Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 37

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Question 1
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Thomson proposed that:

A
an atom consists of a positively charged sphere and electrons are embedded in it.

B
negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude. So that atoms as a whole are electrically neutral.

C
Both $$A$$ and $$B$$

D
None of above
Solution
Thomson proposed that :
- An atom consists of a positively charged sphere and the electrons are embedded in it. Thus, the atom is visualised as pudding or cake of positive charges with raisins (electrons) embedded into it. Hence it is raisin pudding model or watermelon model.
- The negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude. So that atom as a whole is electrically neutral.
Question 2
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In Rutherford's $$\alpha$$-ray scattering experiment most of the alpha particles:

A
are deflected by large angles

B
are deflected by small angles

C
pass straight through

D
None of the above

Solution

In Rutherford's $$\alpha$$-ray scattering experiment, most of the alpha particles pass straight through the foil. This means that most of the space inside an atom is empty.
A few particles were deflected, which is because of the extremely dense tiny nucleus at the centre.
Hence, the correct option is C.
Question 3
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According to J. Chadwick, __________ is not found in hydrogen atom.

A
neutron

B
electron

C
proton

D
none of the above

Solution

According to J. Chadwick, $$\text {neutron}$$ is not found in hydrogen atom.
Question 4
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___________ experimentally proved the existence of protons in the atom.

A
Goldstein

B
J.J.Thomson

C
Chadwick

D
None of the above

Solution

Goldstein experimentally proved the existence of protons in the atom. Since the atom is electrically neutral, there must be positively charged particles present in the atom to neutralize the negative charges of the electrons.
Question 5
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On the basis of Rutherford's particle scattering experiment, which of the statement is true:

A
There is a positively charged center in the atom which was termed as nucleus.

B
Almost all the mass of the atom is concentrated at the nucleus of the atom.

C
The size of nucleus is very small relative to the size of the atom.

D
all of the above.

Solution

Based on Rutherford's particle scattering experiment, it was observed that there is a positively charged centre in an atom which was termed as the nucleus. The size of the nucleus is very small relative to the size of the atom. it was also stated that atoms consist of predominantly empty spaces. The whole atomic mass is concentrated in the nucleus. Also, all of the positive charge is concentrated in the nucleus. It was also concluded that the number of positively charged particles in an atom is exactly equal to the number of extra-nuclear electrons. So atom is electrically neutral.
Question 6
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In 1932, ___________ discovered an electrically neutral particle in the atom named as neutron.

A
Rutherford

B
James chadwick

C
J.J. Thomson

D
none of the above

Solution

Rutherford discovered the proton and J.J Thomson discovered the electron. In 1932, James Chadwick discovered neutron. So the correct option is B.
Question 7
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Protons and neutrons are heavier than electrons and reside in the centre of the atom, which is called ______ .

A
the nucleus

B
the Orbit

C
the orbitals

D
none of the above

Solution

Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus of the atom residing at the center.
Question 8
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The structure of the sodium atom is shown in the figure given alongside. Identify the correct statement.
There are _____________ no. of electrons in L shell.

A
2

B
8

C
11

D
1

Solution

L shell is the $$2^{nd}$$ innermost shell. As per the diagram the $$2^{nd}$$ shell, i.e. the L-shell has 8 electrons.
Question 9
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Which element has twice as many electrons in its second shell as compared to its first shell?

A
Calcium

B
Nitrogen

C
Oxygen

D
Carbon

Solution

The electronic configuration of carbon is $$2,\,4$$. It has twice as many electrons in its second shell as compared to the first shell.
Question 10
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Nucleus is composed of two kinds of subatomic particles:

A
protons and neutrons

B
electrons and neutrons

C
protons and electrons

D
None of the above

Solution

Nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged and neutrons are charge less, they together make up the nucleus.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Structure of the Atoms Test - 37

Result

Structure of the Atoms Test - 37

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Question 1

an atom consists of a positively charged sphere and electrons are embedded in it.

negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude. So that atoms as a whole are electrically neutral.

Both $$A$$ and $$B$$

None of above

Solution

Question 2

are deflected by large angles

are deflected by small angles

pass straight through

None of the above

Solution

Question 3

neutron

electron

proton

none of the above

Solution

Question 4

Goldstein

J.J.Thomson

Chadwick

None of the above

Solution

Question 5

There is a positively charged center in the atom which was termed as nucleus.

Almost all the mass of the atom is concentrated at the nucleus of the atom.

The size of nucleus is very small relative to the size of the atom.

all of the above.

Solution

Question 6

Rutherford

James chadwick

J.J. Thomson

none of the above

Solution

Question 7

the nucleus

the Orbit

the orbitals

none of the above

Solution

Question 8

2

8

11

1

Solution

Question 9

Calcium

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Carbon

Solution

Question 10

protons and neutrons

electrons and neutrons

protons and electrons

None of the above

Solution

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