Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 21

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Question 1
1 / -0

On the basis of the atomic model Rutherford concluded that:

A
atoms consist of predominantly empty spaces

B
atoms consist of central nucleus containing positively charged particles

C
whole of the atomic mass is concentrated in the nucleus

D
All are correct

Solution

On the basis of the atomic model Rutherford concluded that :
(A) atoms consist of predominantly empty spaces
(B) atoms consist of central, tiny nucleus containing positively charged particles.
(C) Whole of the atomic mass is concentrated in the nucleus
Also, positive charge is concentrated in the nucleus. He also concluded that the number of positively charged particles in an atom is exactly equal to the number of extra-nuclear electrons. So an atom is electrically neutral.
Question 2
1 / -0

Maximum number of electrons that can be accomodated in a shell (in general) is given by the formula

A
$$2n$$

B
$$2n^2$$

C
$$4n$$

D
$$n^2$$

Solution

The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in a shell is given by the formula $$2n^2$$, where 'n' is the orbit number or energy level.
Question 3
1 / -0

The valency of carbon with respect to sodium is :

A
$$1$$

B
$$2$$

C
$$3$$

D
$$4$$

Solution

The valency of carbon is $$4$$ and the valency of sodium is $$1$$ therefore the valency of carbon with respect to (ratio) sodium is $$4$$.
Question 4
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Find out the correct statement based on Rutherford's atomic model.

A
Most of the mass of an atom is concentrated at the center

B
Nucleus is very small in size

C
Electrons circulate around the nucleus

D
All of the above

Solution

Based on the gold foil experiment, Rutherford found that most of the mass of an atom resides at the positively charged centre called the nucleus. He also suggested that the electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular orbits. Apart from this, he had put forward that the size of the nucleus is very small when compared to the size of the atom. Thus, all the statements are correct. Hence, option D is correct.
Question 5
1 / -0

The structure of the sodium atom is shown in the figure given alongside. Identify the correct statement.
Sodium has atomic no. .........................

A
11

B
12

C
23

D
10

Solution

Atomic number (z) is the number of protons in an atom. It is also equal to the number of electrons in the atom.
Atomic number = number of protons
So, in this case, the atomic number is $$11$$ which is equal to no. of protons in the nucleus.
Question 6
1 / -0

In magnesium, the number of electrons in $$K$$ shell is:

A
$$2$$

B
$$8$$

C
$$3$$

D
$$1$$

Solution

Atomic number of $$Mg$$ is $$12$$. So, the number of electrons in the different shells is:
$$K = 2, L = 8, M = 2$$.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following elements has three shells with no shells having even number of outer electrons?

A
Mg

B
Si

C
S

D
None of the above

Solution

The electronic configuration of Mg is $$2,\,8,\,2$$. The electronic configuration of Si is $$2,\,8,\,4$$. The electronic configuration of S is $$2,\,8,\,6$$. Therefore, every option has even electrons in its outermost shell.
Question 8
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Bohr modified the ___________ by adding that the electrons move in orbits of fixed size and energy.

A
Rutherford's model

B
Dalton's model

C
Thomson's model

D
Goldstein's model

Solution

Bohr modified the Rutherford model by adding that the electrons move in orbits of fixed size and energy. Electrons revolve around the nucleus in concentric circular orbits at fixed distance from the nucleus.
These are stationary orbits and the energy of electrons in these orbits is constant.
Question 9
1 / -0

Thomson showed that the stream of particles in cathode ray tube is made up of small particles which are a component of the atom and is:

A
neutral

B
negatively charged

C
positively charged

D
both A and B

Solution

Thomson discovered electrons using the cathode ray tube. It has been previously seen that if a electric current is passed through a vacuum tube, a glowing stream is formed. Thomson found that the mysterious glowing stream would bend toward a positively charged electric plate. He concluded that the stream is negatively charged. He also concluded based on his experiments that the negative stream has negatively charged particles that he called corpuscles (later renamed electrons).
Question 10
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Which of the following statement is false?

A
Proton has a positive charge.

B
Neutron has no charge.

C
Electrons are found in regions of the atom called orbitals.

D
Electrons has a greater mass than the protons.

E
Protons and neutrons form the nucleons of the atom.

Solution

The electron has less mass. A proton and a neutron have effectively the same mass. A proton (or a neutron) has approximately $$1837$$ times more massive than an electron.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Structure of the Atoms Test - 21

Result

Structure of the Atoms Test - 21

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

atoms consist of predominantly empty spaces

atoms consist of central nucleus containing positively charged particles

whole of the atomic mass is concentrated in the nucleus

All are correct

Solution

Question 2

$$2n$$

$$2n^2$$

$$4n$$

$$n^2$$

Solution

Question 3

$$1$$

$$2$$

$$3$$

$$4$$

Solution

Question 4

Most of the mass of an atom is concentrated at the center

Nucleus is very small in size

Electrons circulate around the nucleus

All of the above

Solution

Question 5

11

12

23

10

Solution

Question 6

$$2$$

$$8$$

$$3$$

$$1$$

Solution

Question 7

Mg

Si

S

None of the above

Solution

Question 8

Rutherford's model

Dalton's model

Thomson's model

Goldstein's model

Solution

Question 9

neutral

negatively charged

positively charged

both A and B

Solution

Question 10

Proton has a positive charge.

Neutron has no charge.

Electrons are found in regions of the atom called orbitals.

Electrons has a greater mass than the protons.

Protons and neutrons form the nucleons of the atom.

Solution

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