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Vocabulary Test 48

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Vocabulary Test 48
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Select the word closest in meaning to the given word:
    Annex
    Solution
    The verb, 'annex' means 'to add (territory) to one's own territory by appropriation'. It also means, 'to add/ attach as an extra part, especially to a document. For example: The sentence, "The eleventh amendment to the constitution has been annexed to this file" means the same as  "The eleventh amendment to the constitution has been attached to this file". Hence option D is correct.

    The verb, 'possess' means 'to own something'.
    The verb, 'heighten' means 'to make or become more intense'.
    The verb, 'retrench' means 'to make (an employee) redundant'. It also means 'to reduce costs or spending in response to economic difficulty'. 
    As all the above three words are quite different in meaning from the word, 'annex', options A, B and C are incorrect.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Select the word closest in meaning to the given word:
    Admonish
    Solution
    The verb, 'admonish' means 'to scold someone severely'. It also means, 'to warn (someone) of something to be avoided. For example: The sentence, "The policeman admonished the drunken driver" means the same as "The policeman warned the drunken driver". Hence option C is correct.

    The verb, 'applaud' means 'to show approval or praise by clapping'.
    The verb, 'pacify' means 'to subdue the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone/ something'.
    The verb, 'appeal' means 'to make a serious, urgent, or heartfelt request'.
    As all the above three words are quite different in meaning from the word, 'admonish', options A, B and D are incorrect.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following sentences employ irony?
    Solution
    Irony is a figure of speech or literary device in which what actually happens is completely different or opposite from the reader or audience's expectations. 
    Option A is correct. We know that snow melts under the heat, and Summer is supposed to be the hottest season. So it is indeed ironic that a snowman (who should consider Summer his enemy) actually loves the summer season. Thus, there is irony in this situation.
    Option B is incorrect. The sentence is a pun. A pun is usually a joke that makes a play on words. It uses words that have several meanings or words that sound similar but have different meanings. In this sentence, the speaker makes a play on the word "struck" and its association with lightning. We know that lightning strikes, "struck" also means a sudden realisation. This is the pun.
    Option C is incorrect as it a paradox. A paradox is different from irony. A paradox is a statement that may seem absurd or contradictory but yet can be true, or at least make sense. We can see this happening in option C. The speaker says that he knows that he knows nothing. However, the fact that he says that he knows this means that he actually knows this one thing. Which goes against the fact that he knows nothing.
    Option D is incorrect as the sentence contains an oxymoron, not irony. An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines two words which contradict each other, but still makes sense. For example, "dumb genius". The oxymoron contained in option D is "seriously funny" where the meaning of "serious" is the complete opposite of "funny".
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is an example of situational irony?
    Solution
    There are three types of irony: verbal, situational, and dramatic. Situational irony occurs when the actual result of a situation is totally different (often, completely opposite) from what you'd expect the result to be.
    Option C is correct. The situation here is a vampire living in his home. One would not expect a vampire to keep a cross - something that vampires cannot tolerate - in their house. But, this vampire does. The situation is totally opposite to what we expected. Thus, it is situational irony.
    Option A is incorrect. The situation here is a cat and dog in a setting. Cats and dogs are known to be enemies and the result of this situation is exactly what we expect - the car naturally runs away from the dog. There is no irony here.
    Option B is incorrect as it describes a normal situation. There is no unexpected result in this setting. There is no irony.
    Option D is incorrect for the same reason as B. It is just a mere statement. There is no surprising twist, and therefore, no irony.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Identify the type of irony in the following example:

    You scheduled an outdoor wedding in July because it hasn't rained in July for 10 years. Unfortunately, it still rains on your wedding day.
    Solution
    Irony is a figure of speech or literary device in which what actually happens is completely different or opposite from the reader or audience's expectations. 
    Option C is correct.     Situational irony occurs when the actual result of a situation is totally different (often, the complete opposite) from what the audience expect the result to be. The setting here is "you" scheduling your wedding in July owing to the fact that it doesn't rain during the month. Since It hasn't rained there for 10 years, you expect it to be sunny on your wedding day. However, the actual result is that the complete opposite happens - it rains. Thus, there is situational irony.
    Option A is incorrect. Verbal Irony shows a contrast between what is said and what is meant. The most obvious thing to notice is that there is no dialogue in the question. No one is speaking. It only gives a situation. Thus, there is not verbal irony.
    Option B is incorrect. Dramatic Irony is often found when the audience is aware of something that the character is not. For example, the audience watches the villain of the movie enter the main character's empty house and hide in a dark room. Then the main character walks into the house, not knowing the villain is hiding there. But the audience does. It is ironic because the audience knows more than the character. In the given question, there is no way an "audience" could have predicted the weather. Thus, there is no dramatic irony.
    Option D is incorrect as the answer lies in C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Identify the type of irony in the following example:

