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Reading Comprehension Test 5

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Reading Comprehension Test 5
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  • Question 1
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    (Read the text and answer the question.)

    We tend to be harsh on our bureaucracy, but nowhere do citizens enjoy dealing with their government. They do it because they have to. But that doesn’t mean that the experience has to be dismal. Now there is a new wind blowing through government departments around the world, which could take some of this pain away. In the next five years it may well transform not only the way public services are delivered but also the fundamental relationship between governments and citizens. Not surprisingly, it is the internet that is behind it. After e-commerce and e-business, the next revolution may be e-governance. Examples abound. The municipality of Phoenix, Arizona, allows its citizens to renew their car registrations, pay traffic fines, and replace lost identity cards etc. online without having to stand in endless queues in a grubby municipal office. The municipality is happy because it saves 5 dollars a transaction — it costs only 1×60 dollars to process an online transaction versus 6×60 dollars to do it across the counter. In Chile, people routinely submit their income tax returns over the Internet, which has reduced the time taken and the member of errors and litigation with the tax department Both tax-payers and the revenue department are happier. The furthest ahead, not surprisingly, is the small, rich and entrepreneurial civil service of Singapore, which allows citizens to do more functions online than any other. As in many private companies, the purchasing and buying of Singapore’s government department is now n the Web, and cost benefits come through more competitive bidding, easy access to global suppliers and time saved by online processing of orders. They can post their catalogues on their site, bid for contracts, - submit invoices and check their payment status over the Net. The most useful idea for Indian municipalities is Govt. Works, a private sector- run site that collects local taxes, fines and utility bills for 3,600 municipalities across the United States. It is a citizen’s site, which also provides information on government jobs, tenders, etc. The most ambitious is the British government, which has targeted to convert 100 percent-of its transactions with its citizens to the Internet by 2005. Cynics in India will say, ‘Oh, e-government will never work in India. We are so poor and we don’t have computers. But they are wrong! There are many experiments afoot in India as well. Citizens in Andhra Pradesh can download government forms and submit applications on the Net without having to bribe clerks. In many districts, land records are online and this has created transparency. Similarly, in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, villagers have begun to file applications for land transfers and follow their progress on the Net. In seventy villages in the Larkspur and Sangli districts in Maharashtra, Internet booths have come up where farmers can daily check the market rates of agricultural commodities in Marathi, along with data on agricultural schemes, information on crop technology, when to spray and plant their crops and bus and railway timetables. They also find vocational guidance on jobs, applications for ration cards, kerosene/gas burners and land record extracts with details of land ownership. Sam Pitroda’s World Tel, Reliance Industries and the Tamil Nadu government are jointly laying 3,000 km of optic fiber cables to create a Tamil Network which will offer ration cards, schools, college and hospital admission forms, Land records, and pension records. If successful, WorldTel will expand the network to Gujarat, Karnataka and West Bengal. In Kerala, all the villages are getting linked online to the district headquarters, allowing citizens to compare the development priorities of their village with other villages in the state. Many are still skeptical of the real impact because so few Indians have computers. The answer lies in interactive c-cable TV and in Internet kiosks. Although India has only-five million computers and thirty- eight million telephones, it has thirty-four million homes with cable TV and these are growing at eight percent a year. By2005 most cable homes will have access to the Internet from many of the 700,000 local STD/PCO booths. Internet usage may be low today, but it is bound to grow rapidly in the future, and e-governance in India may not be a dream.

    Question:
    How can India overcome low penetration of computers for e-governance?
    Solution
    The lines from the passage "Oh, e-government will never work in India" and  "We are so poor and we don't have computers" show that there is a notion that e-governance is not possible in India because of the low number of people with computers. The idea is that if people do not have computers, they won't be able to use the internet to complete their government-related tasks online. The question here is about how to help people finish these tasks online and spread the concept of e-governance when not many people have computers. The lines "Many are still skeptical of the real impact because so few Indians have computers" and "The answer lies in interactive c-cable TV and in Internet kiosks" answer this question. They say that even though people feel that e-governance may not be possible in India, cable TV and internet kiosks can take care of that issue by helping people without computers access the internet. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    Read the notice below and answer the question.
    The Shiksha School
    15$$^{th}$$ an 20XX
    Inter-House Athletics Championship
    Venue : School Stadium
    Date : 2-4$$^{th}$$ Feb 20XX
    Time : 9 am - 2 pm
    A team of twelve students will participate from each House in each of the following age-groups, separately for boys and girls:-
    Under 13
    Under 15
    Open
    Preliminary rounds will be completed unedr House arrangements by 31$$^{st}$$ Jan 20XX, and lists of teams submitted to the Coordinator by 11 am on 01$$^{st}$$ Feb 20XX. Delayed submission will not be accepted.
    Provisions of individual kit and equipment will be the respensibility of the Housemaster.
    The school medical attendant will be present in the school ground and stadium during the preliminary rounds and the final championship.
    Prizes will be awarded to the first three students in each event, and the House attaining the maximum points will be awarded the overall Championship.
    A coordination conference will be held in the Principle's office at 10 am on 20$$^{th}$$ Jan 20XX. All Housemasters and Team Captains will attend.
    Good luck!

