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Natural Resources Test - 33

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Natural Resources Test - 33
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    All of these will directly or indirectly reduce the contribution to greenhouse gases except 
    Solution
    A. Encouraging the use of public transport will reduce air pollution as this will lead to less use of cars and other personal transport vehicles. If many people instead of travelling by their personal transport vehicle, will use the public transport, then there will be less emission of green house gases.
    B. Walking instead of using a vehicle for travelling can also reduce green house gases emission as no transport vehicle will be used and no harmful gases will be released.
    C. Biking will contribute to air pollution as green house gases like carbon dioxide are released as the fuel is burnt in the engine of the bike.
    D. Increasing the cost of car ownership and fuel costs will tend to decrease in use of less cars as people won't spend much money for this. So, this will also decrease the air pollution and the emission of green house gases.
    E. Creating car free zones will make the people to avoid the use of cars and thus, this will also prevent the emission of green house gases.
    Hence, all the options except biking, will directly or indirectly reduce the contribution to green house gases.
    So, the correct answer is 'Biking'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    An envelope of gas that surrounds earth is called as
    Solution
    a) The biosphere is the layer of earth where the life exists. 
    b) The lithosphere is the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
    c) The part of the earth which contains water bodies like lakes, ocean and river.
    d) An envelope of gas that surrounds earth is called atmosphere. It contains 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.03% carbon dioxide, 0.9% argon and traces of other gases. Water vapour, dust particles and other solid particles are also found in the atmosphere. So, the correct option is D.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following processes releases nitrogen back into the atmosphere?
     I. Nitrification
     II. Denitrification
     Ill. Nitrogen fixation 
    Solution
    I. The conversion of ammonia to nitrate is called nitrification. It is performed in two steps, first, nitrite is formed and then nitrate is formed.
    II. Nitrate present in the soil is converted to atmospheric nitrogen by the process of denitrification by denitrifying bacteria, present in the soil.
    III. Nitrogen fixation is the conversion of atmospheric molecular nitrogen into usable forms of nitrogen like nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, etc. Nitrogen is present in the atmosphere as N2 which cannot be utilized directly by the plants. So, it is converted or fixed into usable form by the action of microbes like nitrogen-fixing bacteria and by processes like lightning.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The diagram shows the phenomenon of a natural disaster. Which of the following is an effect of the disaster?

    Solution
    Continued warming from the release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere is expected to have the substantial impact on the environment, human health and the economy, like global warming, will decrease snow, sea ice and glacier coverage, resulting in rising sea levels and increased coastal flooding. Rising temperatures will also thaw permafrost in the Arctic. Effects of Greenhouse gases would eventually lead to melting of ice worldwide, especially at the Earth's poles. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    If there was no carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere, the temperature of the earth's surface would be
    Solution
    The carbon dioxide is one of the green house gases. These gases are capable of capturing and trapping the heat in the earth's atmosphere which helps to maintain the balance of heat in the atmosphere. If there is no carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the heat would escape easily from the atmosphere. The temperature of the earth would be much lower than the present temperature.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Oxygen cycle is an example of ................ cycle.
    Solution
    Oxygen cycle is a biogeochemical cycle like carbon and water cycles.
    The correct option is C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are essential for the maintenance of balance in the ecosystem?
    Solution
    • The water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle are essential for maintaining balance in an ecosystem. 
    • The water cycle is the cyclic movement of water on earth and its atmosphere. Water evaporates from the surface of the earth, rises into the atmosphere, cools and condenses as snow or rain clouds, and falls again to the surface as precipitation. 
    • The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon from the atmosphere to the Earth and then back into the atmosphere. Photosynthesis utilizes carbon dioxide and releases oxygen while respiration utilizes oxygen and gives back carbon dioxide.
    • The nitrogen cycle is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by certain bacteria and converted into usable nitrogenous compounds which are used by plants. Nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere by the process of denitrification.
    • So, the correct answer is option D
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Gases which increase the temperature of the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbon, etc are known as _________ gases.
    Solution
    Greenhouse gases,
    Some greenhouse gases occur naturally and enter the atmosphere as a result of both natural processes (such as decomposition of organic matter) and human activity (such as burning fossil fuels and agriculture). Greenhouse gases that occur both naturally and from human activities include water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ozone (O3). Other greenhouse gases have essentially no natural sources, but are side products of industrial processes or manufactured for human purposes such as cleaning agents, refrigerants, and electrical insulators. These include the fluorinated gases: chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HCFCs), bromofluorocarbons (halons), perfluorocarbons, PFCs, nitrogen trifluoride, NF3, and sulfur hexafluoride, SF6.

    These gases contribute to atmospheric warming when they absorb infrared radiation emitted by the solar-warmed Earth and transfer their extra energy to the surrounding atmospheric gases.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following makes earth a unique planet?
    Solution
    Earth is the only known planet where various forms of life like, plants, animals etc. are present. It makes earth unique from other planets. So, the correct option is A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which of the following maintains atmospheric temperature?
    Solution
    Air is a bad conductor of heat. The atmosphere keeps the average temperature of the Earth fairly steady during the day and even during the course of the whole year. The atmosphere prevents the sudden increase in temperature during the daylight hours. And during the night, it slows down the escape of heat into outer space.
    So, the correct option is C.
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