    A mean old man ate a large meal at a restaurant. The waitress tried to provide him with excellent service, but every time she brought him a dish, he complained.  First he thought that the soup was too cold when it was hot. Then he said that his chicken steak was dry and chewy, when it was moist and succulent. Then he complained that one of her brown hairs was in his mashed potatoes, but the hair was actually grey like his own. She remained patient and continued to try to help him until the end of the meal, when he left her a a rupee for a tip. She replied on his way out, "Thank you for the generous tip, Mister."
    Solution
    Irony is a figure of speech or literary device in which what actually happens is completely different or opposite from the reader or audience's expectations. 
    Option B is correct.     Verbal Irony shows a contrast between what is said and what is meant. In the given example, a waitress provides an old man with excellent service only for him to complain constantly about things that he made up and leave her only a rupee as a tip. Clearly the waitress knows that the customer has treated her unfairly, and yet, she thanks him for the "generous tip". She says this, but what she means is quite the opposite. There is verbal irony. 
    Option A is incorrect. Situational irony occurs when the actual result of a situation is totally different (often, the complete opposite) from what the audience expect the result to be. While the example does present a situation, it is not the situation that is ironic (the customer has consistently been rude throughout the scenario), but what the waitress says that is. 
    Option C is incorrect. Dramatic Irony is often found when the audience is aware of something that the character is not. For example, the audience watches the villain of a movie enter the main character's empty house and hide in a dark room. Then the main character walks into the house, not knowing the villain is hiding there. But the audience does. It is ironic because the audience knows more than the character. In the given question, there is no audience or reader. Moreover, there is no way an audience could have known what would happen.
    Option D is incorrect as the answer lies in B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Select the word closest in meaning to the given word:
    Exponent
    Solution

    The word, 'exponent' is a noun which means 'a person who supports an idea or theory and tries to persuade people of its truth or benefits'. The word, 'advocate' is a noun which means 'a person who publicly supports or recommends a particular cause or policy'. As both the words have a similar meaning, option C is correct. 

    The word, 'meddler' is a noun which means 'a person who involves himself in a matter without right or invitation'. 

    The word, 'cancel' is a verb which means 'decide or announce that (a planned event) will not take place'. 

    The word, 'horrid' is an adjective which means 'very unpleasant'. or 'causing horror'.

    As all the above three words are quite different in meaning from the word, 'exponent', options A, B and D are incorrect.

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Identify the type of irony used in the following excerpt:
    (from J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series)

    Why were you lurking under our window?
    Yes yes, good point, Petunia! What were you doing under our windows, boy?
    Listening to the news, said Harry in a resigned voice.
    His aunt and uncle exchanged looks of outrage.
    Listening to the news! Again?
    Well, it changes every day, you see, said Harry.
    Solution
    Choice D is correct as there is no irony in the given passage. It is an example of sarcasm. Choice A is wrong as in the passage Harry does not say something and mean something else. Choice B is wrong as the passage does not tell that Harry does not know what others are in knowledge of. Choice C is wrong as Harry does not say something thinking that the opposite is going to happen. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Choose the most suitable synonym to replace the word given in bold:
    Rohan tried to cajole Lopa, but it was in vain.
    Solution
    A synonym is a word that is similar in meaning to another.
    The word in bold, 'cajole', means 'to persuade someone to do something, by use of pleasant words'.
    Option B: To 'coax' means 'to persuade someone, gradually or gently, to do something'. It is similar in meaning to 'cajole'. Both mean 'persuading someone to do something'. Hence option B is correct.
    Option A: 'Rejoice' means 'to show great joy or delight'. It does not refer to persuasion.
    So, the meaning isn't a synonym to 'cajole'.
    Option C: 'Disgust' is 'a feeling of strong repulsion or dislike, caused by something that is unpleasant'. The meaning isn't similar to the word in bold.
    Option D: 'Remind' means 'cause to remember someone or something'. It does not refer to 'get someone to do something'.
    Hence options A, C and D are incorrect.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Select the word closest in meaning to the given words:
    Sterile
    Solution
    The word, 'sterile' is an adjective which means 'totally clean'. It also means 'not able to produce children or young'. The word, 'barren' is an adjective which means 'unproductive/infertile'. As the two words are similar in meaning, option B is correct. 

    The word, 'potent' is an adjective which means 'having great power, influence, or effect'.
    The word, 'fecund' is an adjective which means 'highly fertile'. 
    The word, 'fertile' is an adjective which means 'able to conceive young or produce seed'.
    As all the above three words are quite different in meaning from the word, 'sterile', options A, C and D are incorrect.
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