    ...view full instructions

    The school medical attendant is ____.
    Solution
    As the school medical attendant will need to be present in the school ground and stadium during the preliminary rounds and the final championship, the medical attendant is required to be present in two location.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.

    In the early 1920's, settlers came to Alaska looking for gold. They travelled by boat to the coastal towns of Seward and Knik, and from there by land into the gold fields. The trail they used to travel inland is known today as the Iditarod Trail, one of the National Historic Trails designated by the Congress of the United States. The Iditarod Trail quickly became a major thoroughfare in Alaska, as the mail and supplies were can-led across 
    this trail. People also used it to get from place to place, including the priests, ministers, and judges who had to travel between villages. In the winter, the settlers' only means of travel down this trail was via dog sled. Once the gold rush ended, many gold-seekers went back to where they had come from, and suddenly there was much less travel on the Iditarod Trail. The introduction of the airplane in the late 1920's meant dog teams were no longer the standard mode of transportation, and of course with the airplane carrying the mail and supplies, there was less need for land travel in general. The final blow to the use of the dog teams was the appearance of snowmobiles.

    By the mid 1960's, most Alaskans didn't even know the Iditarod Trail existed, or that dog teams had played a crucial role in Alaska's early settlements. Dorothy G. Page, a self-made historian, recognized how few people knew about the former use of sled dogs as working animals and about the Iditarod Trail's role in Alaska's colourful history. To raise awareness about this aspect of Alaskan history, she came up with the idea to have a dog sled race over the Iditarod Trail. She presented her idea to an enthusiastic musher, as dog sled drivers are known, named Joe Redington, Sr. Soon the Pages and the Redingtons were working together to promote the idea of the Iditarod race.

    Many people worked to make the first Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race a reality in 1967. The Aurora Dog Mushers Club, along with men from the Adult Camp in Sutton, helped clear years of overgrowth from the first nine miles of the Iditarod Trail. To raise interest in the -ace, a $25,000 purse was offered, with Joe Redington donating me acre of his land to help raise the funds. The short race, approximately 27 miles long, was put on a second time in 1969. After these first two successful races, the goal was to lengthen the race a little further to the ghost town of iditarod by 1973. However in 1972, the U.S. Army reopened the trail as a winter exercise, and so in 1973, the decision was made to take the race all the way to the city of Nome-over 1,000 miles. There were many who believed it could not be done and that it was crazy to send a bunch of mushers out into the vast, uninhabited Alaskan wilderness. But the race went! 22 mushers finished that year, and to date over 400 people have completed it.

    ...view full instructions

    According to the passage, the initial Iditarod race ________________.
    Solution
    Founder of the initial lditarod race was a "historian" who wanted to "raise awareness about...Alaskan history." Another way to say this is that Dorothy G. Page was an advocate for Alaskan history. Therefore (2) is correct.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.

    In the early 1920's, settlers came to Alaska looking for gold. They travelled by boat to the coastal towns of Seward and Knik, and from there by land into the gold fields. The trail they used to travel inland is known today as the Iditarod Trail, one of the National Historic Trails designated by the Congress of the United States. The Iditarod Trail quickly became a major thoroughfare in Alaska, as the mail and supplies were can-led across 
    this trail. People also used it to get from place to place, including the priests, ministers, and judges who had to travel between villages. In the winter, the settlers' only means of travel down this trail was via dog sled. Once the gold rush ended, many gold-seekers went back to where they had come from, and suddenly there was much less travel on the Iditarod Trail. The introduction of the airplane in the late 1920's meant dog teams were no longer the standard mode of transportation, and of course with the airplane carrying the mail and supplies, there was less need for land travel in general. The final blow to the use of the dog teams was the appearance of snowmobiles.

