Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 27

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Neutrons are present in all atoms except?

A
He

B
C

C
H

D
Ne

Solution

The available hydrogen state $${ H }_{ 1 }^{ 1 }$$. It is made of 1 electron, 1 proton and no neutrons. All other elements including isotopes of Hydrogen have neutrons.
Question 2
1 / -0

Electrons present in the outermost orbit are called:

A
valence electrons

B
independent electrons

C
autonomous electrons

D
none of these

Solution

Electrons present in the outermost orbit (valence shell) are called valence electrons.
Question 3
1 / -0

Bohr's model explains:

A
the spectrum of hydrogen atom only

B
the spectrum of any atom or ion having one electron only

C
the spectrum of hydrogen molecule

D
the solar spectrum

Solution

Bohr's model successfully explained the spectrum of an atom or ion having one electron only.
Question 4
1 / -0

An electron in hydrogen atom is excited to 'N' shell. What are the possible transitions it can undergo? Compare the energies of transitions.

A
3 transitions, energies goes on decreasing

B
2 transitions, energies goes on decreasing

C
3 transitions, energies goes on increasing

D
2 transitions, energies goes on increasing

Solution

When an electron is in 'N' shell $$(n = 4)$$, it can undergo transition to $$n = 3, n = 2, n = 1\ shells$$. Therefore 3 electron transitions are possible. $$n = 4 \:to \:n = 3$$, is the least energy transition since the difference in energies of the two orbits is the least. $$n = 4 \:to \:n=1$$ corresponds to highest energy transition.
Question 5
1 / -0

Rutherford's scattering experiment is related to the size of the:

A
nucleus

B
atom

C
electron

D
neutron

Solution

Rutherford scattering experiment is related to size of the nucleus. Rutherford defined that an atom consists of a large space where $$\alpha -$$ particles pass through, but only at a small region they are deflected. This region is nucleus.
Question 6
1 / -0

Neutron has a _______charge.

A
+ve

B
-ve

C
Zero

D
None of these

Solution

A neutron is a neutral sub atomic particle. Hence, neutron has a zero charge.
Proton is a positive sub-atomic particle and electron is a negative sub atomic particle.
Question 7
1 / -0

The conclusions of Rutherford's scattering experiment are:

A
nucleus is very small in size

B
nucleus is very heavy and carries positive charge

C
most of the space in the atom is empty

D
all of the above

Solution

Rutherford drew the following conclusions regarding the structure of atom:
(i) Most of the space in the atom is empty as most of the particles passed through the foil undeflected.
(ii) A few positively charged particles were deflected. The deflection must be due to enormous repulsive force showing that the positive charge of the atom is not spread throughout the atom as Thomson had presumed. The positive charge has to be concentrated in a very small volume that repelled and deflected the positively charged particles.
(iii) Calculations by Rutherford showed that the volume occupied by the nucleus is negligibly small as compared to the total volume of the atom.
On the basis of above observations and conclusions, Rutherford proposed the nuclear model of atom (after the discovery of protons).
According to this model :
(i) The positive charge and most of the mass of the atom was densely concentrated in extremely small region. This very small portion of the atom was called nucleus by Rutherford.
(ii) The nucleus is surrounded by electrons that move around the nucleus with a very high speed in circular paths called orbits. Thus, Rutherford's model of atom resembles the solar system in which the nucleus plays the role of sun and the electrons that of revolving planets.
(iii) Electrons and the nucleus are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.
Question 8
1 / -0

Atomic mass number is sum of number of:

A
protons and electrons

B
protons and neutrons

C
neutrons and electrons

D
None of the above

Solution

Atomic mass number is sum of number of protons and neutrons in an atom of the element.
Question 9
1 / -0

The electrons revolve around the nucleus only in certain fixed paths called:

A
orbits

B
orbitals

C
center

D
layer

Solution

The electrons revolve around the nucleus only in certain fixed paths called orbits. They are K, L, M, N, etc. Each orbit consists of a fixed number of electrons. The electrons are distributed in the orbits according to the formula $$2n^2$$.
Question 10
1 / -0

Most of the alpha particles go straight through the foil if it is passed through a thin metal foil. This is due to the reason that:

A
alpha particles are much heavier than electrons

B
alpha particles are positively charged

C
most part of the atom is empty

D
alpha particles move with the high velocity

Solution

When alpha particles are sent through a thin metal foil, most of them go straight through the foil because most of the space inside the atom is empty.

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 27

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 27

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Question 1

He

C

H

Ne

Solution

Question 2

valence electrons

independent electrons

autonomous electrons

none of these

Solution

Question 3

the spectrum of hydrogen atom only

the spectrum of any atom or ion having one electron only

the spectrum of hydrogen molecule

the solar spectrum

Solution

Question 4

3 transitions, energies goes on decreasing

2 transitions, energies goes on decreasing

3 transitions, energies goes on increasing

2 transitions, energies goes on increasing

Solution

Question 5

nucleus

atom

electron

neutron

Solution

Question 6

+ve

-ve

Zero

None of these

Solution

Question 7

nucleus is very small in size

nucleus is very heavy and carries positive charge

most of the space in the atom is empty

all of the above

Solution

Question 8

protons and electrons

protons and neutrons

neutrons and electrons

None of the above

Solution

Question 9

orbits

orbitals

center

layer

Solution

Question 10

alpha particles are much heavier than electrons

alpha particles are positively charged

most part of the atom is empty

alpha particles move with the high velocity

Solution

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