assumes that a business firm would continue to carry out its operations indefinitely, i.e. for a fairly long period of time and would not be liquidated in the foreseeable future. This is an important assumption of accounting as it provides the very basis for showing the value of assets in the balance sheet.

The convention of conservatism mean that the convention of caution, or the policy of playing safe. This principle requires that in the situation of uncertainty and doubt, the business transactions should be recorded in such a manner that the profits and assets are not overstated and losses and liabilities are not understated. The following are some examples:

1. Closing stock is valued at cost price or Net realisable value, whichever is lower.

2. Joint life insurance policy  is shown only at surrender value as against the amount paid.

3. Provision for doubtful debt is created in anticipation of bad debts etc.

4. Provision for pending law suit against the firm, which may either be decided in its favour.

The convention of conservatism mean that the convention of caution, or the policy of playing safe. This principle requires that in the situation of uncertainty and doubt, the business transactions should be recorded in such a manner that the profits and assets are not overstated and losses and liabilities are not understated. The following are some examples:

1. Closing stock is valued at cost price or Net realisable value, whichever is lower.

2. Joint life insurance policy  is shown only at surrender value as against the amount paid.

3. Provision for doubtful debt is created in anticipation of bad debts etc.

4. Provision for pending law suit against the firm, which may either be decided in its favour.

The concept of going concern assumes that a business firm would continue to carry out its operations indefinitely, i.e. for a fairly long period of time and would not be liquidated in the foreseeable future. 

This is an important assumption of accounting as it provides the very basis for showing the value of assets in the balance sheet. Conversely, this means the entity will not be forced to halt operations and liquidate its assets in the near term at what may be low fire-sale prices.