Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 16

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Question 1
1 / -0

Assertion: Atoms are not electrically neutral.
Reason: Number of protons and electrons are different.

A
Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.

B
Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.

C
Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.

D
Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.

E
Both assertion and reason statements are wrong.

Solution

Assertion: Atoms are electrically neutral. They do not have net electrical charge.
Reason: Number of protons and electrons are equal. Hence, total positive charges are balanced with total negative charges.
Question 2
1 / -0

How may sub-atomic particles are present in an $$\alpha$$-particles used in Rutherford's scattering experiment?

A
No. of Protons - 4,

No. of Neutrons - 0,

No. of Electrons - 0

B
No. of Protons - 2,

No. of Neutrons - 0,

No. of Electrons - 2

C
No. of Protons - 2,

No. of Neutrons - 2,

No. of Electrons - 0

D
No. of Protons - 2,

No. of Neutrons - 2,

No. of Electrons - 1

Solution

Following sub-atomic particles are present in an alpha-particle (helium nucleus) used in Rutherford's scattering experiment.
Number of Protons $$\displaystyle = $$ 2,
Number of Neutrons $$\displaystyle = $$ 2,
Number of Electrons $$\displaystyle = $$ 0
Hence, the option C is the correct answer.
Question 3
1 / -0

The components used in Rutherford's experiment:

A
$$\beta $$ -particles, which impinged on a metal foil and got absorbed

B
$$\gamma $$ -rays, which impinged on a metal foil and ejected electrons

C
helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

D
helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

Solution

$$He^{++} [\alpha \:particle]$$
The components used in Rutherford's experiment is $$\alpha$$-particles which is actually a helium nuclei.
Question 4
1 / -0

Maximum no. of electrons that can be present in M & N shells respectively are ________.

A
$$18, 32$$

B
$$8, 18$$

C
$$32, 50$$

D
$$32, 48$$

Solution

Maximum number of electrons in a shell $$= 2n^{2}$$
For M shell , $$n= 3$$; no. of electrons $$= 2\times 3^{2} = 18$$
For N shell , $$n= 4$$;no. of electrons $$= 2\times 4^{2} = 32$$
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following has the same number of protons?

A
Isobars

B
Isoelectronic

C
Isotopes

D
Isotones

Solution

Isotopes are elements having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. e.g : $$_1H^1,\ _1H^2,\ _1H^3$$ are isotopes of hydrogen.
Question 6
1 / -0

Nucleon contains:

A
only protons

B
only neutrons

C
both protons and neutrons

D
electrons, protons, and neutrons

Solution

Both protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus of an atom. Nucleon is the collective term for protons and neutrons.
Question 7
1 / -0

Match the atomic numbers 4, 14, 8, 15, and 19 with a gas of valency 2.

A
4

B
8

C
14

D
15

Solution

Atomic no $$8$$ is oxygen with configuration of $$2, 6$$ so it have valency of $$2$$ and also oxygen is a gas.
Question 8
1 / -0

Radius of the nucleus is measured in

A
nanometer

B
fermi

C
centimeter

D
meter

Solution

Size of nucleus is measured in Fermi ($$fm$$) it is also known as Femtometer ; where $$1fm = 10^{-15} m$$.
Options $$C$$ is correct.
Question 9
1 / -0

The first model of an atom was given by _____________.

A
N. Bohr

B
E. Goldstein

C
Rutherford

D
J.J. Thomson

Solution

Sir J.J Thomson gave the first model of atom.
He by means of cathode-ray experiment discovered the existence of negatively charged particles in an atom which led to the discovery of electrons.
He gave the plum-pudding model of an atom in which electrons are embedded in atom-like currants.
Positive electrons are distributed all over the atom.
Hence, option (D) is correct.
Question 10
1 / -0

In an atom, sub-atomic particle neutron and proton exists in :

A
nucleus

B
outside nucleus

C
orbits

D
sub-orbits

Solution

From atom structure it can be seen that,
In an atom, sub-atomic particle neutron and proton exists in nucleus.

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 16

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 16

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Question 1

Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.

Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.

Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.

Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.

Both assertion and reason statements are wrong.

Solution

Question 2

No. of Protons - 4,No. of Neutrons - 0,No. of Electrons - 0

No. of Protons - 2,No. of Neutrons - 0,No. of Electrons - 2

No. of Protons - 2,No. of Neutrons - 2,No. of Electrons - 0

No. of Protons - 2,No. of Neutrons - 2,No. of Electrons - 1

Solution

Question 3

$$\beta $$ -particles, which impinged on a metal foil and got absorbed

$$\gamma $$ -rays, which impinged on a metal foil and ejected electrons

helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

Solution

Question 4

$$18, 32$$

$$8, 18$$

$$32, 50$$

$$32, 48$$

Solution

Question 5

Isobars

Isoelectronic

Isotopes

Isotones

Solution

Question 6

only protons

only neutrons

both protons and neutrons

electrons, protons, and neutrons

Solution

Question 7

4

8

14

15

Solution

Question 8

nanometer

fermi

centimeter

meter

Solution

Question 9

N. Bohr

E. Goldstein

Rutherford

J.J. Thomson

Solution

Question 10

nucleus

outside nucleus

orbits

sub-orbits

Solution

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No. of Protons - 4,

No. of Neutrons - 0,

No. of Electrons - 0

No. of Protons - 2,

No. of Neutrons - 0,

No. of Electrons - 2

No. of Protons - 2,

No. of Neutrons - 2,

No. of Electrons - 0

No. of Protons - 2,

No. of Neutrons - 2,

No. of Electrons - 1