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Sound Test - 37

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Sound Test - 37
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Choose correct word from above box to complete the following sentence.
    One compression and one rarefaction make one .......... .

    Solution
    A sound wave in air consist of compressions and rarefactions.Compression is region of high pressure where air molecules are closer and rarefaction is region of low pressure where air molecules are farther.One wave consist of one compression and one rarefaction.So one compression and one rarefaction makes one wave.Or we can say that distance between two consecutive compressions or rarefaction is called length of one wave or wavelength.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    A region of a longitudinal wave where the air gets squeezed or compressed is called __________. The region where the air gets stretched out is called __________.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The audible range of sound for human is:
    Solution
    Humans can detect sounds in a frequency range from about $$20\ Hz \ \ to \ \ 20\ kHz$$. (Human infants can actually hear frequencies slightly higher than $$20\ kHz$$, but lose some high-frequency sensitivity as they mature; the upper limit in average adults is often closer to $$15–17\ kHz$$)
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are applications of ultrasound.
    Solution

    Below are the applications of ultrasound.
    • Ultrasound has been used in a variety of clinical settings, including obstetrics and gynecology, cardiology and cancer detection. The main advantage of ultrasound is that certain structures can be observed without using radiation. Ultrasound can also be done much faster than X-rays or other radiographic techniques. 
    • Ultrasound is well known to have a significant effect on the rate of various processes in the food industry. Using ultrasound, full reproducible food processes can now be completed in seconds or minutes with high reproducibility, reducing the processing cost, simplifying manipulation and work-up, giving higher purity of the final product, eliminating post-treatment of waste water and consuming only a fraction of the time and energy normally needed for conventional processes. Several processes such as freezing, cutting, drying, tempering, bleaching, sterilization, and extraction have been applied efficiently in the food industry. The advantages of using ultrasound for food processing, includes: more effective mixing and micro-mixing, faster energy and mass transfer, reduced thermal and concentration gradients, reduced temperature, selective extraction, reduced equipment size, faster response to process extraction control, faster start-up, increased production, and elimination of process steps. Food processes performed under the action of ultrasound are believed to be affected in part by cavitation phenomena and mass transfer enhancement. 
    • Ultrasound is used in the synthesis of nanostructured materials.
    • Devices limited to low ultrasonic frequencies, have a number of industrial applications, including drying, ultrasonic cleaning, and injection of fuel oil into burners. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In a ripple tank, 10 full ripples/s are produced. The distance between peaks of consecutive trough and crest is 15 cm. Calculate the frequency.
    Solution
    Frequency is the number of complete vibrational cycles of a medium per a given amount of time. The frequency would have units of cycles per second, waves per second or vibrations per second. The unit for frequency is the Hertz (abbreviated Hz) where 1 Hz is equivalent to 1 cycle per second. 
    In the question it is mentioned that 10 full ripples per second are produced. Hence, the frequency is 10 Hz.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Fill in the blank.
    ___________ is created when a sound or signal is reflected causing a large number of reflections to build up and then decay as the sound is absorbed by the surfaces of objects in the space.
    Solution
    A reverberation, or reverb, is created when a sound or signal is reflected causing a large number of reflections to build up and then decay as the sound is absorbed by the surfaces of objects in the space which could include furniture and people, and air. 

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following facts about echolocation is correct?
    Solution
    Echolocation is a technique used by bats, dolphins and other animals to determine the location of objects using reflected sound waves which were generated by these organisms. This allows the animals to move around in pitch darkness, so they can navigate, hunt, identify friends and enemies, and avoid obstacles.
    To hear the echo clearly in the air, the reflecting surface should be at a minimum distance of 16.5m from the source of sound.Hence minimum distance required for echolocation to take place is 16.5m.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    A reflected sound wave is called an .......... .
    Solution
    Phenomenon of hearing back our own sound is called an echo. It is due to successive reflection of sound waves from the surfaces or obstacles of large size. To hear an echo, there must be a time gap of 0.1 second in original sound and the reflected sound.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Some animals use .......... to find food.
    Solution
    Echolocation is the process where sound waves and echoes are used to determine objects in space. To use echolocation, animals first make a sound then they listen for the echoes from the sound waves bouncing off from objects in their surroundings. Echolocation is used by bats to navigate and find their food in the dark.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    (6) I am the kind of sound produced by earthquakes.
    Solution
    Sounds of frequencies below $$20\ Hz$$ are called infrasonic sound or
    infrasound Earthquakes produce low-frequency infrasound before the main shock waves begin.
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