    By the mid 1960's, most Alaskans didn't even know the Iditarod Trail existed, or that dog teams had played a crucial role in Alaska's early settlements. Dorothy G. Page, a self-made historian, recognized how few people knew about the former use of sled dogs as working animals and about the Iditarod Trail's role in Alaska's colourful history. To raise awareness about this aspect of Alaskan history, she came up with the idea to have a dog sled race over the Iditarod Trail. She presented her idea to an enthusiastic musher, as dog sled drivers are known, named Joe Redington, Sr. Soon the Pages and the Redingtons were working together to promote the idea of the Iditarod race.

    Many people worked to make the first Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race a reality in 1967. The Aurora Dog Mushers Club, along with men from the Adult Camp in Sutton, helped clear years of overgrowth from the first nine miles of the Iditarod Trail. To raise interest in the -ace, a $25,000 purse was offered, with Joe Redington donating me acre of his land to help raise the funds. The short race, approximately 27 miles long, was put on a second time in 1969. After these first two successful races, the goal was to lengthen the race a little further to the ghost town of iditarod by 1973. However in 1972, the U.S. Army reopened the trail as a winter exercise, and so in 1973, the decision was made to take the race all the way to the city of Nome-over 1,000 miles. There were many who believed it could not be done and that it was crazy to send a bunch of mushers out into the vast, uninhabited Alaskan wilderness. But the race went! 22 mushers finished that year, and to date over 400 people have completed it.

    ...view full instructions

    Based on information in the passage, it can be inferred that all of the following contributed to the disuse of the Iditarod Trail except _______________________.
    Solution
    In para 2, the author identifies the factors that contributed to the disuse of the lditarod Trail. The author does not mention highway routes to ghost towns, so (3) is correct.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    An Olympic medalist, five time World Amateur Boxing champion and Padma Bhushan recipient Mangte Chungneijang Mary Kom is an epitome of confidence, humility and dogged determination. Her grandmother named her Chungneijang which means prosperity but she decided to assume the name Mary because it was easier to pronounce.
    In her childhood between attending school and playing all kinds of sports, Mary helped her parents in the fields. She was her fathers right hand, accompanying him wherever he found work as a farm hand. Life was tough because her family struggled to make ends meet and she always dreamed of living up to her name and supporting her family.
    Although she loved all sport, the martial arts were her personal favourite.In 1998 when Manipuri boxer Dingko Singh won a gold medal at the Asian Games, Mary Kom decided to build a career in sports.
    In the year 2000 when was adjudged best boxer at the state level sub-junior boxing championship, she realized that she was gifted and resolved to make a career in sport. Today the boxing champion and mother of two, who defied many a stereotype, is setting up her own boxing academy along with taking care of her family and training for the 2016 Olympics. When asked in an interview if there was anything she would like to say to the youth of the nation, she said The world today is full of distractions in almost every form and if you fail to notice them and overcome them you will end up nowhere or somewhere much less preferred.

    ...view full instructions

    Mary Kom is ______.
    Solution
    A careful reading of the first few lines of the passage reveals that Mary Kom is a courageous, successful but humble woman. A is the best answer.
    The other choices cannot be the answer as they do not fit the context.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the passage and answer the question that follows:
    [/passage-header]    'Families of musical instruments'
        Have you ever thought about how many ways there are to make musical sounds? You can make music with your own body. You can sing, clap, or snap your fingers. Musical instruments allow us to make music beyond what our bodies are capable of. Bands and orchestras are made up of families, or groups, of musical instruments. Each family of instruments adds something unique to the music. 
        Strings are one family of musical instruments. You are probably familiar with some of these instruments. A guitar has strings. Guitar players make music by plucking the strings with their fingers. A violin has strings too, but a violin player uses a bow to make music. Bowing an instrument means sliding or scraping a bow over the strings. A bow is a smooth tool that makes the strings vibrate and produce sound. 
        Wind instruments make up another musical family. Wind instruments produce sound by moving columns of air. You may know someone who plays a flute. The flute is a tube-shaped wind instrument. A flute player makes music by blowing air over a hole in the tube. 
        Have you ever seen a clarinet? It is a wind instrument too. Clarinet players blow on a reed in the mouthpiece. The reed vibrates and sets the air inside the clarinet tube in motion. Trumpets, trombones, and French horns are other wind instruments, but they don't have reeds. 
        Drums make up one more family of instruments. Drums are made by stretching an animal hide over a bowl or open cylinder. 
    People play drums by hitting the hide with a stick. Drums help keep the beat in a band or orchestra. Drums can be tuned to different tone levels. This is done by stretching or loosening the drum's hide covering. 
        Another family of musical instruments is the percussion group. Drums are often thought of as percussion. But true percussion instruments are made from a solid material that is shaken, struck, or scraped. Rattles, bells, and gongs are percussion instruments. A xylophone is a more complicated percussion instrument. It has keys that are struck with a hammer. Each key sounds a different pitch or tone level. 
       The number and range of musical instruments are amazing. The next time you hear - or play in - a band or orchestra, listen carefully to the richness and variety of sounds.

