Why Do We Fall ill Test - 1

Explanation:

Hepatitis targets the liver. Japanese encephalitis targets the brain. Dengue leads to a drop in platelets. Fungal diseases affect the skin.

Explanation:

Haemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots. Clotting is a process needed to stop bleeding. This results in people bleeding longer after an injury, easy bruising, and an increased risk of bleeding inside joints or the brain. Goitre (swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland) is a deficiency disease. It is caused by the deficiency of iodine. Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders in which a person has high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. AIDS is an infectious disease caused by a virus.

Explanation:

Matched responses are as follows:

Malaria is caused by a protozoan microbe (plasmodium). A female Anopheles mosquito can be a carrier of such microbes. Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infection caused by a bacteria which affects the lungs and sometimes other parts of the body such as the bones, the joints, and the kidneys. Elephantiasis is a chronic disease caused by a species of worms. Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV).

Explanation:

Matched responses are as follows:

Pneumonia is an air-borne disease; it spreads through the air and targets the lungs. Cholera is a water-borne disease. Rabies spreads through animal bite. Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection; it spreads through sexual contact.

Explanation:

Matched responses area as follows:

Diseases are classified as acute of chronic, depending on their duration. Acute diseases such as common cold last only for a short duration. Chronic diseases last for a long time. A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe. Antibiotics block the biochemical pathways that are used by microbes for the synthesis of substances/respiration, without affecting the biochemical pathways of human beings.

Explanation:

Match the following with the correct response:

Sleeping sickness, also called human African trypanosomiasis, is a widespread tropical disease. It is spread by the bite of an infected tsetse fly, a species native to Africa. Leishmania is a genus of trypanosomes (protozoan microbe) that are responsible for the disease leishmaniasis. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, black fever, and Dumdum fever, is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Ascaris is a genus of parasitic nematode worms known as the "small intestinal roundworms". Acne is caused by staphylococci - a type of spherical bacteria commonly found on the skin.

Explanation:

Matched responses are as follows:

Incidence of AIDS results in a weak immune system. HIV damages the functions of the immune system. Inflammation is a localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection. Vaccination is a treatment with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease. Thus, vaccination develops the immune system. Streptomycin is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. These also include tuberculosis.

Explanation:

Matched responses are as follows:

OPV are Oral Polio Vaccines. They are the predominant vaccine used in the fight to eradicate polio. DPT refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a vaccine primarily used against Tuberculosis. It is given to infants for protection against Tuberculosis (TB). Tetanus toxoid (TT) is a vaccine to prevent tetanus.

Explanation:

Matched responses are as follows:

Animals that carry infecting agents from a sick person to another potential host are called vectors. The most common vectors are mosquitoes. Female Anopheles mosquito is a vector of plasmodium that causes malaria. Rabies is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals. Cigarette smoking has long lasting effects. HIV causes AIDS (Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome).

Explanation:

Peptic ulcers are caused by a bacterium - helicobacter pylori. Acne is caused by staphylococci. Hence, C and D are incorrect. A and B are correct. High blood pressure can be caused by excessive weight and lack of exercise. Some cancers are caused by genetic abnormalities.