Natural Resources Test - 8

Both power and manure are provided by biogas plants. Anaerobic respiration of animal wastes and other organic material produce methane gas that is used as excellent fuel and outlets from biogas plant is used as manure.

Nitrobacterbacterium changes Nitrite into Nitrate which can be dissolved in water and can be absorbed by roots of plants. Nitrite and nitrate are forms of nitrogen.

Amount of rainfall in the wet zones of India is more than 200 cm. these areas receive higher rainfall and have lots of vegetation.

Rhizobium, Nostoc and Azatobacter are responsible for fixing nitrogen. They convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrate and nitrite that can be absorbed by plants.

(1) Nitrogen Fixation: Molecular nitrogen is converted into nitrates and nitrites by free living bacteria like Rhizobium present in the root nodules of legumes.
(2)  Ammonification: When an animal or plant dies they release wastes from their bodies, nitrogen is released in the organic form. This organic nitrogen is converted into ammonium by fungi and bacteria through the process ammonification.
(3) Nitrification: It is the process which converts ammonia or ammonium to nitrite and then nitrite to nitrate that the plants can take in as nutrients. The bacteria Nitrosomonas and Nitrococcus convert the ammonia into nitrite and then Nitrobacter converts nitrite to nitrate by the process of oxidation.
(4) Denitrification: Anaerobic bacteria Pseudomonas and Clostridium are responsible for the process of denitrification.

A) During part of the water cycle, the sun heats up liquid water and changes it to a gas by the process of evaporation. Water that evaporates from Earth’s oceans, lakes, rivers, and moist soil rises up into the atmosphere.
B) The process of evaporation from plants is called transpiration.
C) As the water in the clouds gets too heavy, the water falls back to the earth.  This is called precipitation.

D) As water (in the form of gas) rises higher in the atmosphere, it starts to cool and become a liquid again. This process is called condensation. When a large amount of water vapor condenses, it results in the formation of clouds.

All form of life requires food, water, favourable temperature to sustain life. Food provides energy for carrying out various metabolic activities. Water and temperature provide optimal condition inside the body.

The sun is an example of non-conventional source of energy which can be used to produce heat energy; electrical energy etc. coal, petroleum and wood are conventional sources of energy.

DDT is a non-biodegradable pollutant. Red data book provides information regarding threatened species of plant and animals. Jaldpara sanctuary is situated in West Bengal. Chinkara deer is not a endangered species.

Bandipur sanctuary is situated in Karnataka. Anamalai sanctuary in Tamil Nadu. Sariska sanctuary in Rajasthan but Periyar sanctuary is in Kerela.