Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 10

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In a species, the number of electrons is more than the number of protons. Predict its nature.

A
All of these

B
Anion

C
Cation

D
Neutral atom

Solution

An anion is formed by gaining electron(s) from other atoms. Hence, an anion contains more electrons than protons. On the other hand, a cation is formed through the loss of electron(s). A neutral atom will have the same number of negatively-charged electrons as well as positively-charged protons.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the two statements is/are true?

Statement A : The nature of cathode rays depends on the nature of gas taken in the discharge tube.
Statement B : Cathode rays rotate a light paddle wheel placed in their path.

A
Statement B

B
Neither statement A nor statement B

C
Both statements A and B

D
Statement A

Solution

The nature of cathode rays does not depend on the nature of gas taken in the cathode tube. Cathode rays travel in straight path and have energy that can rotate a light paddle wheel placed in their path.
Question 3
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Valency of an element is 8; It means it has ___ electrons in its outermost shell.

A
7 electrons

B
8 electrons

C
6 electrons

D
5 electrons

Solution

Valency is the combining capacity of an element. If an element has 8 valency then it's outer most shell has 8 electrons or noble gas configuration.
Question 4
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The order of the energy of the energy shells is:

A
L < K < M < N < O

B
K < L < N < M < O

C
K < L < M < N < O

D
K < M < L < N < O

Solution

The energy of the shells increases from the inner-most to the outer-most shell. So the correct order of the energy of energy shells is K < L < M < N < O
Question 5
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Which of the following statements is not true about neutrons?

A
It is highly unstable in nature.

B
It is a present in the nucleus of atom.

C
It is a neutral particle.

D
It contributes to the mass of the atom.

Solution

Neutron is a neutral sub-atomic particle present inside the nucleus of an atom. It contributes to the mass of the atom. Neutron is a stable particle.

Question 6

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Match the following with the correct response:

(1) Atomic number	(A) Total number of neutrons and protons
(2) Atomic mass	(B) Different atoms with same atomic masses
(3) Isotopes	(C) Atoms of same element with same atomic numbers
(4) Isobars	(D) Number of protons

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B

Solution

Atomic number (Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons in the nucleus of that atom. It is a characteristic of the element and determines its place in the periodic table. The mass of an atom of a chemical element is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for the relative abundance of the different isotopes. Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Since the atomic number is equal to the number of protons and the atomic mass is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons, it can also be said that isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass number. Isobars are atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons.

(1) Atomic number	(D) equal to the number of protons
(2) Atomic mass	(A) equal to the total number of neutrons and protons
(3) Isotopes	(C) atoms of the same element with same atomic numbers
(4) Isobars	(B) different atoms with same atomic masses

Question 7
1 / -0

The sum of the first ‘n’ terms of an A.P. is given by

A
n/2 [a+(n – 1)d]

B
n+2 / 2 [2a+(n – 1)d]

C
n/2 [2a+(n – 1)d]

D
n/2 [2a+(n + 1)d]

Solution

let S denote the sum of first n terms of an AP

a , a+d, a+2d, a+3d+ ................................... a +(n-1) d where a =1st term , d = common difference , l = last term

S_n = n/2 (a + l) but l = a + (n - 1)d ,

thus S_n= n/2 (a+a+(n−1)d)

Therefore sum of the first ‘n’ terms of an A.P. is given by
Sn=n/2 [2a+(n−1)d]

Question 8

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Match the following with the correct response:

(1) Distribution of electrons	(A) Electronic configuration
(2) In a neutral atom	(B) Gain or loss of electrons
(3) Ions	(C) Electrons are always equal to protons
(4) Molecule	(D) Stable

1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

Solution

An atom is always electrically neutral; hence the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. The distribution of electrons of an atom or a molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals is known as the electronic configuration. A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules are distinguished from ions by their lack of electrical charge. An ion is a charged atom or molecule. It is formed when an atom or a group of atoms lose or gain electrons and get charged. The number of electrons in an ion is not equal the number of protons.

(1) Distribution of electrons	(A) Electronic configuration
(2) In a neutral atom	(C) Electrons are always equal to protons
(3) Ions	(B) Gain or loss of electrons
(4) Molecule	(D) Stable

Question 9
1 / -0

In K⁺ and K⁻:

(a) Number of electrons are same
(b) Number of protons are same
(c) Number of neutrons are same
(d) Number of shells are same

A
(a) and (b) are correct

B
All of these

C
(b) and (c) are correct

D
(a), (b) and (c) are correct

Solution

Different ions are formed by an atom through the gain or loss of electrons. Hence, the number of protons and neutrons remains the same.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Structure of the Atoms Test - 10

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 10

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Question 1

All of these

Anion

Cation

Neutral atom

Solution

Question 2

Statement B

Neither statement A nor statement B

Both statements A and B

Statement A

Solution

Question 3

7 electrons

8 electrons

6 electrons

5 electrons

Solution

Question 4

L < K < M < N < O

K < L < N < M < O

K < L < M < N < O

K < M < L < N < O

Solution

Question 5

It is highly unstable in nature.

It is a present in the nucleus of atom.

It is a neutral particle.

It contributes to the mass of the atom.

Solution

Question 6

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B

Solution

Question 7

n/2 [a+(n – 1)d]

n+2 / 2 [2a+(n – 1)d]

n/2 [2a+(n – 1)d]

n/2 [2a+(n + 1)d]

Solution

Question 8

1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D

1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

Solution

Question 9

(a) and (b) are correct

All of these

(b) and (c) are correct

(a), (b) and (c) are correct

Solution

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