Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 29

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Identify the sub-atomic particle(s) with no charge and relative mass equal to one among the following:

A
Proton

B
Electron

C
Neutron

D
All

Solution

Proton has a positive charge and relative mass equal to one.

Neutron has zero or no charge and relative mass equal to one.

Electron has a negative charge and relative mass equal to 1/1840.
Question 2
1 / -0

Elements X, Y, and Z have atomic numbers 6, 9, and 12 respectively. Which one has four electrons in its valence shell?

A
X

B
Y

C
Z

D
Both A and B

Solution

Atomic number of X is 6 and electronic configuration is: 2, 4
Atomic number of Y is 9 and electronic configuration is: 2, 7
Atomic number of Z is 12 and electronic configuration is: 2, 8, 2

Thus X has four electrons in the valence "L" shell.
Question 3
1 / -0

All atoms contain neutrons in their nuclei except:

A
Protium

B
Helium

C
Neon

D
Chlorine

Solution

All atoms except Protium, an isotope of Hydrogen contain neutrons in their nuclei. As Protium has zero neutrons in the nucleus and has mass no 1.

Hence, the correct option is $$A$$
Question 4
1 / -0

Determine the number of electron in the isotope of 'H' (mass no. 2).

A
1

B
2

C
0

D
3

Solution

The isotope has atomic number 1 and thus no. of protons is equal to no. of electrons = 1.
Question 5
1 / -0

What are imaginary paths around the nucleus in which electrons revolve?

A
Spaces

B
Orbits

C
Any arbitrary path

D
All of the above

Solution

Orbits are imaginary paths around the nucleus in which electrons revolve.

Hence, option B is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Match the atomic numbers 4, 14, 8, 15, and 19 with a non-metal of valency 4.

A
4

B
8

C
14

D
15

Solution

Atomic no. $$14$$ is silicon with configuration of $$2, 8, 4$$ so it need four more electron to complete octet and have valency of $$4$$.
Question 7
1 / -0

How many nucleons are present in phosphorous?

A
$$15$$

B

C
$$30$$

D
$$31$$

Solution

Nucleons are composite particles made up of protons and neutrons. The protons and neutrons collectively present in the nucleus of an atom are called nucleons.
$$P$$ have $$15+16 = 31$$ nucleons.
Question 8
1 / -0

Order of magnitude of density of uranium nucleus is :
$$\left( { m }_{ p }=1.67\times{ 10 }^{ -27 }kg \right) $$

A
$${2\times 10 }^{ 20 }\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

B
$${1\times 10 }^{ 10}\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

C
$${4\times 10 }^{ 14 }\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

D
$${4\times 10 }^{ 11 }\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

Solution

The order of magnitude of mass and volume of uranium nucleus will be
$$m\simeq A\left( 1.67\times { 10 }^{ -27 }\quad kg \right) $$ (A is atomic number)
$$V=\frac { 4 }{ 3 } \pi { r }^{ 3 }\simeq \frac { 4 }{ 3 } \pi { \left[ \left( 1.5\times { 10 }^{ -12 }\quad m \right) { A }^{ 1/3 } \right] }^{ 3 }$$
$$\simeq \left( 14.13\times { 10 }^{ -36 }\quad { m }^{ 3 } \right) A$$
Hence, $$\rho =\frac { m }{ v } =\frac { A\left( 1.67\times { 10 }^{ -27 }\quad kg \right) }{ \left( 14.13\times { 10 }^{ -36}\quad { m }^{ 3 } \right) A } $$
$$\simeq 1.0\times { 10 }^{ 10 }\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$.
Question 9
1 / -0

Rutherford's $$\alpha$$-scattering experiment led to the following conclusion(s):

A
atom has largely completely filled space.

B
the centre of the atom has negatively charged nucleus.

C
the size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.

D
electrons revolve around the proton.

Solution

Rutherford concluded from the $$\alpha$$-particle scattering experiment that:
(i) Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the -particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.
(ii) Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space in an atom.
(iii) A very small fraction of -particles were deflected by very large angles, indicating that all the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.
Based on his experiment, Rutherford put forward the nuclear model of an atom, which had the following features:
(i) There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus. Nearly all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus.
(ii) The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
(iii) The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.
Hence option C is correct.
Question 10
1 / -0

The heaviest subatomic particle is:

A
neutron

B
positron

C
electron

D
proton

Solution

Neutron is heaviest subatomic particle among the given subatomic particles with mass of 1.008 amu while proton have mass of 1 amu.

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 29

Result

Structure of the Atoms Test - 29

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Question 1

Proton

Electron

Neutron

All

Solution

Question 2

X

Y

Z

Both A and B

Solution

Question 3

Protium

Helium

Neon

Chlorine

Solution

Question 4

1

2

0

3

Solution

Question 5

Spaces

Orbits

Any arbitrary path

All of the above

Solution

Question 6

4

8

14

15

Solution

Question 7

$$15$$

16

$$30$$

$$31$$

Solution

Question 8

$${2\times 10 }^{ 20 }\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

$${1\times 10 }^{ 10}\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

$${4\times 10 }^{ 14 }\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

$${4\times 10 }^{ 11 }\quad kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$$

Solution

Question 9

atom has largely completely filled space.

the centre of the atom has negatively charged nucleus.

the size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.

electrons revolve around the proton.

Solution

Question 10

neutron

positron

electron

proton

Solution

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