Atoms and Molecules Test

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Atoms and Molecules Test - 9

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Which postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory is the basis of the law of conservation of mass?

A
Every matter is made up of small particles.

B
Atoms are the smallest particles of matter.

C
Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed.

D
All of these

Solution

The basis of the Law of conservation of mass is the following postulate given by Dalton:-

"Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction"

Question 2

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Match the following with the correct response:

(1) Smallest particle ‘parmanu’	(A) Dalton’s atomic theory
(2) Atoms are indivisible	(B) Law of constant proportions
(3) Balanced chemical equation	(C) Law of conservation of mass
(4) Elements combine in fixed ratios	(D) Maharshi Kannad

1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B

1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

Solution

Dalton propounded the tenets of his atomic theory in his 1805 work - "A New System of Chemical Philosophy". According to him:

The chemical elements are made of small indivisble particles called "atoms".
The atoms of an element are identical in mass.
Atoms of different elements have different masses.
Atoms combine only in small, whole number ratios like 1:1, 1:2, 2:3, etc.
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

(1) Smallest particle ‘parmanu’	(D) Idea given by Maharshi Kannad
(2) Atoms are indivisible	(A) Postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory
(3) Balanced chemical equation	(C) Outcome of Law of conservation of mass
(4) Elements combine in fixed ratios	(B) Feature of Law of constant proportions

Question 3
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Which of the following is/are anion(s)?
(a) Magnesium
(b) Sulphate
(c) Oxalate
(d) Ammonium

A
(a) and (b) are correct

B
(b) and (c) are correct

C
(a), (b) and (c) are correct

D
All of these

Solution

Sulphate and oxalate ions are anions while magnesium and ammonium ions are cations.
Question 4
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What is the ratio of magnesium and sulphur by mass in magnesium sulphide?

A
5:2

B
3:4

C
23:35.5

D
2:1

Solution

Atomic mass of magnesium is 24. Atomic mass of sulphur is 32. Therefore, the ratio of magnesium and sulphur by mass in magnesium sulphide (MgS) is 24:32 or 3:4
Question 5
1 / -0

Calculate the formula unit mass of ZnCl₂?

A
124 u

B
111 u

C
123 u

D
137 u

Solution

Formula unit mass of ZnCl₂ is ( 66 + 35.5 × 2 = 137u)

Atomic mass of Zn is 66 and the atomic mass of Cl is 35.5
Question 6
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“Gram atomic mass of an element and the gram molecular mass of a compound contains the same number of molecules”. This is a _________.

A
False statement

B
True statement

C
Partially true statement

D
Partially false statement

Solution

Gram atomic mass of an element and the gram molecular mass of a compound contain the same number of molecules, which is equal to 6.022 × 10²³ molecules.
Question 7
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Which of the two statements is true?

Statement A : X – rays are electromagnetic waves of very short wavelength.
Statement B : The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in L shell is 8.

A
Statement A

B
Statement B

C
Both the statements - A and B

D
Neither statement A nor statement B.

Solution

Both the statements are true. X-rays are electromagnetic waves of high energy and very short wavelength. They are able to pass through many materials which are opaque to light; therefore they are used to take images of the human body for medical purposes. The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the L shell is 8.
Question 8
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Sample of water from a well is analysed. What will be the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in it by mass?

A
1:8

B
8:1

C
2:16

D
1:8 or 2:16

Solution

The atomic mass of Hydrogen is 1 u and that of Oxygen is 16 u. The formula of water is H₂O. Hence, the ratio of Hydrogen and Oxygen by mass in water will be 2:16 or 1:8. The ratio will be the same irrespective of the source of the water.
Question 9
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Identify the incorrect statement(s).

A
Atoms have been found to be made up of sub-atomic particles.

B
Atoms of different elements may have same masses.

C
Atoms of the same element may have different masses.

D
None of these

Solution

Atoms of different elements may have same masses. E.g. Argon and Calcium.

Atoms of same element may have different masses as in the case of isotopes.

Atoms are made up of sub-atomic particles - electron, proton and neutron.

All the statements are correct.
Question 10
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Which of the two statement(s) is/are true?

Statement A : Atomic mass of an element is not its actual mass but relative mass.
Statement B : With the help of STM, it is possible to take the photograph of some atoms.

A
Statement A

B
Statement B

C
Both A and B

D
Neither A nor B

Solution

Atomic mass of an element is not its actual mass but relative mass compared to the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

Photographs of some atoms can be taken by using a STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscope). The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a type of electron microscope that shows three-dimensional images of a sample. In the STM, the structure of a surface is studied using a stylus that scans the surface at a fixed distance from it.

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Atoms and Molecules Test - 9

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Atoms and Molecules Test - 9

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Question 1

Every matter is made up of small particles.

Atoms are the smallest particles of matter.

Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed.

All of these

Solution

Question 2

1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B

1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

Solution

Question 3

(a) and (b) are correct

(b) and (c) are correct

(a), (b) and (c) are correct

All of these

Solution

Question 4

5:2

3:4

23:35.5

2:1

Solution

Question 5

124 u

111 u

123 u

137 u

Solution

Question 6

False statement

True statement

Partially true statement

Partially false statement

Solution

Question 7

Statement A

Statement B

Both the statements - A and B

Neither statement A nor statement B.

Solution

Question 8

1:8

8:1

2:16

1:8 or 2:16

Solution

Question 9

Atoms have been found to be made up of sub-atomic particles.

Atoms of different elements may have same masses.

Atoms of the same element may have different masses.

None of these

Solution

Question 10

Statement A

Statement B

Both A and B

Neither A nor B

Solution

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