Structure of the Atoms Test

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 51

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Tick the appropriate answer.
Which one of the following scientists put forward the theory regarding the extra-nuclear structure of the atom ?

A
James Chadwick

B
John Dalton

C
Rutherford

D
Niels Bohr

Solution

Niels Bohr of the following scientists put forward the theory regarding the extra-nuclear structure of the atom.
Question 2
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If the atomic number of an atom is $$17$$ and the mass number is $$35$$ then the number of neutrons will be

A
$$35$$

B
$$17$$

C
$$18$$

D
$$52$$

Solution

The formula to calculate mass number is,
Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons
Number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = $$35-17$$ = $$18$$.
Option $$C$$ is correct.
Question 3
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Rutherford's $$\alpha-$$particle scattering experiment discovered

A
Electron

B
Proton

C
Atomic nucleus

D
Neutron

Solution

Nucleus of the atom that is positively charged was discovered by Rutherford's $$\alpha-$$ particle scattering experiment.
Question 4
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Which type of radiations were used in Rutherford's experiment ?

A
$$\alpha$$

B
$$\beta$$

C
$$\gamma$$

D
$$\lambda$$

Solution

In Rutherford's experiment, $$\alpha$$ particle was bombarded on thin gold foil and observed that nucleus occupy a very small portion of the atom.
So option $$A$$ is correct.
Question 5
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In $$\alpha$$-particle scattering experiment, one out of every 12000 particles appeared to rebound. This unexpected result was discovered by which scientist?

A
Willard

B
Roentgen

C
Chadwick

D
Rutherford

Solution

Rutherford made this observation in his $$\alpha-$$particle scattering experiment. Based on this observation, he concluded that all the positive charge and mass of the atom is concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.
Question 6
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According to Rutherford's suggestion how many times smaller should be the atomic nucleus than the total area of an atom?

A
$$10^{15}$$

B
$$10^{10}$$

C
$$10^{8}$$

D
$$10^{5}$$

Solution

While performing experiments on gold foil and alpha radiations, Rutherdford found from his calculations that atomic nucleous is $$10^{5}$$ times smaller than the total area of the atom.
Question 7
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Which sub-atomic particles revolve around the nucleus?

A
Protons

B
Neutrons

C
Electrons

D
None of these

Solution

Protons and Neutrons are part of the nucleus. Electrons are not a part of the nucleus and they revolve around it in fixed paths known as orbits.

Question 8

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Which of the following observations from Rutherfords experiment disprove Thomsons proposal that the atom is a positively charged sphere?

Observation I	Most of the fast-moving $$\alpha$$- particles passed straight through the gold foil.
Observation II	Some of the $$\alpha$$- particles were deflected by the foil by small angles.
Observation III	One out of every $$12000$$ particles appeared to rebound.

Observation I only

Observation III only

Observations II and III

None of these observations disprove Thomsons model

Solution

Very few of bombarded $$ \alpha $$ -particles on gold foil were deflected by sharp angles and therefore, it was concluded that the positive charge is concentrated in a very small volume of the atom called nucleus. Since few were deflected, the size of the nucleus is very small as compared with atom size. Most of particles passed through the foil un deflected and was concluded that most of space in an atom is empty.

So correct option is B.

Question 9
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The discovery of nucleus was done by

A
J. J. Thomson

B
Chadwick

C
Rutherford

D
Moseley

Solution

It was Rutherford who is credited with discovering the nucleus. In his alpha-particle scattering experiment using a gold foil, he showed that some of the particles are deflected by the gold foil. This suggested that the positive charge in the atom is confined to very little space inside the atom (nucleus).
Question 10
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Which of the following atom has no neutron in its nucleus ?

A
Helium

B
Lithium

C
Protium

D
Tritium

Solution

Protium is the most abundant isotope of hydrogen with an abundance of almost 99%. It's symbol is $$H^{1}_{1}$$. Its atomic number is 1 and its mass number is also 1. So it does not possess any neutron.
Whereas,
Helium, $$He^{4}_{2}$$, has 2 neutrons
Lithium, $$Li^{7}_{3}$$, has 4 neutrons
Tritium, $$H^{3}_{1}$$, has 2 neutrons

The correct option is $$C$$.

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 51

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Structure of the Atoms Test - 51

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Question 1

James Chadwick

John Dalton

Rutherford

Niels Bohr

Solution

Question 2

$$35$$

$$17$$

$$18$$

$$52$$

Solution

Question 3

Electron

Proton

Atomic nucleus

Neutron

Solution

Question 4

$$\alpha$$

$$\beta$$

$$\gamma$$

$$\lambda$$

Solution

Question 5

Willard

Roentgen

Chadwick

Rutherford

Solution

Question 6

$$10^{15}$$

$$10^{10}$$

$$10^{8}$$

$$10^{5}$$

Solution

Question 7

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

None of these

Solution

Question 8

Observation I only

Observation III only

Observations II and III

None of these observations disprove Thomsons model

Solution

Question 9

J. J. Thomson

Chadwick

Rutherford

Moseley

Solution

Question 10

Helium

Lithium

Protium

Tritium

Solution

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