    ...view full instructions

    Which family of instruments uses an animal hide? 
    Solution
    The passage mentions that drums are made my stretching an animal hide over a bowl or open cylinder. So, the correct answer is D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]To most people, landfill sites are holes in the ground where waste____(1)____ is buried. To garbologists, however, they provide a valuable ____(2)____ of information about a population's activities in areas such as food consumption and waste disposal. Garbology is a branch of ethnography, a science which abandons traditional methods of ___(3)___ market research information, such as questionnaires and focus groups, in favour of  ____(4)____ observation of people and their habits. The world's ___(5)___ garbologist, Professor William Rathje, is also an archaeologist. Archaeologists study past cultures by examining the ___(6)___ of objects and buildings, but the basic principles of archaeology can also be applied to the discarded rubbish of present day civilizations in order to ___(7)___ a better understanding of how people behave now. As founder and director of the Garbage Project at the University of Arizona, Professor Rathje has ___(8)___ over 30 years of his life to the archaeological study of modern refuse. His work is of ____(9)____ interest to commerce; companies need to understand the lives of their consumers in order to create brands which will be of most ___(10)___ to them. Rathje's ____(11)____ can help them achieve this. In addition, his analysis of the composition of landfill sites reveals a greater need not only to recycle more rubbish but also to  ___(12)___ down on the amount of rubbish we produce in the first place.

    ...view full instructions

    Fill in the blank no. (1) ________ with the most appropriate option given.
    Solution
    From the options given, the most appropriate answer is option D) material.
    Option A) selection is incorrect because 'selection' is an act of picking out suitable material but waste isn't picked out or 'selected'.
    Option B) product is incorrect as 'product' is a word used to represent something that is formed as the desired result of a process or reaction.
    Option C) fabric is incorrect as the passage does not specify the kind of waste. Therefore, the answer is option D) material.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    An Olympic medalist, five time World Amateur Boxing champion and Padma Bhushan recipient Mangte Chungneijang Mary Kom is an epitome of confidence, humility and dogged determination. Her grandmother named her Chungneijang which means prosperity but she decided to assume the name Mary because it was easier to pronounce.
    In her childhood between attending school and playing all kinds of sports, Mary helped her parents in the fields. She was her fathers right hand, accompanying him wherever he found work as a farm hand. Life was tough because her family struggled to make ends meet and she always dreamed of living up to her name and supporting her family.
    Although she loved all sport, the martial arts were her personal favourite.In 1998 when Manipuri boxer Dingko Singh won a gold medal at the Asian Games, Mary Kom decided to build a career in sports.
    In the year 2000 when was adjudged best boxer at the state level sub-junior boxing championship, she realized that she was gifted and resolved to make a career in sport. Today the boxing champion and mother of two, who defied many a stereotype, is setting up her own boxing academy along with taking care of her family and training for the 2016 Olympics. When asked in an interview if there was anything she would like to say to the youth of the nation, she said The world today is full of distractions in almost every form and if you fail to notice them and overcome them you will end up nowhere or somewhere much less preferred.

