Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 43

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Question 1
1 / -0

Which experiment was developed on the plum pudding model of the atom?

A
Gold foil

B
Cathod ray tube

C
Emission spectra of hydrogen

D
Oil drop

Solution

The plum pudding model of atomic structure was proposed by J.J Thomson in the 19th century.
Thomson discovered that atoms are composite objects, made of pieces with positive and negative charges and the negatively charged electron was very small compared to an entire atom. the gold foil experiment which was concluded was based on this model.
Question 2
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Rutherford's alpha-particles dispersion experiment concludes.

A
all positive ions are deposited at small part

B
all negative ions are deposited at small part

C
proton moves around the electron

D
neutrons are charged particles

Solution

Rutherford's alpha particles scattering experiment concluded that all the positive charge inside an atom is concentrated only on a small part inside the nucleus which is present at the center of the atom.
Hence, options $$A$$ is correct.
Question 3
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Rutherford's scattering experiment, which established the nuclear model of the atom, used a beam of:

A
alpha particles

B
beta particles

C
hydrogen atoms

D
hydrogen nucleus

Solution

Rutherford's experiment was actually an α-particle scattering experiment, α-particle is a doubly positively charged helium ion i.e., He-nucleus. These α-particles were allowed to impinge a thin sheet of gold and unexpectedly scattered after the impingement.
Question 4
1 / -0

Positively charged radiation was discovered by:

A
Thomson

B
Rutherford

C
Chadwick

D
Goldstein

Solution

Positively charged radiation was discovered by Goldstein in 1886. These are called canal rays.
Question 5
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Rutherford's model was not able to explain :

A
Rebounding of alpha particles

B
Deflection of aplha particles

C
Concentration of positive charge at centre

D
Line spectra of Atom

Solution

Defects of Rutherford's Atomic Model:

It is against the law of electrodynamics.

It fails to explain the atomic spectrum or line spectrum.

Hence, the correct option is $$\text{D}$$
Question 6
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Watermelon model of atom was proposed by:

A
Rutherford

B
Thomson

C
Bohr

D
Sommerfeld

Solution

J. J. Thomson proposed the watermelon model of the atom which is also known as the plum pudding model in which electrons are present inside the atom-like plumb in the pudding.
Question 7
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Rutherford's experiment on scattering of alpha particles showed for the time that the atom has :

A
Electrons

B
Protons

C
Neutrons

D
Nucleus
Solution
Hint: Rutherford’s alpha-particle scattering experiment proves that the space of an atom is void.

Explanation:
- Rutherford passed alpha particles in a gold wire. He observed that most of the alpha particles did not come back. From this, he has concluded that most of the space of the atom is blank or void.
- Some alpha particles got attracted by some force which is electrons. Negatively charged electrons attract the positively charged alpha particle. This proves that electrons occupy space around the nucleus.
- One out of every $$12,000$$ alpha particles appeared to rebound from some positively charged area. This proves that the center of an atom contains a positively charged nucleus.
Therefore, the correct answer is option $$D.$$
Question 8
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According to Rutherford's atomic model,which of the following should occur:

A
Electron should emit energy

B
Motion of electron should slow down

C
Should undergo spiral path and fall into nucleus

D
All of these

Solution

Rutherford's model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun. According to the model electron’s speed will keep reducing as the electron keeps giving off energy by emitting radiation and the radius of its rotation will keep decreasing and it will soon crash into the nucleus.
Question 9
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Rutherford's $$\alpha$$-particle scattering experiment concluded that:

A
mass and energy are related

B
electrons occupy space around the nucleus

C
neutrons are buried deep in the nucleus

D
the point of impact with matter can be precisely determined

Solution

Rutherford's $$\alpha$$-particle scattering experiment concluded that all the positive charge inside an atom is concentrated only on a small part inside the nucleus which is present at the centre of the atom along with the neutrons.
Question 10
1 / -0

When an alpha particle is sent through a thin metal foil, most of them go straight through the foil because

A
alpha - particles are much heavier than electrons

B
alpha - particles are positively charged

C
most part of the atom is empty space

D
alpha - particle move with high velocity

Solution

Most of the alpha particles in Rutherford's alpha-particle scattering experiment went through the atom as most of the space in the was empty.

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 43

Result

Structure of the Atoms Test - 43

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Gold foil

Cathod ray tube

Emission spectra of hydrogen

Oil drop

Solution

Question 2

all positive ions are deposited at small part

all negative ions are deposited at small part

proton moves around the electron

neutrons are charged particles

Solution

Question 3

alpha particles

beta particles

hydrogen atoms

hydrogen nucleus

Solution

Question 4

Thomson

Rutherford

Chadwick

Goldstein

Solution

Question 5

Rebounding of alpha particles

Deflection of aplha particles

Concentration of positive charge at centre

Line spectra of Atom

Solution

Question 6

Rutherford

Thomson

Bohr

Sommerfeld

Solution

Question 7

Electrons

Protons

Neutrons

Nucleus

Solution

Question 8

Electron should emit energy

Motion of electron should slow down

Should undergo spiral path and fall into nucleus

All of these

Solution

Question 9

mass and energy are related

electrons occupy space around the nucleus

neutrons are buried deep in the nucleus

the point of impact with matter can be precisely determined

Solution

Question 10

alpha - particles are much heavier than electrons

alpha - particles are positively charged

most part of the atom is empty space

alpha - particle move with high velocity

Solution

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