Tenses Test 4

Option B is the correct answer because it is in the present tense and 'given' signifies that the subject or the person in question is provided with the opportunity.

The tense of a sentence denotes a time, whether it is the time now (present), time then (past) or the time to come (future). The verb of a sentence has most to do with the tense. In the given sentence, we need to fill in a word that determines the correct tense. The speaker told John to "speak up", in other words, speak loudly because John's dog was making too much noise. This action is in the present tense, as John is speaking and the dog is making too much noise at the moment. 'Speak up' is in the simple present tense, as John is not speaking at the moment, but, the dog is making noise, hence we need a verb in the present continuous tense, to refer to "too much noise". 'Makes' is in the simple present tense, to refer to a general truth, a habit or custom, example, 'she makes coffee for everyone every morning'. Here, the situation isn't the same, the action is a continuous one, hence option A is incorrect. 'Made' is in the past tense, whereas the action is in the present, hence option B is incorrect. 'Is making' is in the present continuous tense, referring to the dog making noise at that moment, hence option C is correct. 'Has made' is in the present perfect tense, whereas the action the dog is making is a continuous one, hence option D is incorrect.

This sentence is an example of a second conditional sentence which is used to express outcomes that are completely unrealistic or will not likely happen in the future and we use the simple past tense in the if-clause and an auxiliary modal verb (e.g., could, should, would, might) in the main clause.

Because of the presence of the word 'if' we can identify this sentence as a first conditional sentence which is used to express a situation in which the outcome is likely (but not guaranteed) to happen in the future on a condition. It is important to remember that we use the simple present tense in the if-clause and simple future tense in the main clause—that is, the clause that expresses the likely outcome.

Since this an example of a third conditional sentence, which is used to explain that present circumstances would be different if something different had happened in the past, we use the past perfect (i.e., had + past participle) in the if-clause and the modal auxiliary (would, could, should, etc.) + have + past participle in the main clause. According to this rule, option D is the correct answer.

The events mentioned in the given sentence take place at the moment the speaker speaks. The line "I am taking a taxi" suggests the same.
'Am taking' is in the present continuous tense. The blank, too, indicates a continuous action during the present moment. Hence the tense of the verb to be filled will also be in the present continuous tense.
Option B: 'Is being repaired' is in the present continuous tense. Hence it's the most suitable option.
(Also, the verb 'is being repaired' is passive, because the subject 'car' is receiving, and not performing the action 'repaired'.)
Hence option B is correct.
Option A: 'Was been repaired' is grammatically incorrect. 'Been' suggests a perfect tense whereas 'was' suggests a continuous tense.
Option C: 'Was repaired' is in the simple past tense, but the action is taking place in the present, as explained above.
Option D: Similarly, 'had been repaired' is in the past perfect tense. So, options C and D are incorrect.

In formal situations, we can use should + subject (s) + root verb (v) instead of if. Here, the structure will be should + machine + fail, and the main clause usually takes on the simple present tense (ring). Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not follow this structure, hence incorrect.