    ...view full instructions

    What is Mary Kom's message to the youth ?
    Solution
    "When asked in an interview if there was anything she would like to say to the youth of the nation, she said The world today is full of distractions in almost every form and if you fail to notice them and overcome them you will end up nowhere or somewhere much less preferred." - from this extract we can deduce that Mary Kom's message to the youth is to be focused on whatever they do. B is the answer.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the passage and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]    Among the old Tedas, it was customary for certain tribesmen to dress in the skins of the beasts they had slain, and thus to give themselves a fearsome air of brutality, which was calculated to strike dread into the hearts of their foes. Of course, it's a fair guess that a cheetah or bison skin would make a warm, comfortable outer coat for a man whose life was in the most brutal of conditions atop ridges.
        Many legends tell of these cavemen-like soldiers, also known as Badangas, and folklore has it that they were physically transformed into the beasts whose skins they wore. The most common animals that the warriors were transformed into were the bull-tiger and leopard. Rumours suggest that the skins carried the power of the beasts and, when worn, turned the wearer into that animal at the height of its capabilities. The fact is that no one has ever set sight on a Badanga in the flesh.
        The Badanga was an object of sheer horror, as his life's object was to challenge quiet villagers to a duel. As the then law of the land stood in the Teda tribe, a man who declined to accept a challenge from a Badanga forfeited all his worldly possessions, even his wife, over to the hands of his challenger. Therefore, the Badanga had any man he challenged at his mercy. If the Badanga slews him, the farmer's possessions became his, and if the poor fellow declined to fight, he lost all legal right to his property anyway. A Badanga would invite himself to any feast and contribute to the hilarity of the entertainment by killing in gory fashion any merrymaker who displeased him. He might even single one out to murder for no other reason than to practice his combat skills.
        It is not difficult to imagine that popular superstition went along with the popular dread of these animal-skinned aggressors and that they were believed to be filled with the force, as they certainly were with the ferocity, of the beasts whose skins they wore.
        In the unlikely event of a villager slaying a Badanga warrior, he was revered as a divine savior and had a temple devoted to him. It wasn't easy. Fire merely singed, a scythe landed a mere scratch, and a venomous spear just put him to sleep - what it took was a club made of the betel tree stump to fell this fiery warrior. Of course, it comes as no surprise that no one has heard of one such village victory yet. 

    ...view full instructions

    Where are you most likely to come across this passage ? 
    Solution
    Though we might come across this passage in a novel about tribes and hunting, the most obvious choice however would be C) Encyclopedia entry about Badangas.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the passage and answer the question that follows:
    [/passage-header]    'Families of musical instruments'
        Have you ever thought about how many ways there are to make musical sounds? You can make music with your own body. You can sing, clap, or snap your fingers. Musical instruments allow us to make music beyond what our bodies are capable of. Bands and orchestras are made up of families, or groups, of musical instruments. Each family of instruments adds something unique to the music. 
        Strings are one family of musical instruments. You are probably familiar with some of these instruments. A guitar has strings. Guitar players make music by plucking the strings with their fingers. A violin has strings too, but a violin player uses a bow to make music. Bowing an instrument means sliding or scraping a bow over the strings. A bow is a smooth tool that makes the strings vibrate and produce sound. 
        Wind instruments make up another musical family. Wind instruments produce sound by moving columns of air. You may know someone who plays a flute. The flute is a tube-shaped wind instrument. A flute player makes music by blowing air over a hole in the tube. 
        Have you ever seen a clarinet? It is a wind instrument too. Clarinet players blow on a reed in the mouthpiece. The reed vibrates and sets the air inside the clarinet tube in motion. Trumpets, trombones, and French horns are other wind instruments, but they don't have reeds. 
        Drums make up one more family of instruments. Drums are made by stretching an animal hide over a bowl or open cylinder. 
    People play drums by hitting the hide with a stick. Drums help keep the beat in a band or orchestra. Drums can be tuned to different tone levels. This is done by stretching or loosening the drum's hide covering. 
        Another family of musical instruments is the percussion group. Drums are often thought of as percussion. But true percussion instruments are made from a solid material that is shaken, struck, or scraped. Rattles, bells, and gongs are percussion instruments. A xylophone is a more complicated percussion instrument. It has keys that are struck with a hammer. Each key sounds a different pitch or tone level. 
       The number and range of musical instruments are amazing. The next time you hear - or play in - a band or orchestra, listen carefully to the richness and variety of sounds.

    ...view full instructions

    How can guitar players make musical sounds ? 
    Solution
    From the passage we know that the guitar player makes music by plucking the strings of the guitar.
    The correct option is C) By plucking the strings.
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